Python全栈开发：选课系统实例

程序目录：

1. bin文件夹下为可执行文件：administrator，students
2. config文件夹下为设置文件，涉及系统参数配置：setting
3. db文件夹为数据类文件，涉及系统的输入输出数据：admin,students
4. lib文件夹下为公用模块文件
5. log为日志文件夹

• bin文件夹

1. administrator

   #!/usr/bin/env python
   # -*- coding;utf-8 -*-
    
   import random
   import time
   import pickle
   import os
   import sys
   from config import settings
   from lib import models
   from lib.models import *
   sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    
   def create_course(admin_obj):
       teacher_list = pickle.load(open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, "rb"))
       for num, item in enumerate(teacher_list, 1):
           print(num, item.name, item.age, item.create_time, item.create_admin.username)
       Course_list = []
       while True:
           name = input("请选择课程名称...：")
           if name == "q":
               break
           cost = input("请选择课时费...：")
           if cost == "q":
               break
           num = input("选择老师（序号）：")
           if num == "q":
               break
           obj = models.Course(name, cost, teacher_list[int(num) - 1], admin_obj)
           Course_list.append(obj)
    
       if os.path.exists(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR):
           exists_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, "rb"))
           Course_list.extend(exists_list)
       pickle.dump(Course_list, open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, "wb"))
    
   def create_teacher(admin_obj):
       teacher_list = []
       while True:
           teacher_name = input("请输入老师姓名(q表示退出)：")
           if teacher_name == "q":
               break
           teacher_age = input("请输入老师年龄：")
           obj = models.Teacher(teacher_name, teacher_age, admin_obj)
           teacher_list.append(obj)
       if os.path.exists(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR):
           exists_list = pickle.load(open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, "rb"))
           teacher_list.extend(exists_list)
       pickle.dump(teacher_list, open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, "wb"))
    
   def login(user, pwd):
       if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user)):
           # 从文件中将管理员对象读取出来（里面封装了用户信息以及提供了登录方法）
           admin_obj = pickle.load(open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user), "rb"))
           if admin_obj.login(user, pwd):
               print("登陆成功！")
               while True:
                   se1 = input("1、创建老师；2、创建课程；(q表示退出)\n>>>")
                   if se1 == '1':
                       create_teacher(admin_obj)
                   elif se1 == '2':
                       create_course(admin_obj)
                   elif se1 == "q":
                       break
               return 2
           else:
               return 1
       else:
           return 0
    
   def register(user, pwd):
       admin_obj = models.Admin()
       admin_obj.register(user, pwd)
    
   def main():
       inp = input("1、管理员登录；2、管理员注册;(q表示退出) \n>>>")
       while True:
           if inp == "1":
               user = input("请输入用户名：")
               pwd = input("请输入密码：")
               ret = login(user, pwd)
               if ret == 1:
                   print("用户名或密码错误！")
               elif ret == 0:
                   print("用户不存在！")
               elif ret == 2:
                   print("退出成功！")
                   break
           elif inp == "2":
               user = input("请输入用户名：")
               pwd = input("请输入密码：")
               register(user, pwd)
               print("注册成功!")
           elif inp == "q":
               print("退出成功!")
               break
    
   if __name__ == "__main__":
       main()

2. students

   #!/usr/bin/env python
   # -*- coding;utf-8 -*-
   import random
   import time
   from lib import models
   import os
   import sys
   import pickle
   from config import settings
   from lib.models import Course, Admin, Teacher
   sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    
   def course_info(student_obj):
       course_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, "rb"))
       for num, item in enumerate(student_obj.course_list, 1):
           print(num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher_obj.name)
    
   def select_course(student_obj):
       """
       学生选课
       :param student_obj:
       :return:
       """
       course_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, "rb"))
       for num, item in enumerate(course_list, 1):
           print(num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher_obj.name)
       while True:
           num = input("请选择课程（q退出）\n>>>")
           if num == "q":
               break
           select_course_obj = course_list[int(num) - 1]
           if select_course_obj not in student_obj.course_list:
               student_obj.course_list.append(select_course_obj)
       pickle.dump(student_obj, open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, student_obj.username), "wb"))
    
   def register(user, pwd):
       """
       学生注册
       :param user:
       :param pwd:
       :return:
       """
       obj = models.Students()
       obj.register(user, pwd)
    
