SpringBoot + Jpa(Hibernate) 架构基本配置
1、基于springboot-1.4.0.RELEASE版本测试
2、springBoot + Hibernate + Druid + Mysql + servlet(jsp)
一、maven的pom文件
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <project xmlns= "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" <modelVersion> 4.0 . 0 </modelVersion> <groupId>com.zsx</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version> 0.0 . 1 </version> <name>zsx Maven Webapp</name> <url>http: //maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF- 8 </project.build.sourceEncoding> <jdk.version> 1.7 </jdk.version> <tomcat.version> 7.0 . 69 </tomcat.version> </properties> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version> 1.4 . 0 .RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencies> <!-- 添加对jsp视图解析的支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 下面两个引入为了操作数据库 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- 只需引入spring-boot-devtools 即可实现热部署 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Json包 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version> 1.2 . 16 </version> </dependency> <!-- 为了监控数据库 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version> 1.0 . 25 </version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version> 3.14 </version> </dependency> <!-- Junit 单元测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version> 2.6 . 0 </version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version> 2.6 . 0 </version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>/</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- 热部署 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId> <version> 1.2 . 6 .RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>ali</id> <name>ali Repository</name> <url>http: //maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <snapshots> <enabled> false </enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> </project> |
二、项目架构
想想还是介绍一下项目的目录结构,这样方便梳理整体的架构配置
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src ├─main │ ├─java │ │ └─com │ │ └─zsx │ │ │ Application.java │ │ │ SpringBootStartApplication.java │ │ │ │ │ ├─common │ │ │ ├─config │ │ │ │ DruidDBConfig.java │ │ │ │ MultipartConfig.java │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├─filter │ │ │ │ DruidStatFilter.java │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├─interceptors │ │ │ │ AuthInterceptor.java │ │ │ │ WebAppConfigurer.java │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├─servlet │ │ │ │ DruidStatViewServlet.java │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─swagger │ │ │ Swagger2.java │ │ │ │ │ ├─controller │ │ │ │ LoginController.java │ │ │ │ TestController.java │ │ │ │ UserController.java │ │ │ │ │ ├─dao │ │ │ │ TUserDao.java │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─impl │ │ ├─entity │ │ │ │ BaseEntity.java │ │ │ │ │ ├─model │ │ │ │ Tree.java │ │ │ │ │ ├─service │ │ │ │ UserService.java │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─impl │ │ │ UserServiceImpl.java │ │ │ │ │ └─util │ │ GeneratePageable.java │ │ │ ├─resources │ │ │ application.properties │ │ │ logback-test.xml │ │ │ │ │ └─ static │ │ ├─css │ │ ├─img │ │ └─js │ │ │ └─webapp │ │ index.jsp │ │ │ └─WEB-INF │ │ web.xml │ │ │ └─view │ │ login.jsp │ │ │ ├─error │ │ 500 .jsp │ ├─jsp │ main.jsp │ └─test └─java UtilTest.java |
标准的maven项目结构,其中java下是dao、service、controller ,还有实体类映射entity,其他配置config
三、resources下的应用配置文件application.properties
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#server.port= 9090 # 数据库访问配置 # 主数据源,默认的 spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql: //localhost:3306/test spring.datasource.username= root spring.datasource.password= root spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver # 下面为连接池的补充设置,应用到上面所有数据源中 # 初始化大小,最小,最大 spring.datasource.initialSize= 5 spring.datasource.minIdle= 5 spring.datasource.maxActive= 20 # 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 spring.datasource.maxWait= 60000 # 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis= 60000 # 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒 spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis= 300000 spring.datasource.validationQuery=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL spring.datasource.testWhileIdle= true spring.datasource.testOnBorrow= false spring.datasource.testOnReturn= false # 打开PSCache,并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements= true spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize= 20 # 配置监控统计拦截的filters,去掉后监控界面sql无法统计, 'wall' 用于防火墙 spring.datasource.filters=stat,wall,log4j # 通过connectProperties属性来打开mergeSql功能;慢SQL记录 spring.datasource.connectionProperties=druid.stat.mergeSql= true ;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis= 5000 # 合并多个DruidDataSource的监控数据 spring.datasource.useGlobalDataSourceStat= true #JPA Configuration: spring.jpa.database=MYSQL # Show or not log for each sql query spring.jpa.show-sql= false spring.jpa.generate-ddl= true # Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, update) spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create #spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect spring.jpa.hibernate.naming_strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy #spring.jpa.database=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/view/ spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp #spring.resources. static -locations=classpath:/resources/,classpath:/ static / |
