缓存的名字是ehcache。。。老是记得是encache....　　

　　官方PDF文档:http://www.ehcache.org/documentation/ehcache-2.5.x-documentation.pdf

0.需要的jar包:

1.首先要了解缓存清除策略，官方文档给出的有

　　超过缓存指定的数量的时候按指定策略清除缓存的数据。参考:MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy类：

LRU - least recently used（最近最少使用）

LFU - least frequently used（最不经常使用）

FIFO - first in first out, the oldest element by creation time（清除最早缓存的数据，不关心是否经常使用）
CLOCK---FIFO - first in first out, the oldest element by creation time.(与FIFO一样)

2.一个简单的使用

1.使用缓存

配置文件:

 <ehcache updateCheck="false" dynamicConfig="false">

    <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>  

    <defaultCache

        maxElementsInMemory="1000"

        eternal="false"

        overflowToDisk="true"

        timeToIdleSeconds="120"

        timeToLiveSeconds="120"

        diskPersistent="false"

        diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"

        memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"

    />      

    <cache name="cache_test"

        maxElementsInMemory="2"

        eternal="false"

        timeToIdleSeconds="60"

        timeToLiveSeconds="60"

        maxElementsOnDisk="2"

        overflowToDisk="true"

        diskPersistent="false"

        memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="FIFO"

   />

</ehcache>

各配置参数的含义：
　　maxElementsInMemory：缓存中允许创建的最大对象数

　　maxElementsOnDisk:磁盘中允许的最多对象数
　　eternal：缓存中对象是否为永久的，如果是，超时设置将被忽略，对象从不过期。
　　timeToIdleSeconds：缓存数据的钝化时间，也就是在一个元素消亡之前，两次访问时间的最大时间间隔值，这只能在元素不是永久驻留时有效，如果该值是0 就意味着元素可以停顿无穷长的时间。
　　timeToLiveSeconds：缓存数据的生存时间，也就是一个元素从构建到消亡的最大时间间隔值，这只能在元素不是永久驻留时有效，如果该值是0就意味着元素可以停顿无穷长的时间。
　　overflowToDisk：内存不足时，是否启用磁盘缓存。

　　diskPersistent 是否持久化磁盘缓存,当这个属性的值为true时,系统在初始化时会在磁盘中查找文件名为cache名称,后缀名为data的文件。指重启jvm后，数据是否有效。默认为false。

　　memoryStoreEvictionPolicy：缓存满了之后的淘汰算法。

　　如果应用需要配置多个不同命名并采用不同参数的Cache，可以相应修改配置文件，增加需要的Cache配置即可。

两个时间的详细解释:

　　timeToLiveSeconds -->当对象自从被存放到缓存中后，如果处于缓存中的时间超过了 timeToLiveSeconds属性值,这个对象就会过期，EHCache将把它从缓存中清除；即缓存自创建日期起能够存活的最长时间，单位为秒(s)

　　timeToIdleSeconds -->  当对象自从最近一次被访问后，如果处于空闲状态的时间超过了timeToIdleSeconds属性值，这个对象就会过期，EHCache将把它从缓存中清空；即缓存被创建后，最后一次访问时间到缓存失效之时，两者之间的间隔，单位为秒(s)

　　timeToLiveSeconds必须大于timeToIdleSeconds才有意义。

测试代码:

package encache;

import java.util.Date;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

import net.sf.ehcache.Element;

public class FirstCache {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FirstCache.class.getName());

    // 1.创建CacheManager

//    CacheManager cacheManager = CacheManager.create("E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml");// 也可以通过URL制定

    //一般用下面这种方式创建Cachemanager

//    CacheManager cacheManager = CacheManager.create();//默认读取classpath目录下面的ehcache.xml

     CacheManager cacheManager = new  CacheManager();//默认读取classpath目录下面的ehcache.xml

    public FirstCache() {

        // 2.创建Cache

        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("cache_test");

        // 3.存取元素

        cache.put(new Element("firstCache", "第一个缓存元素"));

        // 4.获取元素

        Element element = cache.get("firstCache");

        log.info("获取的缓存元素是:{}", element);

        long creationTime = element.getCreationTime();

        long expirationTime = element.getExpirationTime();

        log.info("creationTime： {}", new Date(creationTime));

        log.info("expirationTime： {}", new Date(expirationTime));

        int diskStoreSize = cache.getDiskStoreSize();

        int cacheSize = cache.getKeys().size();

        log.info("diskStoreSize:{}", diskStoreSize);

        log.info("cacheSize： {}", cacheSize);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        new FirstCache();

    }

}

结果:(注意存活时间是60s,注意标红的信息)

2018-09-09 14:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from classpath.

