ansible自动化运维常用模块

  常用模块实现的功能:安装软件包;修改配置文件;创建程序用户组;创建目录,并修改所属和权限;挂载;启动服务;测试。

    command模块:

    shell模块:

注意:command和shell模块功能类似,均不支持别名(命令),区别:command只能使用一条指令,shell可以使用管道!

    

    例子1:     

      [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m shell -a "df -h|grep /$"
      192.168.132.163 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
      /dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 4.5G 13G 26% /

      192.168.132.162 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
      /dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 4.4G 13G 26% /

例子2:  统一创建test11用户名,并且修改密码为123.

      [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m shell -a "useradd test11"
      192.168.132.162 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>

      192.168.132.163 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>

      [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m shell -a "echo 123|passwd --stdin test11"
      192.168.132.163 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
      Changing password for user oldboy.
      passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

      192.168.132.162 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
      Changing password for user oldboy.
      passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

    拓展模块:chdir模块,creates模块

      chdir模块是操作前切换目录,切换后的操作都会在切换后的目录下进行,比如切换创建文件,那么这个文件就会创建在切换后的目录下。

      例子:

        ansible主机:在客户端/tmp目录下创建文件test01

          [root@host1 ~]# ansible 192.168.132.162 -m command -a "chdir=/tmp touch test01"

        客户端(被控端):          

          [root@host2 tmp]# ll
          -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 10 08:59 test01

    creates模块:创建文件,如果文件存在就略过此操作

      例子:创建文件test02在远程客户端192.168.132.162/tmp/目录下,如果存在则略过此操作

        [root@host1 ~]# ansible 192.168.132.162 -m command -a "creates=/tmp/t1  chdir=/tmp touch test02"

    yum模块:

      

      例子:安装httpd服务

          

[root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m yum -a "name=httpd state=installed"
192.168.132.163 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"changes": {
"installed": [
"httpd"
]
},
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn\n * extras: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn\n * updates: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-90.el7.centos for package: httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n httpd x86_64 2.4.6-90.el7.centos base 2.7 M\nInstalling for dependencies:\n httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-90.el7.centos base 91 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)\n\nTotal download size: 2.8 M\nInstalled size: 9.5 M\nDownloading packages:\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nTotal 532 kB/s | 2.8 MB 00:05 \nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Installing : httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n\nInstalled:\n httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos \n\nDependency Installed:\n httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos \n\nComplete!\n"
]
}
192.168.132.162 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"changes": {
"installed": [
"httpd"
]
},
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirror.lzu.edu.cn\n * extras: mirror.lzu.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.lzu.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-90.el7.centos for package: httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n httpd x86_64 2.4.6-90.el7.centos base 2.7 M\nInstalling for dependencies:\n httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-90.el7.centos base 91 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)\n\nTotal download size: 2.8 M\nInstalled size: 9.5 M\nDownloading packages:\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nTotal 249 kB/s | 2.8 MB 00:11 \nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Installing : httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n\nInstalled:\n httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos \n\nDependency Installed:\n httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos \n\nComplete!\n"
]
}

    copy模块:

      

      例子1: 批量推送(复制)本地hosts文件给远端,并且备份远端源文件。         

[root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m copy -a "src=/etc/hosts dest=/etc/hosts backup=yes"
192.168.132.162 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"backup_file": "/etc/hosts.15364.2019-10-10@15:14:09~",
"changed": true,
"checksum": "35e756c648782271a53cef2b3f6da3058831d44f",
"dest": "/etc/hosts",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "16f49d9e42dd5c20906f11c0a76b8626",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"size": 224,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1570691646.54-3936729023517/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
192.168.132.163 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"backup_file": "/etc/hosts.29478.2019-10-10@15:14:09~",
"changed": true,
"checksum": "35e756c648782271a53cef2b3f6da3058831d44f",
"dest": "/etc/hosts",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "16f49d9e42dd5c20906f11c0a76b8626",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"size": 224,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1570691646.58-21560942432423/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}

