使用jsonpath解析json内容
JsonPath提供的json解析非常强大,它提供了类似正则表达式的语法,基本上可以满足所有你想要获得的json内容。下面我把官网介绍的每个表达式用代码实现,可以更直观的知道该怎么用它。
一.首先需要依赖的jar包
二.因为编译的时候会报log4j的警报,所以需要在项目的src目录下新建log4j.properties文件,内容如下:
log4j.rootLogger=WARN, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
三.准备一个json文本
- {
- "store": {
- "book": [
- {
- "category": "reference",
- "author": "Nigel Rees",
- "title": "Sayings of the Century",
- "price": 8.95
- },
- {
- "category": "fiction",
- "author": "Evelyn Waugh",
- "title": "Sword of Honour",
- "price": 12.99
- },
- {
- "category": "fiction",
- "author": "Herman Melville",
- "title": "Moby Dick",
- "isbn": "0-553-21311-3",
- "price": 8.99
- },
- {
- "category": "fiction",
- "author": "J. R. R. Tolkien",
- "title": "The Lord of the Rings",
- "isbn": "0-395-19395-8",
- "price": 22.99
- }
- ],
- "bicycle": {
- "color": "red",
- "price": 19.95
- }
- },
- "expensive": 10
- }
四.我们从代码中分析用法,代码如下
- package com.jsonpath;
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.FileReader;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import net.minidev.json.JSONArray;
- import com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration;
- import com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath;
- import com.jayway.jsonpath.ReadContext;
- /**
- * @author QiaoJiafei
- * @version 创建时间:2016年3月2日 下午3:37:42
- * 类说明
- */
- public class TestJsonPath {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- String sjson = readtxt();
- //String sjson = "{\"store\": {\"book\": [{\"category\": \"reference\",\"author\": \"Nigel Rees\",\"title\": \"Sayings of the Century\",\"price\": 8.95},{\"category\": \"fiction\",\"author\": \"Evelyn Waugh\",\"title\": \"Sword of Honour\",\"price\": 12.99},{\"category\": \"fiction\",\"author\": \"Herman Melville\",\"title\": \"Moby Dick\",\"isbn\": \"0-553-21311-3\",\"price\": 8.99},{\"category\": \"fiction\",\"author\": \"J. R. R. Tolkien\",\"title\": \"The Lord of the Rings\",\"isbn\": \"0-395-19395-8\",\"price\": 22.99}],\"bicycle\": {\"color\": \"red\",\"price\": 19.95}},\"expensive\": 10}";
- /*
- print("--------------------------------------getJsonValue0--------------------------------------");
- getJsonValue0(sjson);
- print("--------------------------------------getJsonValue1--------------------------------------");
- getJsonValue1(sjson);
- print("--------------------------------------getJsonValue2--------------------------------------");
- getJsonValue2(sjson);
- print("--------------------------------------getJsonValue3--------------------------------------");
- getJsonValue3(sjson);
- print("--------------------------------------getJsonValue4--------------------------------------");
- getJsonValue4(sjson);
- */
- print("--------------------------------------getJsonValue--------------------------------------");
- getJsonValue(sjson);
- }
- private static String readtxt() {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
- try {
- FileReader fr = new FileReader("D:/workspace/PressureTest/json.txt");
- BufferedReader bfd = new BufferedReader(fr);
- String s = "";
- while((s=bfd.readLine())!=null) {
- sb.append(s);
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(sb.toString());
- return sb.toString();
- }
- private static void getJsonValue(String json) {
- //The authors of all books:获取json中store下book下的所有author值
- List<String> authors1 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[*].author");
- //All authors:获取所有json中所有author的值
- List<String> authors2 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..author");
- //All things, both books and bicycles //authors3返回的是net.minidev.json.JSONArray:获取json中store下的所有value值,不包含key,如key有两个,book和bicycle
- List<Object> authors3 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.*");
- //The price of everything:获取json中store下所有price的值
- List<Object> authors4 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store..price");
- //The third book:获取json中book数组的第3个值
- List<Object> authors5 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[2]");
- //The first two books:获取json中book数组的第1和第2两个个值
- List<Object> authors6 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[0,1]");
- //All books from index 0 (inclusive) until index 2 (exclusive):获取json中book数组的前两个区间值
- List<Object> authors7 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[:2]");
- //All books from index 1 (inclusive) until index 2 (exclusive):获取json中book数组的第2个值
- List<Object> authors8 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[1:2]");
- //Last two books:获取json中book数组的最后两个值
- List<Object> authors9 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[-2:]");
- //Book number two from tail:获取json中book数组的第3个到最后一个的区间值