2018-09-09 14:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from ehcache.xml found in the classpath: file:/E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml

2018-09-09 14:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from URL: file:/E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml

2018-09-09 14:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from InputStream

2018-09-09 14:45:58 [net.sf.ehcache.config.DiskStoreConfiguration]-[DEBUG] Disk Store Path: C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\

2018-09-09 14:45:58 [net.sf.ehcache.util.PropertyUtil]-[DEBUG] propertiesString is null.

2018-09-09 14:45:58 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheManagerEventListenerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore]-[DEBUG] Initialized net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore for cache_test

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file cache_test.data

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file cache_test.index

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Matching data file missing (or empty) for index file. Deleting index file C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\cache_test.index

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file cache_test.index

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] Initialised cache: cache_test

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured. Skipping for 'cache_test'.

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured for defaultCache. Skipping for 'cache_test'.

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] put added 0 on heap

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 获取的缓存元素是:[ key = firstCache, value=第一个缓存元素, version=1, hitCount=1, CreationTime = 1536475559759, LastAccessTime = 1536475559799 ]

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] creationTime： Sun Sep 09 14:45:59 CST 2018

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] expirationTime： Sun Sep 09 14:46:59 CST 2018

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault removed 0 from heap

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault added 0 on disk

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] diskStoreSize:0

2018-09-09 14:45:59 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] cacheSize： 1

并且在:C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp文件夹下面生成一个cache_test.data的文件。

删除缓存只需要采用如下方法:

        // 4.删除一个元素

        cache.remove("key");

2.获取缓存配置

package encache;

import java.util.Date;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

import net.sf.ehcache.Element;

import net.sf.ehcache.config.CacheConfiguration;

import net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy;

public class FirstCache {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FirstCache.class.getName());

    // 1.创建CacheManager

    CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();// 默认读取classpath目录下面的ehcache.xml

    public FirstCache() {

        // 2.创建Cache

        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("cache_test");

        CacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration = cache.getCacheConfiguration();

        // 2.1获取满了之后的清除策略

        MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy policy = cacheConfiguration.getMemoryStoreEvictionPolicy();

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getDiskStorePath());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getTimeToIdleSeconds());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getTimeToLiveSeconds());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsInMemory());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsOnDisk());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getName());

        log.info("{}", policy.toString());

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        new FirstCache();

    }

}

结果:

2018-09-09 15:08:14 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] null
2018-09-09 15:08:14 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 60
2018-09-09 15:08:14 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 60
2018-09-09 15:08:14 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 2
2018-09-09 15:08:14 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 2
2018-09-09 15:08:14 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] cache_test
2018-09-09 15:08:14 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] FIFO

3.动态的修改缓存的配置:

代码:

        cacheConfiguration.setDiskStorePath(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));

        cacheConfiguration.setTimeToIdleSeconds(200);

        cacheConfiguration.setTimeToLiveSeconds(200);

        cacheConfiguration.setMaxElementsInMemory(4);

        cacheConfiguration.setMaxElementsOnDisk(4);

        cacheConfiguration.setName("cache_test_update");

        cacheConfiguration.setMemoryStoreEvictionPolicy("CLOCK");

直接修改会报错:

Exception in thread "main" net.sf.ehcache.CacheException: Dynamic configuration changes are disabled for this cache
at net.sf.ehcache.config.CacheConfiguration.checkDynamicChange(CacheConfiguration.java:2711)
at net.sf.ehcache.config.CacheConfiguration.setDiskStorePath(CacheConfiguration.java:948)
at encache.FirstCache.<init>(FirstCache.java:35)
at encache.FirstCache.main(FirstCache.java:53)

官方解释:原因是上面encache.xml阻止了动态修改cache配置

Dynamic cache configurations can also be frozen to prevent future changes:

　　Cache cache = manager.getCache("sampleCache");

　　cache.disableDynamicFeatures();

In ehcache.xml, you can disable dynamic configuration by setting the <ehcache> element's

　　dynamicConfig attribute to "false".

解决办法在官方解释中说了，修改dynamicConfig属性为true

 <ehcache updateCheck="false" dynamicConfig="true">

    <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>  

    <defaultCache

        maxElementsInMemory="1000"

        eternal="false"

        overflowToDisk="true"

        timeToIdleSeconds="120"

        timeToLiveSeconds="120"

        diskPersistent="false"

        diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"

        memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"

    />      

    <cache name="cache_test"

        maxElementsInMemory="2"

        eternal="false"

        timeToIdleSeconds="60"

        timeToLiveSeconds="60"

        maxElementsOnDisk="2"

        overflowToDisk="true"

        diskPersistent="false"

        memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="FIFO"

   />

</ehcache>

修改之后再次执行下main代码:

    public FirstCache() {

        // 2.创建Cache

        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("cache_test");

        CacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration = cache.getCacheConfiguration();

        // 2.1获取满了之后的清除策略

        MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy policy = cacheConfiguration.getMemoryStoreEvictionPolicy();

