2.oracle 12c 创建-访问-关闭-删除PDB

1.创建PDB

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

 

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/system01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/pdbseed/system01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/sysaux01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/undotbs01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/users01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/EMP/system01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/EMP/sysaux01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/EMP/EMP_users01.dbf

 

9 rows selected.

SQL> alter system set db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/dsg';

 

System altered.

 

SQL> create pluggable database dsg admin user hxy identified by hxy roles=(connect);

 

Pluggable database created.

要先设置db_create_file_dest，否则创建PDB的时候报下面的错误：

SQL> create pluggable database dsg admin user hxy identified by hxy roles=(connect);

create pluggable database dsg admin user hxy identified by hxy roles=(connect)

                                                                             *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-65016: FILE_NAME_CONVERT must be specified

查看

SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;

 

    CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE

---------- ------------------------------ ----------

         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY

         3 EMP                                READ WRITE

         4 DSG                                MOUNTED

启动DSG

SQL> alter pluggable database dsg open;

Pluggable database altered.

 

SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;

 

    CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE

---------- ------------------------------ ----------

         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY

         3 EMP                                READ WRITE

         4 DSG                                READ WRITE

 

2.（1）通过tnsname访问PDB数据库

例如：

首先需要启动监听，最好使用netca配置监听，配置完成后查看其状态为：

[oracle@db12 admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1. - Production on -AUG- ::

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=db12)(PORT=)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1. - Production
Start Date                -AUG- ::
Uptime                     days  hr.  min.  sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1./network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/db12/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=db12)(PORT=)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=db12)(PORT=))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/db12/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "db12" has  instance(s).
  Instance "db12", status READY, has  handler(s) for this service...
Service "db12XDB" has  instance(s).
  Instance "db12", status READY, has  handler(s) for this service...
Service "emp" has  instance(s).
  Instance "db12", status READY, has  handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

如果使用手动配置监听器，pdb的监听不一定能启动，这点要注意！

查看当前数据库的PDB

SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;

    CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE

---------- ------------------------------ ----------

         2 PDB$SEED                        READ ONLY

         3 EMP                                 READ WRITE

查看tnsnames.ora

EMP =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = EMP)

    )

  )

 

访问：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@emp as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jan 18 14:26:04 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

 

SQL> show con_name con_id

CON_NAME

------------------------------

EMP

 

CON_ID

------------------------------

3

 

（2）使用EZCONNECT方式连接到数据库

SQL> conn sys/oracle@//localhost/dsg as sysdba

Connected.

 

SQL> show con_name con_id

 

CON_NAME

------------------------------

DSG

 

CON_ID

------------------------------

4 查看

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

 

NAME

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/undotbs01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/dsg/ORA12C/F039E431F9CE7170E0430100007F6A0D/datafile/o1_mf_system_9fn895qv_.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/dsg/ORA12C/F039E431F9CE7170E0430100007F6A0D/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_9fn89mpk_.dbf

有两个单独的数据文件system、sysaux和共享的undo表空间共享的全局数据文件

SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

 

NAME

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/dsg/ORA12C/F039E431F9CE7170E0430100007F6A0D/datafile/o1_mf_temp_9fn8bxy4_.dbf

有独立的临时文件

 

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

 

NAME

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/control01.ctl

/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ora12c/control02.ctl

控制文件是共享的

 

（3）在DBA等高级权限的用户下，通过alter命令进行会话级别的容器切换，访问不同容器下的对象

SQL> conn / as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> alter session set container=dsg;

Session altered.

 

SQL> show con_id con_name

CON_ID

------------------------------

4

CON_NAME

------------------------------

DSG

 

SQL> alter session set container=emp;

Session altered.

 

SQL> show con_id con_name

CON_ID

------------------------------

3

CON_NAME

------------------------------

EMP

 

五，关闭PDB

 

（1）切换到PDB

SQL> alter session set container=dsg;

Session altered.

 

SQL> show con_id con_name

CON_ID

------------------------------

4

CON_NAME

------------------------------

DSG

 

SQL> shutdown immediate

Pluggable Database closed.

（2）在具有sys权限的用户执行

SQL> alter pluggable database emp close;

Pluggable database altered.

 

六，删除PDB

SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;

 

    CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE

---------- ------------------------------ ----------

         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY

         3 EMP                            MOUNTED

         4 DSG                            READ WRITE

 

SQL> drop pluggable database dsg including datafiles;

drop pluggable database dsg including datafiles

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-65025: Pluggable database DSG is not closed on all instances.

必须让PDB处于关闭状态才能删除PDB

 

SQL> alter pluggable database dsg close;

Pluggable database altered.

 

SQL> drop pluggable database dsg including datafiles;

Pluggable database dropped.

 

查看产生的alert日志：

把相应的数据文件全部删除

在OS中查看：