easypermissions的基本使用

转载请注明出处 http://blog.csdn.net/pyfysf/article/details/78204395

Android 6.0（API 级别 23）开始，在应用运行时向其授予权限，而不是在应用安装时授予。这样可以让用户对应用的功能进行更多控制；

系统权限分为两类：正常权限和危险权限：

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正常权限不会直接给用户隐私权带来风险。如果你的应用在其清单中列出了正常权限，系统将自动授予该权限。

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危险权限会授予应用访问用户隐私数据的权限。如果你列出了危险权限，则用户必须明确批准您的应用使用这些权限。

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注：从 Android 6.0（API 级别 23）开始，用户可以随时从任意应用调用权限，即使应用面向较低的 API 级别也可以调用。无论您的应用面向哪个 API 级别，您都应对应用进行测试，以验证它在缺少需要的权限时行为是否正常。

• 正常权限

NFC
READ_SYNC_SETTINGS
READ_SYNC_STATS
RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
REORDER_TASKS
REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
SET_ALARM
SET_TIME_ZONE
SET_WALLPAPER
SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS
TRANSMIT_IR
UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT
USE_FINGERPRINT
VIBRATE
WAKE_LOCK
WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS
ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY
ACCESS_WIFI_STATE
BLUETOOTH
BLUETOOTH_ADMIN
BROADCAST_STICKY
CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE
CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE
CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
DISABLE_KEYGUARD
EXPAND_STATUS_BAR
GET_PACKAGE_SIZE
INSTALL_SHORTCUT
INTERNET
KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES
MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS

• 危险权限

group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
  permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
  permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
  permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS  
group:android.permission-group.PHONE
  permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
  permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
  permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
  permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
  permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
  permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
  permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL  
group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
  permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
  permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR  
group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
  permission:android.permission.CAMERA  
group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
  permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS  
group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
  permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
  permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION  
group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
  permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
  permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE  
group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
  permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO  
group:android.permission-group.SMS
  permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
  permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
  permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
  permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
  permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
  permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS 

因此，如果API 23及以上时，我们申请危险权限时，除了在清单文件配置，还要在代码中进行动态申请

我们可以自己去写代码进行权限代码申请，这种方法可以参考这样一篇博客

Android6.0及以上版本申请权限讲解

利用easypermissions进行权限申请

首先在app项目下的build.gradle中添加

android {
....
}
repositories {
    maven {
        url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/repositories/releases"
    }
}
dependencies {
....
    compile 'pub.devrel:easypermissions:1.0.1'
}

这里以照相机权限和位置权限作为例子来讲解；

首先在清单文件（AndroidManifest.xml）中声明这两个属性

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

然后在Activity中重写：

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        // Forward results to EasyPermissions
        EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
    }

然后我们就可以直接在Activity中书写请求权限的代码了

//请求码
 @AfterPermissionGranted(RC_CAMERA_AND_LOCATION)
    private void methodRequiresTwoPermission() {
        String[] perms = {Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};
        if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, perms)) {
            // Already have permission, do the thing
            // ...
             Toast.makeText(this, "已经授权", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            //表明已经授权，可以进行用户授予权限的操作
        } else {
            // Do not have permissions, request them now
//弹出一个对话框进行提示用户
            EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, "应用时需要照相机权限",
                    RC_CAMERA_AND_LOCATION, perms);
        }
    }

第一次打开app之后，拒绝权限。第二次进入app就会弹出这个对话框

在oncreate方法中调用这个方法就可以了。

完整的MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity  {
    private static final int RC_CAMERA_AND_LOCATION = 100;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        methodRequiresTwoPermission();
    }
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        // Forward results to EasyPermissions
        EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
    }
    @AfterPermissionGranted(RC_CAMERA_AND_LOCATION)
    private void methodRequiresTwoPermission() {
        String[] perms = {Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};
        if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, perms)) {
            // Already have permission, do the thing
            // ...
             Toast.makeText(this, "已经授权", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            // Do not have permissions, request them now
            EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, "应用时需要照相机权限",
                    RC_CAMERA_AND_LOCATION, perms);
        }
    }
}

easypermissions的github地址，更多详细代码点击这里