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getDiskStorePath());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getTimeToIdleSeconds());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getTimeToLiveSeconds());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsInMemory());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsOnDisk());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getName());

        log.info("{}", policy.toString());

        log.info("===============================");

        cacheConfiguration.setDiskStorePath(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));

        cacheConfiguration.setTimeToIdleSeconds(200);

        cacheConfiguration.setTimeToLiveSeconds(200);

        cacheConfiguration.setMaxElementsInMemory(4);

        cacheConfiguration.setMaxElementsOnDisk(4);

        cacheConfiguration.setName("cache_test_update");

        cacheConfiguration.setMemoryStoreEvictionPolicy("CLOCK");

        MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy policy2 = cacheConfiguration.getMemoryStoreEvictionPolicy();

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getDiskStorePath());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getTimeToIdleSeconds());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getTimeToLiveSeconds());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsInMemory());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsOnDisk());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getName());

        log.info("{}", policy2.toString());

    }

结果:(修改生效)

2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] null
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 60
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 60
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 2
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 2
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] cache_test
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] FIFO
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] ===============================
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 200
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 200
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 4
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 4
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] cache_test_update
2018-09-09 15:18:46 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] CLOCK

 

4.测试上面配置的一些作用:

修改上面的配置:

    <cache name="cache_test"

        maxElementsInMemory="2"

        eternal="false"

        timeToIdleSeconds="5"

        timeToLiveSeconds="5"

        maxElementsOnDisk="2"

        overflowToDisk="true"

        diskPersistent="false"

        memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="FIFO"

   />

(1)测试缓存的生存时间:

package encache;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheException;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

import net.sf.ehcache.Element;

public class FirstCache {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FirstCache.class.getName());

    public FirstCache() {

        // 1.创建CacheManager

        CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();// 默认读取classpath目录下面的ehcache.xml

        // 2.创建Cache

        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("cache_test");

        // 3.存取元素

        cache.put(new Element("firstCache", "第一个缓存元素"));

        // 4.获取元素

        Element element = cache.get("firstCache");

        log.info("获取的缓存元素是:{}", element);

        long creationTime = element.getCreationTime();

        long expirationTime = element.getExpirationTime();

        log.info("creationTime： {}", new Date(creationTime));

        log.info("expirationTime： {}", new Date(expirationTime));

        log.info("diskStoreSize:{}", cache.getDiskStoreSize());

        log.info("cacheSize： {}", cache.getKeys().size());

        // 线程休眠6s，使缓存超时

        try {

            // Thread.sleep(6*1000);

            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(7);

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        // 再次获取元素

        try {

            Element element1 = cache.get("firstCache");

            long creationTime1 = element1.getCreationTime();

            long expirationTime1 = element1.getExpirationTime();

            log.info("creationTime1： {}", new Date(creationTime1));

            log.info("expirationTime1： {}", new Date(expirationTime1));

        } catch (Exception e) {

            log.error("元素不存在");

        } finally {

            log.info("diskStoreSize:{}", cache.getDiskStoreSize());

            log.info("cacheSize： {}", cache.getKeys().size());

        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        new FirstCache();

    }

}

查看日志:

2018-09-09 15:45:55 [net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from classpath.

2018-09-09 15:45:55 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from ehcache.xml found in the classpath: file:/E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml

2018-09-09 15:45:55 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from URL: file:/E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml

2018-09-09 15:45:55 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from InputStream

2018-09-09 15:45:55 [net.sf.ehcache.config.DiskStoreConfiguration]-[DEBUG] Disk Store Path: C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\

2018-09-09 15:45:55 [net.sf.ehcache.util.PropertyUtil]-[DEBUG] propertiesString is null.

2018-09-09 15:45:55 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheManagerEventListenerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore]-[DEBUG] Initialized net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore for cache_test

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file cache_test.data

2018-09-09 15:45:56 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file cache_test.index

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Matching data file missing (or empty) for index file. Deleting index file C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\cache_test.index

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file cache_test.index

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] Initialised cache: cache_test

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured. Skipping for 'cache_test'.

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured for defaultCache. Skipping for 'cache_test'.