四、启动应用主类文件 Application.java
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package com.zsx; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan; @SpringBootApplication @ServletComponentScan // 扫描使用注解方式的servlet public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application. class , args); } } |
若需要部署到外部的tomcat容器中,则添加下面类即可。
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package com.zsx; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder; import org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer; /** * 修改启动类,继承 SpringBootServletInitializer 并重写 configure 方法 * @author ZSX * */ public class SpringBootStartApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringBootStartApplication. class ); @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) { return builder.sources(Application. class ); } } |
五、数据库连接池Druid的配置
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package com.zsx.common.config; import java.sql.SQLException; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary; import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource; /** * DruidDBConfig类被@Configuration标注,用作配置信息; * DataSource对象被@Bean声明,为Spring容器所管理, * @Primary表示这里定义的DataSource将覆盖其他来源的DataSource。 * @author ZSX *jdbc.url=${jdbc.url} *最新的支持方式如下: *jdbc.url=@jdbc.url@ */ @Configuration public class DruidDBConfig { // private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DruidDBConfig.class); @Value ( "${spring.datasource.url}" ) private String dbUrl; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.username}" ) private String username; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.password}" ) private String password; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.driverClassName}" ) private String driverClassName; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.initialSize}" ) private int initialSize; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.minIdle}" ) private int minIdle; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.maxActive}" ) private int maxActive; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.maxWait}" ) private int maxWait; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" ) private int timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" ) private int minEvictableIdleTimeMillis; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.validationQuery}" ) private String validationQuery; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.testWhileIdle}" ) private boolean testWhileIdle; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.testOnBorrow}" ) private boolean testOnBorrow; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.testOnReturn}" ) private boolean testOnReturn; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements}" ) private boolean poolPreparedStatements; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize}" ) private int maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize; @Value ( "${spring.datasource.filters}" ) private String filters; @Value ( "{spring.datasource.connectionProperties}" ) private String connectionProperties; @Bean // 声明其为Bean实例 @Primary // 在同样的DataSource中,首先使用被标注的DataSource public DataSource dataSource() { DruidDataSource datasource = new DruidDataSource(); datasource.setUrl( this .dbUrl); datasource.setUsername(username); datasource.setPassword(password); datasource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName); // configuration datasource.setInitialSize(initialSize); datasource.setMinIdle(minIdle); datasource.setMaxActive(maxActive); datasource.setMaxWait(maxWait); datasource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis); datasource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(minEvictableIdleTimeMillis); datasource.setValidationQuery(validationQuery); datasource.setTestWhileIdle(testWhileIdle); datasource.setTestOnBorrow(testOnBorrow); datasource.setTestOnReturn(testOnReturn); datasource.setPoolPreparedStatements(poolPreparedStatements); datasource.setMaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize(maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize); try { datasource.setFilters(filters); } catch (SQLException e) { } datasource.setConnectionProperties(connectionProperties); return datasource; } } |
springboot里默认使用tomcat的上传文件大小限制,即1MB,
修改用下面的配置类:
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import javax.servlet.MultipartConfigElement; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.MultipartConfigFactory; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class MultipartConfig { @Bean public MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement(){ MultipartConfigFactory factory = new MultipartConfigFactory(); factory.setMaxFileSize( "10MB" ); factory.setMaxRequestSize( "10MB" ); return factory.createMultipartConfig(); } } |
六、开启Druid的数据库监控配置
1、配置Filter
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import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam; import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter; /** * 配置druid监控统计功能 * 配置Filter * @author ZSX * */ @WebFilter (filterName = "druidWebStatFilter" , urlPatterns = "/*" , initParams = { @WebInitParam (name= "exclusions" ,value= "*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.bmp,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*" ) // 忽略资源 } ) public class DruidStatFilter extends WebStatFilter { } |
2、 配置web访问的servlet
