MySQL异步复制-加强版

准备：主备库版本一致，主从库正常安装软件。

1、主库上设置一个复制使用的账户：

mysql> grant replication slave,replicate client on *.* to 'rep1'@'192.168.100.136' identified by 'dbking';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

说明：如果此账号仅用于复制，那么有replicate slave权限足够了，但是如果要在本地查看从库信息，还需要replicate client权限。

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user where user='rep1';

+------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+

| user | host            | password                                  |

+------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+

| rep1 | 192.168.100.136 | *0E5B9DDCEF035D1E653099F4143C0F36061F7653 |

+------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.08 sec)

2、修改主库参数文件，开启binlog并设置server_id，注意server_id必须不能一样，server_id可以使用ip后8位+端口号标示：

log_bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/dbking-bin.log

server_id=1

3、主数据库上设置读锁定有效：

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

4、然后得到主数据库上当前二进制日志文件及偏移量，为了在从库复制起点：

mysql> show master status;

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| dbking-bin.000001 |      120 |              |                  |                   |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

5、主数据库目前已停止更新操作，现在要得到主数据库备份到从库上恢复：

[root@chavinking mysql]# tar -cvf data.dir data

6、解锁主库：

mysql> unlock tables;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

7、将主库备份恢复到从库：

[root@chavinking mysql]# mv data data1204

[root@chavinking mysql]# tar -xvf data.dir

8、修改从库my.cnf文件，设置server_id参数，这里只有server_id是必须的，server_id参数必须唯一：

Log_bin=mysql-bin

Relay_log=mysql-relay-bin

Log_slave_updates=1

Read_only=1

server_id=2

参数说明：

Log_bin=mysql-bin：建议主从库配置一样的名字。

Log_slave_updates=1：决定是否将从主库接受到的更新写入从库自己的binlog中。将这个值设置为1，方便以后将这个从库升级为主库，根据需要配置一个从库，业方便恢复操作。

Read_only=1：从库只有super权限的用户可以写入操作。

9、从库使用--skip-slave-start启动数据库：

[root@chavinking mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --skip-slave-start &

[1] 18389

[root@chavinking mysql]# 161202 08:50:16 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/chavinking.err'.

161202 08:50:16 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

10、对从库数据库服务器进行相应设置，制定复制使用账户，主库ip，端口以及开始进行复制的日志文件和位置等，具体如下：

change master to

master_host='xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx',

master_port=3306,

master_user='replic_user',

master_password='password',

master_log_file='log file name',

master_log_pos=position;

本次试验脚本如下：

mysql> change master to

-> master_host='192.168.80.133',

-> master_user='rep1',

-> master_password='dbking',

-> master_port=3306,

-> master_log_file='dbking-bin.000001',

-> master_log_pos=120;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.11 sec)

11、从库启动slave线程：

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

12、从库上查看配置信息：

mysql> show slave status \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.80.133

Master_User: rep1

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: dbking-bin.000004

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120

Relay_Log_File: chavinking-relay-bin.000008

Relay_Log_Pos: 284

Relay_Master_Log_File: dbking-bin.000004

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120

Relay_Log_Space: 510

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1

Master_UUID: 9b92b2a8-b7e0-11e6-81e4-000c29fa5a95

Master_Info_File: /usr/local/software/mysql-5.6.24-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/data/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set:

Executed_Gtid_Set:

Auto_Position: 0

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

如果其中Slave_IO_Running: NO，并且日志文件报错：

2016-12-02 11:19:37 19637 [ERROR] Slave I/O: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work. Error_code: 1593

那么修改data目录下的auto.cnf文件后重启数据库即可解决。