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] put added 0 on heap

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 获取的缓存元素是:[ key = firstCache, value=第一个缓存元素, version=1, hitCount=1, CreationTime = 1536479157042, LastAccessTime = 1536479157054 ]

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] creationTime： Sun Sep 09 15:45:57 CST 2018

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] expirationTime： Sun Sep 09 15:46:02 CST 2018

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] diskStoreSize:0

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault removed 0 from heap

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault added 0 on disk

2018-09-09 15:45:57 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] cacheSize： 1

2018-09-09 15:46:04 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] remove deleted 0 from heap

2018-09-09 15:46:04 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] remove deleted 0 from disk

2018-09-09 15:46:04 [encache.FirstCache]-[ERROR] 元素不存在

2018-09-09 15:46:04 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] diskStoreSize:0

2018-09-09 15:46:04 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] cacheSize： 0

也就是6s之后缓存会自动清除。缓存时间生效。

(2)测试缓存对象数量问题:

package encache;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheException;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

import net.sf.ehcache.Element;

public class FirstCache {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FirstCache.class.getName());

    public FirstCache() {

        // 1.创建CacheManager

        CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();// 默认读取classpath目录下面的ehcache.xml

        // 2.创建Cache

        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("cache_test");

        // 3.存取5个元素

        cache.put(new Element("1", "第1个缓存元素"));

        cache.put(new Element("2", "第2个缓存元素"));

        cache.put(new Element("3", "第3个缓存元素"));

        cache.put(new Element("4", "第4个缓存元素"));

        cache.put(new Element("5", "第5个缓存元素"));

        cache.flush();

        try {

            Thread.sleep(2 * 1000);

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        log.info("diskStoreSize:{}", cache.getDiskStoreSize());

        log.info("cacheSize： {}", cache.getKeys().size());

        // 4.获取元素

        for (Object key : cache.getKeys()) {

            log.info("ele:{}", cache.get(key).toString());

        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        new FirstCache();

    }

}

结果:(只获取到最后添加的两个元素。FIFO策略也生效)

2018-09-09 16:17:11 [net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from classpath.

2018-09-09 16:17:11 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from ehcache.xml found in the classpath: file:/E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml

2018-09-09 16:17:11 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from URL: file:/E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml

2018-09-09 16:17:11 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from InputStream

2018-09-09 16:17:11 [net.sf.ehcache.config.DiskStoreConfiguration]-[DEBUG] Disk Store Path: C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\

2018-09-09 16:17:11 [net.sf.ehcache.util.PropertyUtil]-[DEBUG] propertiesString is null.

2018-09-09 16:17:11 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheManagerEventListenerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore]-[DEBUG] Initialized net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore for cache_test

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Matching data file missing (or empty) for index file. Deleting index file C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\cache_test.index

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file cache_test.index

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] Initialised cache: cache_test

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured. Skipping for 'cache_test'.

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured for defaultCache. Skipping for 'cache_test'.

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] put added 0 on heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] put added 0 on heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] put added 0 on heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] put added 0 on heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] put added 0 on heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault removed 0 from heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault added 0 on disk

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault removed 0 from heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault added 0 on disk

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault removed 0 from heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault added 0 on disk

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] evicted 0 from disk

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] evicted 0 from heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault removed 0 from heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault added 0 on disk

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] evicted 0 from disk

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] evicted 0 from heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault removed 0 from heap

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] fault added 0 on disk

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] evicted 0 from disk

2018-09-09 16:17:13 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.Segment]-[DEBUG] evicted 0 from heap

2018-09-09 16:17:15 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] diskStoreSize:2

2018-09-09 16:17:15 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] cacheSize： 2

2018-09-09 16:17:15 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] ele:[ key = 5, value=第5个缓存元素, version=1, hitCount=1, CreationTime = 1536481034000, LastAccessTime = 1536481035344 ]

2018-09-09 16:17:15 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] ele:[ key = 4, value=第4个缓存元素, version=1, hitCount=1, CreationTime = 1536481034000, LastAccessTime = 1536481035347 ]

3.defaultCache的作用

　　一直以为defaultCache的配置是会给我们创建一个cache，实际上是在程序中创建的cache会默认采用此配置。

在encache-core的包下面的ehcache-failsafe.xml的描述如下:

    <!--

    Mandatory Default Cache configuration. These settings will be applied to caches

    created programmtically using CacheManager.add(String cacheName)

    -->

    <defaultCache

            maxElementsInMemory="10000"

            eternal="false"

            timeToIdleSeconds="120"

            timeToLiveSeconds="120"

            overflowToDisk="true"

            maxElementsOnDisk="10000000"

            diskPersistent="false"

            diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"

            memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"

            />

也就是程序中显示创建的Cache会默认使用defaultCache的配置。

package encache;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

import net.sf.ehcache.config.CacheConfiguration;

import net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy;

public class FirstCache {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FirstCache.class.getName());

    public FirstCache() {

        // 1.创建CacheManager

        CacheManager cacheManager = CacheManager.create();

        // 2.创建并且获取Cache

        cacheManager.addCache("dynamic_cache");

        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("dynamic_cache");

        CacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration = cache.getCacheConfiguration();

        // 2.1获取满了之后的清除策略

        MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy policy = cacheConfiguration.getMemoryStoreEvictionPolicy();

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getDiskStorePath());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getTimeToIdleSeconds());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getTimeToLiveSeconds());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsInMemory());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsOnDisk());

        log.info("{}", cacheConfiguration.getName());

        log.info("{}", policy.toString());