   def login(user, pwd):
       """
       学生登录
       :param user:
       :param pwd:
       :return:
       """
       if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user)):
           student_obj = pickle.load(open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user), "rb"))
           while True:
               if student_obj.login(user, pwd):
                   inp = input("1、选课；2、上课；3、查看课程信息（q表示退出！）\n>>>")
                   if inp == "1":
                       select_course(student_obj)
                   elif inp == "3":
                       course_info(student_obj)
                   elif inp == '2':
                       pass
                   elif inp == 'q':
                       break
               else:
                   print("用户名或密码错误!")
                   return 1
       else:
           print("用户不存在")
           return 0
    
   def main():
       inp = input("1、登录；2、注册；\n>>>")
       user = input("请输入用户名：\n>>>")
       pwd = input("请输入密码：\n>>>")
       if inp == "1":
           ret = login(user, pwd)
       elif inp == '2':
           ret = register(user, pwd)
           if ret:
               print("注册成功!")
    
   if __name__ == "__main__":
       main()

• config配置文件

  #!/usr/bin/env python
  # -*- coding;utf-8 -*-
  import os
   
  BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
   
  BASE_ADMIN_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "admin")
   
  BASE_STUDENTS_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "students")
   
  TEACHER_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "teacher_list")
   
  COURSE_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "course_list")
   
  LOG_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "log")

• db数据文件：用来存放管理员和学生的注册用户名密码，以及选课开课信息。注意：开课信息和学生选课信息不能混淆，注意存放路径
• lib公用模块文件

  #!/usr/bin/env python
  # -*- coding;utf-8 -*-
  import random
  import time
  import pickle
  import os
  from config import settings
   
  class Teacher:
      """
      封装老师的相关信息
      """
      def __init__(self, name, age, admin):
          self.name = name
          self.age = age
          self.__assets = 0
          self.create_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
          self.create_admin = admin
   
      def gain(self, cost):
          """
          增加资产
          :param cost: 增加的数量
          :return: 收入
          """
          self.__assets += cost
   
      def decrease(self, cost):
          """
          减少资产
          :param cost: 减少的数量
          :return: 收入
          """
          self.__assets -= cost
   
  class Admin:
      """
      封装管理员的信息
      """
      def __init__(self):
          self.username = None
          self.password = None
   
      def login(self, user, pwd):
          """
          管理员登录
          :param user: 用户名
          :param pwd: 密码
          :return:
          """
          if self.username == user and self.password == pwd:
              return True
          else:
              return False
   
      def register(self, user, pwd):
          """
          管理员注册
          :param user:
          :param pwd:
          :return:
          """
          self.username = user
          self.password = pwd
   
          path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, self.username)
   
          pickle.dump(self, open(path, "xb"))
          return True
   
  class Course:
      """
      课程相关信息
      """
      def __init__(self, course_name, cost, teacher_obj, admin ):
          self.course_name = course_name
          self.cost = cost
          self.teacher_obj = teacher_obj
          self.create_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
          self.create_admin = admin
   
      def have_lesson(self):
          """
          课程上课，自动给相关联的任课老师增加课时费
          :return: 课程内容返回给上课者
          """
          self.teacher.gain(self.cost)
          content = random.randrange(10, 100)
   
  class Students:
      """
      学生相关信息
      """
      def __init__(self):
          self.username = None
          self.password = None
          self.course_list = []
          self.study_dict = {}
   
      def select_course(self,course_obj):
          """
          学生选课
          :param course_obj:
          :return:
          """
          self.course_list.append(course_obj)
   
      def study(self,course_obj):
          """
          学生上课
          :param course_obj:
          :return:
          """
          class_result = course_obj.have_lesson()
          if course_obj in self.study_dict.keys():
              self.study_dict[course_obj].append(class_result)
          else:
              self.study_dict[course_obj] = [class_result,]
   
      def login(self, user, pwd):
          """
          学生登录
          :param user:
          :param pwd:
          :return:
          """
          if self.username == user and self.password == pwd:
              return True
          else:
              return False
   
      def register(self, user, pwd):
          """
          学生注册
          :param user:
          :param pwd:
          :return:
          """
          self.username = user
          self.password = pwd
   
          path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, self.username)
          try:
              pickle.dump(self, open(path, "xb"))
          except Exception as f:
              return False
          else:
              return True

• 日志文件：保存系统相关操作记录