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import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet; /** * 配置druid监控统计功能 * 在SpringBoot项目中基于注解的配置,如果是web.xml配置,按规则配置即可 * @author ZSX * */ @WebServlet (urlPatterns = "/druid/*" , initParams = { // @WebInitParam(name = "allow", value = "192.168.16.110,127.0.0.1"), // IP白名单 (没有配置或者为空,则允许所有访问) // @WebInitParam(name="deny",value="192.168.16.111"), // IP黑名单 (存在共同时,deny优先于allow) @WebInitParam (name= "loginUsername" ,value= "druid" ), // 用户名 @WebInitParam (name= "loginPassword" ,value= "druid" ), // 密码 @WebInitParam (name= "resetEnable" ,value= "false" ) // 禁用HTML页面上的“Reset All”功能 } ) public class DruidStatViewServlet extends StatViewServlet { } |
这样启动项目后在浏览器中输入地址:端口/druid,就可以看到druid的监控web页面了
七、 拦截器配置
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter; @Configuration public class WebAppConfigurer extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { /** * 配置拦截器 */ @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub // 多个拦截器组成一个拦截器链 // addPathPatterns 用于添加拦截规则 // excludePathPatterns 用户排除拦截 registry.addInterceptor( new AuthInterceptor()).addPathPatterns( "/**" ); super .addInterceptors(registry); } /** * 添加自定义的静态资源映射 这里使用代码的方式自定义目录映射,并不影响Spring Boot的默认映射,可以同时使用。 */ @Override public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) { // registry.addResourceHandler("/new/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/new/"); // registry.addResourceHandler("/**").addResourceLocations("/"); super .addResourceHandlers(registry); } } |
八、swagger发布api测试配置(可忽略)
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder; import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors; import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; @Configuration @EnableSwagger2 public class Swagger2 { @Bean public Docket createRestApi(){ return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .apiInfo(apiInfo()) .select() .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage( "com.zsx.controller.api" )) .paths(PathSelectors.any()) .build(); } private ApiInfo apiInfo(){ return new ApiInfoBuilder() .title( "Spring Boot中使用Swagger2构建RESTful APIs" ) .description( "描述" ) .version( "1.0" ) .build(); } } |
至此,所有的配置已完成,下面是一个操作数据的简单demo
九、实体类
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@Entity @Table (name = "t_user" ) public class Tuser implements java.io.Serializable { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @GeneratedValue (strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; @Column (name = "username" ) private String userName; @Column (name = "password" ) private String passWord; @Column (name = "email" ) private String email; @Column (name = "mobile" ) private String mobile; @Column (name = "nickname" ) private String nickName; // 省略getter 和 setter } |
十、dao层
1、使用jpa基本可以实现不写sql,(但实际开发中,业务逻辑会很复杂,一点不写sql完全不现实)
2、注意添加@Repository注解, 添加JpaSpecificationExecutor继承可以方便分页
3、 看些jpa的查询语法资料
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import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query; import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository; import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; @Repository public interface TuserDao extends PagingAndSortingRepository<tuser, long = "" >, JpaSpecificationExecutor<tuser> { Tuser findByUserName(String userName); @Query ( "from Tuser t where id = :id" ) List<tuser> queryFamilyList( @Param ( "id" ) Long id, Pageable pageable); } |
十一、service和controller没啥好说的,跟原先的一样,下面再提供一个单元测试的demo
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import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import com.golden.Application; import com.golden.dao.TUserDao; import com.golden.entity.Tuser; import com.golden.util.GeneratePageable; @RunWith (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner. class ) //指定我们SpringBoot工程的Application启动类 @SpringApplicationConfiguration (classes = Application. class ) //由于是Web项目,Junit需要模拟ServletContext,因此我们需要给我们的测试类加上@WebAppConfiguration @WebAppConfiguration public class UtilTest { @Autowired private TUserDao dao; @Autowired private EntityManager em; @Test public void test1(){ dao.findByUserName( "admin" ); } @Test public void test2(){ // 使用jpa提供的分页类 java.util.List<order> list = new ArrayList<sort.order>(); Order order = new Order(Direction.DESC, "createTime" ); list.add(order); Sort sort = new Sort(list); Pageable pageable = new PageRequest( 0 , 10 , sort); Page<tuser> findAll = dao.findAll(pageable); } @Test public void test3(){ EntityManager em = dao.getEntityManager(); Query query = em.createNativeQuery( "select * from t_user limit 1" ); Object singleResult = query.getSingleResult(); System.out.println(singleResult); } /* //执行原生SQL Query nativeQuery = em.createNativeQuery(String sql); //指定返回对象类型 nativeQuery.unwrap(SQLQuery.class).setResultTransformer(Transformers.aliasToBean( Class resultType)); //返回对象 List<t> resultList = nativeQuery.getResultList(); */ } |
后记:
不用Druid的可以把有关Druid的配置全部删掉,swagger的同理
这里没有使用hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件,主要习惯了在实体类里配置字段了,不怎么用hibernate的映xml文件了,但其实配置起来跟springmvc项目一样
说实话这里使用jpa操作数据库,没感觉有多方便,因为总有各种奇葩的需求,当然也可能是我没深入研究,所以建议改用Mybatis,这个我会再写一篇springboot加mybatis的配置教程的,最后,还可以使用原生的sql查询,即使用单元测试里的EntityManager对象去执行sql,返回结果可以指定对象类型,也很方便
还需要注意的一个点是静态文件的存放位置,这个跟原先的项目不一样,原先是在webapp下,但springboot是默认放在resources下的static目录下的,还有其他默认目录和配置.
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