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        new FirstCache();

    }

}

结果:

2018-09-09 16:51:27 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from ehcache.xml found in the classpath: file:/E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml

2018-09-09 16:51:27 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from URL: file:/E:/MavenEclipseWorkspace/encache/target/classes/ehcache.xml

2018-09-09 16:51:27 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationFactory]-[DEBUG] Configuring ehcache from InputStream

2018-09-09 16:51:27 [net.sf.ehcache.config.DiskStoreConfiguration]-[DEBUG] Disk Store Path: C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\

2018-09-09 16:51:27 [net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager]-[DEBUG] Creating new CacheManager with default config

2018-09-09 16:51:27 [net.sf.ehcache.util.PropertyUtil]-[DEBUG] propertiesString is null.

2018-09-09 16:51:27 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheManagerEventListenerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore]-[DEBUG] Initialized net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore for cache_test

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Matching data file missing (or empty) for index file. Deleting index file C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\cache_test.index

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file cache_test.index

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] Initialised cache: cache_test

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured. Skipping for 'cache_test'.

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured for defaultCache. Skipping for 'cache_test'.

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore]-[DEBUG] Initialized net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore for dynamic_cache

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file dynamic_cache.data

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file dynamic_cache.index

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Matching data file missing (or empty) for index file. Deleting index file C:\Users\liqiang\AppData\Local\Temp\dynamic_cache.index

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.store.disk.DiskStorageFactory]-[DEBUG] Failed to delete file dynamic_cache.index

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.Cache]-[DEBUG] Initialised cache: dynamic_cache

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [net.sf.ehcache.config.ConfigurationHelper]-[DEBUG] CacheDecoratorFactory not configured for defaultCache. Skipping for 'dynamic_cache'.

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] null

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 120

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 120

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 1000

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] 0

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] dynamic_cache

2018-09-09 16:51:29 [encache.FirstCache]-[INFO] LRU

4.encache原码分析:

CacheManager

　　一个普通的class，里面包含管理cache的信息

public class CacheManager {

    /**

     * Default name if not specified in the configuration/

     */

    public static final String DEFAULT_NAME = "__DEFAULT__";

    /**

     * Threshold, in percent of the available heap, above which the CacheManager will warn if the configured memory

     */

    public static final double ON_HEAP_THRESHOLD = 0.8;

    /**

     * Keeps track of all known CacheManagers. Used to check on conflicts.

     * CacheManagers should remove themselves from this list during shut down.

     */

    public static final List<CacheManager> ALL_CACHE_MANAGERS = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<CacheManager>();

    /**

     * System property to enable creation of a shutdown hook for CacheManager.

     */

    public static final String ENABLE_SHUTDOWN_HOOK_PROPERTY = "net.sf.ehcache.enableShutdownHook";

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CacheManager.class);

    /**

     * Update check interval - one week in milliseconds

     */

    private static final long EVERY_WEEK = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;

    private static final long DELAY_UPDATE_CHECK = 1000;

    private static volatile CacheManager singleton;

    private static final MBeanRegistrationProviderFactory MBEAN_REGISTRATION_PROVIDER_FACTORY = new MBeanRegistrationProviderFactoryImpl();

    private static final String NO_DEFAULT_CACHE_ERROR_MSG = "Caches cannot be added by name when default cache config is not specified"

            + " in the config. Please add a default cache config in the configuration.";

    private static final Map<String, CacheManager> CACHE_MANAGERS_MAP = new HashMap<String, CacheManager>();

    private static final IdentityHashMap<CacheManager, String> CACHE_MANAGERS_REVERSE_MAP = new IdentityHashMap<CacheManager, String>();

    protected volatile Status status;

    protected final Map<String, CacheManagerPeerProvider> cacheManagerPeerProviders = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, CacheManagerPeerProvider>();

    protected final Map<String, CacheManagerPeerListener> cacheManagerPeerListeners = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, CacheManagerPeerListener>();

    protected final CacheManagerEventListenerRegistry cacheManagerEventListenerRegistry = new CacheManagerEventListenerRegistry();

    protected Thread shutdownHook;

    private final ConcurrentMap<String, Ehcache> ehcaches = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Ehcache>();

ehcaches里面存放的是一个一个的cache。

Cache:

public class Cache implements InternalEhcache, StoreListener {

    public static final String DEFAULT_CACHE_NAME = "default";

    public static final String NET_SF_EHCACHE_DISABLED = "net.sf.ehcache.disabled";

    public static final String NET_SF_EHCACHE_USE_CLASSIC_LRU = "net.sf.ehcache.use.classic.lru";

    public static final long DEFAULT_EXPIRY_THREAD_INTERVAL_SECONDS = CacheConfiguration.DEFAULT_EXPIRY_THREAD_INTERVAL_SECONDS;

    public static final String OFF_HEAP_STORE_CLASSNAME = "net.sf.ehcache.store.offheap.OffHeapStore";