- List<Object> authors10 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[2:]");
- //All books with an ISBN number:获取json中book数组中包含isbn的所有值
- List<Object> authors11 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.isbn)]");
- //All books in store cheaper than 10:获取json中book数组中price<10的所有值
- List<Object> authors12 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[?(@.price < 10)]");
- //All books in store that are not "expensive":获取json中book数组中price<=expensive的所有值
- List<Object> authors13 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.price <= $['expensive'])]");
- //All books matching regex (ignore case):获取json中book数组中的作者以REES结尾的所有值(REES不区分大小写)
- List<Object> authors14 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.author =~ /.*REES/i)]");
- //Give me every thing:逐层列出json中的所有值,层级由外到内
- List<Object> authors15 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..*");
- //The number of books:获取json中book数组的长度
- List<Object> authors16 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book.length()");
- print("**************authors1**************");
- print(authors1);
- print("**************authors2**************");
- print(authors2);
- print("**************authors3**************");
- printOb(authors3);
- print("**************authors4**************");
- printOb(authors4);
- print("**************authors5**************");
- printOb(authors5);
- print("**************authors6**************");
- printOb(authors6);
- print("**************authors7**************");
- printOb(authors7);
- print("**************authors8**************");
- printOb(authors8);
- print("**************authors9**************");
- printOb(authors9);
- print("**************authors10**************");
- printOb(authors10);
- print("**************authors11**************");
- printOb(authors11);
- print("**************authors12**************");
- printOb(authors12);
- print("**************authors13**************");
- printOb(authors13);
- print("**************authors14**************");
- printOb(authors14);
- print("**************authors15**************");
- printOb(authors15);
- print("**************authors16**************");
- printOb(authors16);
- }
- /**
- * 读取json的一种写法,得到匹配表达式的所有值
- * */
- private static void getJsonValue0(String json) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- List<String> authors = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[*].author");
- //System.out.println(authors.size());
- print(authors);
- }
- /**
- * 读取json的一种写法,得到某个具体值
- * */
- private static void getJsonValue1(String json) {
- Object document = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(json);
- String author0 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[0].author");
- String author1 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[1].author");
- print(author0);
- print(author1);
- }
- /**
- * 读取json的一种写法
- * */
- private static void getJsonValue2(String json) {
- ReadContext ctx = JsonPath.parse(json);
- List<String> authorsOfBooksWithISBN = ctx.read("$.store.book[?(@.isbn)].author");
- List<Map<String, Object>> expensiveBooks = JsonPath
- .using(Configuration.defaultConfiguration())
- .parse(json)
- .read("$.store.book[?(@.price > 10)]", List.class);
- print(authorsOfBooksWithISBN);
- print("****************Map****************");
- printListMap(expensiveBooks);
- }
- /**
- *读取json的一种写法
- *得到的值是一个String,所以不能用List存储
- * */
- private static void getJsonValue3(String json) {
- //Will throw an java.lang.ClassCastException
- //List<String> list = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author");
- //由于会抛异常,暂时注释上面一行,要用的话,应使用下面的格式
- //Works fine
- String author = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author");
- print(author);
- }
- /**
- *读取json的一种写法
- *支持逻辑表达式,&&和||
- * */
- private static void getJsonValue4(String json) {
- List<Map<String, Object>> books1 = JsonPath.parse(json)
- .read("$.store.book[?(@.price < 10 && @.category == 'fiction')]");
- List<Map<String, Object>> books2 = JsonPath.parse(json)
- .read("$.store.book[?(@.category == 'reference' || @.price > 10)]");
- print("****************books1****************");
- printListMap(books1);
- print("****************books2****************");
- printListMap(books1);
- }
- private static void print(List<String> list) {
- for(Iterator<String> it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
- System.out.println(it.next());
- }
- }
- private static void printOb(List<Object> list) {
- for(Iterator<Object> it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
- print("****");
- System.out.println(it.next());
- }
- }
- private static void printListMap(List<Map<String, Object>> list) {
- for(Iterator<Map<String, Object>> it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