      例子2:批量向远端添加rsync认证文件。

[root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m copy -a "content='rsync_backup:1' dest=/etc/rsync.password owner=root group=root mode=600"
192.168.132.162 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "c6e45d8d2843493d4eb37947d3a9f8df32079196",
"dest": "/etc/rsync.password",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "70a0afc63f084920453ac5ac3e2d733f",
"mode": "0600",
"owner": "root",
"size": 14,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1570692587.41-43388984791069/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
192.168.132.163 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "c6e45d8d2843493d4eb37947d3a9f8df32079196",
"dest": "/etc/rsync.password",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "70a0afc63f084920453ac5ac3e2d733f",
"mode": "0600",
"owner": "root",
"size": 14,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1570692587.47-144328961636524/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}  

    service模块:

      

      例子1:批量启动httpd服务,并且开启httpd服务开机自启动。        

        [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m service -a "name=httpd state=started enabled=yes"

      例子2:批量修改httpd服务首页页面内容为welcome to rybtest.

        [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m copy -a "content='welcome to rybtest' dest=/var/www/html/index.html"

          

    group模块:

      

      例子1:批量添加组名www,并且设置gid为666.

        [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m group -a "name=www gid=666"

      例子2:批量修改组的gid为888

        [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m group -a "name=www gid=888"

      例子3:批量删除www组

        [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m group -a "name=www gid=888 state=absent" 

    user模块:

      

        注意:user模块在centos7执行可能有点问题,研究待定!!!

        例子1:批量创建用户test01,指定uid 60000,gid 666,并设置密码为123456。          

         例子2:创建一个程序用户www,指定uid 666,gid 666. 不让登陆,不创建家目录。

    file模块:

      

        例子1:创建目录 /data02和/backup,属主666,属组666,递归。

          [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m file -a "path=/data02 owner=666 group=666 recurse=yes state=directory"

          例子2:创建文件 /etc/rsync.password,权限600。          

          [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m file -a "path=/etc/rsync.password state=touch mode=600"

          例子3:对/etc/hosts做软连接,到/tmp/hosts.

          [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m file -a "src=/etc/hosts path=/tmp/hosts state=link"

        file模块小总结:file模块仅适合创建目录,修改所属和权限,创建链接,除了这些操作的其他文件管理都通过copy模块实现。

    mount模块:

      

        例4:创建多级目录/data1/test1,并且设置目录所有者,所属组。

          ansible主机如下操作:

            [root@host1 ~]# ansible 192.168.132.162 -m file -a "dest=/data1/test1 owner=www group=www state=directory"

          去客户端主机查看:            

            [root@host2 test01]# ll /data1/
            total 0
            drwxr-xr-x 2 www www 6 Dec 11 15:46 test1

        例子:通过nfs实现网络文件的共享

          1)安装nfs

          [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m yum  -a "name=nfs-utils state=installed"

          2)启动服务

          [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m service -a "name=rpcbind state=started"

          [root@host1 ~]# ansible test1 -m service -a "name=nfs state=started"

          3)修改配置文件

          4)创建目录,用户,并修改所属

          5)重载配置文件

      

            

ansible自动化运维03的更多相关文章

  1. Ansible自动化运维工具-上

    [Ansible特点] 1)Ansible与saltstack均是基于Python语言开发的 2)安装使用简单,基于不同插件和模块实现各种软件,平台,版本的管理以及支持虚拟容器多层级的部署 3)不需要 ...

  2. ansible 自动化运维

    Ansible 自动化运维 ansible安装epel #yum list all *ansible*#yum install *ansible*#yum info ansible#rpm -ql a ...

  3. Ansible 自动化运维工具

    Ansible 自动化运维工具 Ansible是什么? Ansible是一个"配置管理工具"也是一个"自动化运维工具" Ansible 作用: Ansible是 ...