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Cache.class.getName());

private volatile Store compoundStore; 用于存放真正的元素。

Element：

　　一个实现serializable和clonable的普通类，里面有key和value以及一些其他信息:

public class Element implements Serializable, Cloneable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1098572221246444544L;

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Element.class.getName());

    private static final AtomicLongFieldUpdater<Element> HIT_COUNT_UPDATER = AtomicLongFieldUpdater.newUpdater(Element.class, "hitCount");

    private static final boolean ELEMENT_VERSION_AUTO = Boolean.getBoolean("net.sf.ehcache.element.version.auto");

    static {

        if (ELEMENT_VERSION_AUTO) {

            LOG.warn("Note that net.sf.ehcache.element.version.auto is set and user provided version will not be honored");

        }

    }

    @IgnoreSizeOf

    private final Object key;

    private final Object value;

    private volatile long version;

    private volatile long hitCount;

    private volatile int timeToLive = Integer.MIN_VALUE;

    private volatile int timeToIdle = Integer.MIN_VALUE;

    private transient volatile ElementEvictionData elementEvictionData;

    private volatile long lastUpdateTime;

    private volatile boolean cacheDefaultLifespan = true;

　　Encache也可以进行集群等高级操作，待用到的时候查阅API即可。encache是新开一个线程进行缓存管理，JVM不停此线程也不会停止。

补充:在一个JVM如果创建两个名字相同的cache，则会报错，如下:

package encache;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

public class SecondCache {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SecondCache.class.getName());

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 1.创建CacheManager

        final CacheManager cacheManager = CacheManager.create();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                cacheManager.addCache("dynamic_cache");

            }

        }).start();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                cacheManager.addCache("dynamic_cache");

            }

        }).start();

    }

}

结果:

Exception in thread "Thread-1" net.sf.ehcache.ObjectExistsException: Cache dynamic_cache already exists
at net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager.addCacheNoCheck(CacheManager.java:1294)
at net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager.addCache(CacheManager.java:1184)
at net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager.addCache(CacheManager.java:1126)
at encache.SecondCache$1.run(SecondCache.java:17)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

补充:Element有一个构造方法可以指定缓存的时间等参数

package encache;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

import net.sf.ehcache.Element;

public class FirstCache {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FirstCache.class.getName());

    public FirstCache() {

        // 1.创建CacheManager

        CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();// 默认读取classpath目录下面的ehcache.xml

        // 2.创建Cache

        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("cache_test");

        // 3.添加元素

        cache.put(new Element("key", "value", false, 0, 12));

        // 4.休眠5秒钟获取元素

        try {

            Thread.sleep(5 * 1000);

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

        }

        Element element = cache.get("key");

        System.out.println(element);

        // 4.休眠13秒钟获取元素

        try {

            Thread.sleep(13 * 1000);

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

        }

        // 4.获取元素

        Element element2 = cache.get("key");

        System.out.println(element2);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        new FirstCache();

    }

}

结果:

[ key = key, value=value, version=0, hitCount=1, CreationTime = 1544537618418, LastAccessTime = 1544537623428 ]
null

补充:在学习了多线程之后对ehcache缓存进行的实验多线程环境下

package encache;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

import net.sf.ehcache.Element;

public class SecondCache {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SecondCache.class.getName());

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 1.创建CacheManager

        final CacheManager cacheManager = CacheManager.create();

        // 开启线程创建cache

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                log.info("添加缓存->{},threadName->{}", "dynamic_cache", Thread.currentThread().getName());

                cacheManager.addCache("dynamic_cache");

            }

        }, "A").start();

        // 添加元素

        Thread.sleep(1 * 1000);

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("dynamic_cache");

                for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

                    Map<String, Object> cacheEle = new HashMap<>();

                    cacheEle.put("" + i, "第" + i + "个元素");

                    log.info("添加缓存元素->{},threadName->{}", cacheEle, Thread.currentThread().getName());

                    cache.put(new Element(i + "key", cacheEle));

                }

                // 覆盖第二个元素

                Map<String, Object> cacheEle = new HashMap<>();

                cacheEle.put("" + 2, "第" + 22222 + "个元素");

                cache.put(new Element(2 + "key", cacheEle));

                log.info("覆盖缓存元素->{},threadName->{}", 2 + "key", Thread.currentThread().getName());

                cache.flush();

            }

        }, "B").start();

        // 访问元素

        Thread.sleep(1 * 1000);

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("dynamic_cache");

                for (Object key : cache.getKeys()) {

                    log.info("获取缓存元素key->{},value->{},threadName->{}", new Object[] { key,

                            (Map) cache.get(key).getObjectValue(), Thread.currentThread().getName() });