- Map<String, Object> map = it.next();
- print("****");
- for(Iterator iterator =map.entrySet().iterator();iterator.hasNext();) {
- System.out.println(iterator.next());
- }
- }
- }
- private static void print(String s) {
- System.out.println(s);
- }
- }
1.首先我们看getJsonValue()这个方法的输出结果:
- --------------------------------------getJsonValue--------------------------------------
- **************authors1**************
- Nigel Rees
- Evelyn Waugh
- Herman Melville
- J. R. R. Tolkien
- **************authors2**************
- Nigel Rees
- Evelyn Waugh
- Herman Melville
- J. R. R. Tolkien
- **************authors3**************
- [{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}]
- {color=red, price=19.95}
- **************authors4**************
- 8.95
- 12.99
- 8.99
- 22.99
- 19.95
- **************authors5**************
- {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
- **************authors6**************
- {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
- {category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99}
- **************authors7**************
- {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
- {category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99}
- **************authors8**************
- {category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99}
- **************authors9**************
- {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
- {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}
- **************authors10**************
- {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
- {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}
- **************authors11**************
- {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
- {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}
- **************authors12**************
- {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
- {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
- **************authors13**************
- {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
- {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
- **************authors14**************
- {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
- **************authors15**************
- {book=[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}], bicycle={color=red, price=19.95}}
- 10
- [{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}]
- {color=red, price=19.95}
- {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
- {category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99}
- {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
- {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}
- reference
- Nigel Rees
- Sayings of the Century
- 8.95
- fiction
- Evelyn Waugh
- Sword of Honour
- 12.99
- fiction
- Herman Melville
- Moby Dick
- 0-553-21311-3
- 8.99
- fiction
- J. R. R. Tolkien
- The Lord of the Rings
- 0-395-19395-8
- 22.99
- red
- 19.95
- **************authors16**************
- 4
2.然后看getJsonValue0()、getJsonValue1()、getJsonValue2()、getJsonValue3()、getJsonValue4()的输出结果
- --------------------------------------getJsonValue0--------------------------------------
- Nigel Rees
- Evelyn Waugh
- Herman Melville
- J. R. R. Tolkien
- --------------------------------------getJsonValue1--------------------------------------
- Nigel Rees
- Evelyn Waugh
- --------------------------------------getJsonValue2--------------------------------------
- Herman Melville
- J. R. R. Tolkien
- ****************Map****************
- ****
- category=fiction
- author=Evelyn Waugh
- title=Sword of Honour
- price=12.99
- ****
- category=fiction
- author=J. R. R. Tolkien
- title=The Lord of the Rings
- isbn=0-395-19395-8
- price=22.99
- --------------------------------------getJsonValue3--------------------------------------
- Nigel Rees
- --------------------------------------getJsonValue4--------------------------------------
- ****************books1****************
- ****
- category=fiction
- author=Herman Melville
- title=Moby Dick
- isbn=0-553-21311-3
- price=8.99
- ****************books2****************
- ****
- category=fiction
- author=Herman Melville
- title=Moby Dick
- isbn=0-553-21311-3
- price=8.99
3.相应的解释已经在代码中注释,更多的用法详见官网链接:https://github.com/jayway/JsonPath
4.如果只是想简单的处理json,也可以使用JSONObject和JSONArray,具体用法详见我的这篇文章:http://www.cnblogs.com/qiaoyeye/p/4730930.html
----------更新2016年08月19日10:06:09-------
You can use &&
and ||
to combine multiple predicates [?(@.price < 10 && @.category == 'fiction')]
, [?(@.category == 'reference' || @.price > 10)]
这个好厉害,可以这样用
JsonPath.read(json, "$..farePrices[?(@.priceType == 'SalePrice' && @.passengerType == 'ADULT')].amount");
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