  4. 简单聊一聊Ansible自动化运维

    一.Ansible概述 Ansible是今年来越来越火的一款开源运维自动化工具,通过Ansible可以实现运维自动化,提高运维工程师的工作效率,减少人为失误.Ansible通过本身集成的非常丰富的模块 ...

  5. Ansible自动化运维工具的使用

                                 Ansible自动化运维工具的使用       host lnventory 管理主机 ip  root账号密码 ssh端口 core mod ...

  6. Ansible 自动化运维——剧本(playbook)

    Ansible 自动化运维--剧本(playbook) 1.playbook介绍: playbook是ansible用于配置,部署,和管理被控节点的剧本.通过playbook的详细描述,执行其中的ta ...

  7. Ansible自动化运维工具及其常用模块

    Ansible自动化运维工具及其常用模块 目录 Ansible自动化运维工具及其常用模块 一.Ansible简介 1. Ansible概述 2. Ansible作用 3. Ansible的工作模块 4 ...

  8. 一文详解 Ansible 自动化运维

    开源Linux 一个执着于技术的公众号 一.Ansible 概述 Ansible 是近年来越来越火的一款开源运维自动化工具,通过Ansible可以实现运维自动化,提高运维工程师的工作效率,减少人为失误 ...

  9. Ansible自动化运维工具

    ansible软件介绍 python语言是运维人员必会的语言!  ansible是一个基于Python开发的自动化运维工具!(saltstack)  其功能实现基于SSH远程连接服务!  ans ...

随机推荐

  1. Salesforce 自定义元数据类型

    自定义元数据类型的优点 Salesforce中的设定都是以元数据(Metadata)存在的.在Salesforce中,用户可以新建自定义对象.自定义字段等,这些数据结构都以元数据的形式存储在系统中.当 ...

  2. minio select api 试用

    对于minio 我们可以使用基于sql 的对象内容查询,特别适合进行特定文件内容的获取,强大方便. 以下是一个简单的试用 环境准备 集成了prometheus docker-compose 文件   ...

  3. Educational Codeforces Round 57 (Rated for Div. 2) D dp

    https://codeforces.com/contest/1096/problem/D 题意 给一个串s,删掉一个字符的代价为a[i],问使得s的子串不含"hard"的最小代价 ...

  4. 第03组 Beta版本演示

    队名:不等式方程组 组长博客 组员 340 张逸杰 组长 304 苏凯婷 312 鲍冰如 320 陈荣杰 331 杨锦镔 335 王嵚 336 林家伟 341 黄彬煌 342 黄智锋 343 吴智勇 ...

  5. B1047 编程团体赛 (20 分)

    一.参考代码 #include<iostream> #include<cstring> using namespace std; int hashTable[1010]; in ...

  6. Linux性能优化实战学习笔记:第八讲

    一.环境准备 1.在第6节的基础上安装dstat wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/dstat-0.7.2-12.el ...

  7. [LeetCode] 663. Equal Tree Partition 划分等价树

    Given a binary tree with n nodes, your task is to check if it's possible to partition the tree to tw ...

  8. java导出标题多行且合并单元格的EXCEL

    场景:项目中遇到有需要导出Excel的需求,并且是多行标题且有合并单元格的,参考网上的文章,加上自己的理解,封装成了可自由扩展的导出工具 先上效果,再贴代码: 调用工具类进行导出: public st ...

  9. pytorch的state_dict()拷贝问题

    先说结论,model.state_dict()是浅拷贝,返回的参数仍然会随着网络的训练而变化.应该使用deepcopy(model.state_dict()),或将参数及时序列化到硬盘. 再讲故事,前 ...

  10. oracle--表空间故障

    一,错误问题描述 ERROR: ORA: cannot identify - see DBWR trace file ORA: data : '/u01/oracle/TEST/oratmp01/te ...