                }

            }

        }, "C").start();

    }

}

结果:

2018-12-11 21:53:10 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 添加缓存->dynamic_cache,threadName->A
2018-12-11 21:53:11 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 添加缓存元素->{0=第0个元素},threadName->B
2018-12-11 21:53:11 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 添加缓存元素->{1=第1个元素},threadName->B
2018-12-11 21:53:11 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 添加缓存元素->{2=第2个元素},threadName->B
2018-12-11 21:53:11 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 添加缓存元素->{3=第3个元素},threadName->B
2018-12-11 21:53:11 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 添加缓存元素->{4=第4个元素},threadName->B
2018-12-11 21:53:11 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 覆盖缓存元素->2key,threadName->B
2018-12-11 21:53:12 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 获取缓存元素key->4key,value->{4=第4个元素},threadName->C
2018-12-11 21:53:12 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 获取缓存元素key->1key,value->{1=第1个元素},threadName->C
2018-12-11 21:53:12 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 获取缓存元素key->3key,value->{3=第3个元素},threadName->C
2018-12-11 21:53:12 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 获取缓存元素key->0key,value->{0=第0个元素},threadName->C
2018-12-11 21:53:12 [encache.SecondCache]-[INFO] 获取缓存元素key->2key,value->{2=第22222个元素},threadName->C

补充:自己封装的一个工具类以及简单的测试:

package ehcache;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;

import net.sf.ehcache.Element;

import net.sf.ehcache.config.CacheConfiguration;

import net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy;

public class EhcacheUtils {

    public static final String CACHE_NAME1 = "cache1";

    public static final String CACHE_NAME2 = "cache2";

    public static final int CACHE_ONE_HOUR = 1 * 60 * 60;

    public static final int CACHE_ONE_DAY = 24 * 60 * 60;

    private static CacheManager cacheManager = CacheManager.create();

    // 静态代码块创建缓存

    static {

        cacheManager.addCache(CACHE_NAME1);

        cacheManager.addCache(CACHE_NAME2);

        initCacheSettings(cacheManager.getCache(CACHE_NAME1));

        initCacheSettings(cacheManager.getCache(CACHE_NAME2));

    }

    private static void initCacheSettings(Cache cache) {

        CacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration = cache.getCacheConfiguration();

        cacheConfiguration.setTimeToIdleSeconds(8 * 60 * 60);

        cacheConfiguration.setTimeToLiveSeconds(24 * 60 * 60);

        // cacheConfiguration.setMaxElementsInMemory(4);

        // cacheConfiguration.setMaxElementsOnDisk(4);

        // cacheConfiguration.setName("cache_test_update");

        cacheConfiguration.setMemoryStoreEvictionPolicy("CLOCK");

    }

    private EhcacheUtils() {

    }

    // 1.增加元素

    /**

     * 向指定的缓存中增加元素

     *

     * @param cacheName

     *            缓存名称

     * @param key

     *            缓存的key

     * @param value

     *            缓存d值

     * @param seconds

     *            缓存的时间(秒)

     * @param override

     *            如果存在是否覆盖

     * @return

     */

    public static boolean addCache(String cacheName, String key, Object value, int seconds, boolean override) {

        try {

            Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);

            Object tmpValue = getValueByCacheKey(cacheName, key);

            if (tmpValue != null) {

                if (!override) {

                    return true;

                }

            }

            cache.put(new Element(key, value, false, 0, seconds));

            cache.flush();

            return true;

        } catch (Exception e) {

            return false;

        }

    }

    // 2.删除元素

    // 2.1删除单个元素

    /**

     * 删除单个元素

     *

     * @param cacheName

     *            缓存的名称

     * @param key

     *            缓存的key

     * @return

     */

    public static boolean removeCacheByKey(String cacheName, String key) {

        try {

            Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);

            cache.remove(key);

            return true;

        } catch (Exception e) {

            return false;

        }

    }

    // 2.2删除全部元素

    /**

     * 删除所有元素

     *

     * @param cacheName

     *            缓存名称

     * @return

     */

    public static boolean removeAllByCacheName(String cacheName) {

        try {

            Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);

            cache.removeAll();

            return true;

        } catch (Exception e) {

            return false;

        }

    }

    // 3.获取元素

    // 3.1获取单个元素

    /**

     * 获取单个元素

     *

     * @param cacheName

     *            缓存名称

     * @param key

     *            缓存的key

     * @return

     */

    public static Object getValueByCacheKey(String cacheName, String key) {

        try {

            Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);

            Element element = cache.get(key);

            return element == null ? null : element.getObjectValue();

        } catch (Exception e) {

            return null;

        }

    }

    // 3.1获取全部元素

    /**

     * 获取所有缓存d元素

     *

     * @param cacheName

     *            缓存的名称

     * @return

     */

    public static List<Object> getAllValuesByCacheName(String cacheName) {

        List<Object> result = new ArrayList<Object>();

        try {

            Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);

            for (Object key : cache.getKeys()) {

                Element element = cache.get(key);

                result.add(element.getObjectValue());

            }

            return result;

        } catch (Exception e) {

            return result;

        }

    }

    // 4.获取配置

    public static Map<String, String> getConfigurations(String cacheName) {

        Map<String, String> results = new HashMap<String, String>();

        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);

        CacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration = cache.getCacheConfiguration();

        MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy policy = cacheConfiguration.getMemoryStoreEvictionPolicy();

        results.put("timeToIdleSeconds", String.valueOf(cacheConfiguration.getTimeToIdleSeconds()));

        results.put("timeToLiveSeconds", String.valueOf(cacheConfiguration.getTimeToLiveSeconds()));

        results.put("maxElementsInMemory", String.valueOf(cacheConfiguration.getMaxElementsInMemory()));

        results.put("policy", policy.toString());

        return results;

    }

}

ehcache.xml

<ehcache updateCheck="false" dynamicConfig="true">

    <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>  

    <defaultCache

        maxElementsInMemory="1000"

        eternal="false"

        overflowToDisk="true"

        timeToIdleSeconds="120"

        timeToLiveSeconds="120"

        diskPersistent="false"

        diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"

        memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"

    />

</ehcache>

测试代码:

        List<String> cache1 = new ArrayList<>();

        cache1.add("111");

        cache1.add("222");

        EhcacheUtils.addCache(EhcacheUtils.CACHE_NAME1, "cache1", cache1, EhcacheUtils.CACHE_ONE_HOUR, false);

        String cache2 = "cache2";

        EhcacheUtils.addCache(EhcacheUtils.CACHE_NAME1, "cache2", cache2, EhcacheUtils.CACHE_ONE_HOUR, false);

        Map cache3 = new HashMap();

        cache3.put("1", "111222");

        cache3.put("2", "111222333");

        EhcacheUtils.addCache(EhcacheUtils.CACHE_NAME1, "cache3", cache3, EhcacheUtils.CACHE_ONE_HOUR, false);

        Map valueByCacheKey = (Map) EhcacheUtils.getValueByCacheKey(EhcacheUtils.CACHE_NAME1, "cache3");

        System.out.println(valueByCacheKey);

        EhcacheUtils.removeCacheByKey(EhcacheUtils.CACHE_NAME1, "cache2");

        List<Object> allValuesByCacheName = EhcacheUtils.getAllValuesByCacheName(EhcacheUtils.CACHE_NAME1);

        for (Object obj : allValuesByCacheName) {

            System.out.println(obj);

        }

        Map<String, String> configurations = EhcacheUtils.getConfigurations(EhcacheUtils.CACHE_NAME1);

        System.out.println(configurations);

结果:(线程也没有停止)

采用JVisualVM查看线程信息: (主线程结束了，但是仍然有ehcache创建的用户线程，有3个用户线程----创建CacheManager的时候会创建一个守护线程Statisxxxx，每次创建一个cache的时候也会创建一个用户线程 cacheName.data)

源代码跟踪解释线程:

(1)在  调用CacheManager cacheManager = CacheManager.create();   创建CacheManager的时候创建一个守护线程Statistics thread-_default_-1  统计线程

    public CacheManager(String configurationFileName) throws CacheException {

        status = Status.STATUS_UNINITIALISED;

        init(null, configurationFileName, null, null);

    }

init中调用doInit(...)

doInit(...)创建线程(用到线程池进行周期性调用---此线程是一个守护线程)

        statisticsExecutor = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(

          Integer.getInteger("net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager.statisticsExecutor.poolSize", 1) ,

          new ThreadFactory() {

             private AtomicInteger cnt = new AtomicInteger(0);

             @Override

             public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {

                Thread t = new Thread(r, "Statistics Thread-" + getName() + "-" + cnt.incrementAndGet());

                t.setDaemon(true);

                return t;

             }

          });

(2)在调用cacheManager.addCache("cache1");的时候创建一个用户线程:cache1.data (所以主线程结束，此线程也没有结束，进程也没有结束)

　　　　　　　　...这个代码暂时没有根出来，只是根到调用此方法后创建了一个用户线程

最完美的就是再写一个key生成器，KeyGenerator可以参考下面代码:

package cn.xm.jwxt.utils;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**

 * @Author: qlq

 * @Description

 * @Date: 22:49 2018/3/25

 */

public class KeyGenerator implements org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator {

    @Override

    public Object generate(Object o, Method method, Object... params) {

        //规定  本类名+方法名+参数名 为key

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        sb.append(o.getClass().getName());

        sb.append(method.getName());

        for (Object param : params) {

            sb.append(param.toString());

        }

        return sb.toString();

    }

}

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