用QEMU模拟运行uboot从SD卡启动Linux
一、编译uboot
- make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- vexpress_ca9x4_defconfig
- make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- menuconfig
- make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- -j8
二、编译linux内核
- cross_compile=arm-linux-gnueabihf-
- make CROSS_COMPILE=$cross_compile ARCH=arm vexpress_defconfig
- make CROSS_COMPILE=$cross_compile ARCH=arm menuconfig
- make CROSS_COMPILE=$cross_compile ARCH=arm zImage -j4
- make CROSS_COMPILE=$cross_compile ARCH=arm dtbs
三、制作SD卡镜像
- dd if=/dev/zero of=uboot.disk bs=1M count=
- sgdisk -n ::+10M -c :kernel uboot.disk
- sgdisk -n :: -c :rootfs uboot.disk
- $ sgdisk -p uboot.disk
- Disk uboot.disk: sectors, 1024.0 MiB
- Sector size (logical): bytes
- Disk identifier (GUID): 04963A5B-34CF-4DEE-B610-F40257C45F6D
- Partition table holds up to entries
- Main partition table begins at sector and ends at sector
- First usable sector is , last usable sector is
- Partitions will be aligned on -sector boundaries
- Total free space is sectors (1007.0 KiB)
- Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
- 10.0 MiB kernel
- 1013.0 MiB rootfs
- $ losetup -f
- /dev/loop16
- sudo losetup /dev/loop16 uboot.disk
- sudo partprobe /dev/loop16
- sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/loop16p1
- sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/loop16p2
- sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/loop16p1 p1/
- sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/loop16p2 p2/
- sudo cp linux-4.14./arch/arm/boot/zImage p1/
- sudo cp linux-4.14./arch/arm/boot/dts/vexpress-v2*.dtb p1/
- sudo cp -raf ../rootfs/rootfs/* ./p2
- sudo umount p1 p2
- sudo losetup -d /dev/loop16
四、启动uboot
- uboot_image=./u-boot-2019.10/u-boot
- qemu_path=/home/pengdl/work/Qemu/qemu-4.1./build/arm-softmmu
- ${qemu_path}/qemu-system-arm \
- -M vexpress-a9 \
- -m 1024M \
- -smp \
- -nographic \
- -kernel ${uboot_image} \
- -sd ./uboot.disk
- U-Boot 2019.10-g61a73d0f-dirty (Jan - :: +)
- DRAM: GiB
- WARNING: Caches not enabled
- Flash: MiB
- MMC: MMC:
- *** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
- In: serial
- Out: serial
- Err: serial
- Net: smc911x-
- Hit any key to stop autoboot:
- => mmc dev
- switch to partitions #, OK
- mmc0 is current device
- => mmc info
- Device: MMC
- Manufacturer ID: aa
- OEM:
- Name: QEMU!
- Bus Speed:
- Mode: SD Legacy
- Rd Block Len:
- SD version 2.0
- High Capacity: No
- Capacity: GiB
- Bus Width: -bit
- Erase Group Size: Bytes
- => part list mmc
- Partition Map for MMC device -- Partition Type: EFI
- Part Start LBA End LBA Name
- Attributes
- Type GUID
- Partition GUID
- 0x00000800 0x000057ff "kernel"
- attrs: 0x0000000000000000
- type: 0fc63daf---8e79-3d69d8477de4
- guid: 0de91381-f36c-4ed7-97d9-2fd234dcef93
- 0x00005800 0x001fffde "rootfs"
- attrs: 0x0000000000000000
- type: 0fc63daf---8e79-3d69d8477de4
- guid: 6b0004e2-26a1-428e-abfc-f3a648e7419e
- => ls mmc : 或者 ext4ls mmc :
- <DIR> .
- <DIR> ..
- <DIR> lost+found
- zImage
- vexpress-v2p-ca15_a7.dtb
- vexpress-v2p-ca15-tc1.dtb
- vexpress-v2p-ca5s.dtb
- vexpress-v2p-ca9.dtb
- => ls mmc : 或者 ext4ls mmc :
- <DIR> .
- <DIR> ..
- <DIR> lost+found
- <DIR> bin
- <DIR> dev
- <DIR> etc
- <DIR> home
- <DIR> include
- <SYM> init
- <DIR> lib
- <SYM> linuxrc
- <DIR> proc
- <DIR> root
- <DIR> sbin
- <DIR> share
- <DIR> sys
- <DIR> tmp
- <DIR> usr
- <DIR> var
- .ash_history
五、加载kernel、设备树
- => load mmc : 0x60008000 zImage 或者ext4load mmc : 0x60008000 zImage
- bytes read in ms (7.1 MiB/s)
- => load mmc : 0x61000000 vexpress-v2p-ca9.dtb 或者 ext4load mmc : 0x61000000 vexpress-v2p-ca9.dtb
- bytes read in ms (213.9 KiB/s)
六、设置bootargs
- setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootfstype=ext4 rootwait earlycon console=tty0 console=ttyAMA0 init=/linuxrc ignore_loglevel'
七、引导内核
- => bootz 0x60008000 - 0x61000000
八、启动信息
- => bootz 0x60008000 - 0x61000000
- Kernel image @ 0x60008000 [ 0x000000 - 0x7532d0 ]
- ## Flattened Device Tree blob at
- Booting using the fdt blob at 0x61000000
- Loading Device Tree to 7fe82000, end 7fe8898f ... OK
- Starting kernel ...
- Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel.
- [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
- [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.+ (pengdl@pengdl-dell) (gcc version 7.3. [linaro-7.3-2018.05 revision d29120a424ecfbc167ef90065c0eeb7f91977701] (Linaro GCC 7.3-2018.05)) # SMP Mon Jan :: CST
- [ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [410fc090] revision (ARMv7), cr=10c5387d
- [ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT nonaliasing instruction cache
- [ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: V2P-CA9
- [ 0.000000] param_setup_earlycon enter, buf: (null)
- [ 0.000000] earlycon: pl11 at MMIO 0x10009000 (options '115200n8')
- [ 0.000000] bootconsole [pl11] enabled
- [ 0.000000] param_setup_earlycon enter, buf: tty0
- [ 0.000000] param_setup_earlycon enter, buf: ttyAMA0
- [ 0.000000] debug: ignoring loglevel setting.
- [ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writeback
- [ 0.000000] On node totalpages:
- [ 0.000000] free_area_init_node: node , pgdat 80d5f300, node_mem_map bf7f9000
- [ 0.000000] Normal zone: pages used for memmap
- [ 0.000000] Normal zone: pages reserved
- [ 0.000000] Normal zone: pages, LIFO batch:
- [ 0.000000] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode.
- [ 0.000000] random: fast init done
- [ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded pages/cpu @bf7ac000 s36428 r8192 d20916 u65536
- [ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s36428 r8192 d20916 u65536 alloc=*
- [ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [] [] [] []
- [ 0.000000] Built zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages:
- [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootfstype=ext4 rootwait earlycon console=tty0 console=ttyAMA0 init=/linuxrc ignore_loglevel
- [ 0.000000] console_setup enter, str: tty0
- [ 0.000000] console_setup enter, str: ttyAMA0
- [ 0.000000] log_buf_len individual max cpu contribution: bytes
- [ 0.000000] log_buf_len total cpu_extra contributions: bytes
- [ 0.000000] log_buf_len min size: bytes
- [ 0.000000] log_buf_len: bytes
- [ 0.000000] early log buf free: (%)
- [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.000000] Memory: 1026280K/1048576K available (6144K kernel code, 439K rwdata, 1456K rodata, 4096K init, 170K bss, 22296K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
- [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:
- [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( kB)
- [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 ( kB)
- [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xc0800000 - 0xff800000 ( MB)
- [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0x80000000 - 0xc0000000 ( MB)
- [ 0.000000] modules : 0x7f000000 - 0x80000000 ( MB)
- [ 0.000000] .text : 0x80008000 - 0x80700000 ( kB)
- [ 0.000000] .init : 0x80900000 - 0x80d00000 ( kB)
- [ 0.000000] .data : 0x80d00000 - 0x80d6dd48 ( kB)
- [ 0.000000] .bss : 0x80d74e2c - 0x80d9f634 ( kB)
- [ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=, Order=-, MinObjects=, CPUs=, Nodes=
- [ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.
- [ 0.000000] RCU event tracing is enabled.
- [ 0.000000] RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS= to nr_cpu_ids=.
- [ 0.000000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=, nr_cpu_ids=
- [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: , nr_irqs: , preallocated irqs:
- [ 0.000000] GIC CPU mask not found - kernel will fail to boot.
- [ 0.000000] GIC CPU mask not found - kernel will fail to boot.
- [ 0.000000] L2C: platform modifies aux control register: 0x02020000 -> 0x02420000
- [ 0.000000] L2C: DT/platform modifies aux control register: 0x02020000 -> 0x02420000
- [ 0.000000] L2C- enabling early BRESP for Cortex-A9
- [ 0.000000] L2C- full line of zeros enabled for Cortex-A9
- [ 0.000000] L2C- dynamic clock gating disabled, standby mode disabled
- [ 0.000000] L2C- cache controller enabled, ways, kB
- [ 0.000000] L2C-: CACHE_ID 0x410000c8, AUX_CTRL 0x46420001
- [ 0.000000] smp_twd: clock not found -
- [ 0.000236] sched_clock: bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 89478484971ns
- [ 0.003014] clocksource: arm,sp804: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: ns
- [ 0.004034] Failed to initialize '/smb@4000000/motherboard/iofpga@7,00000000/timer@12000': -
- [ 0.007878] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
- [ 0.009804] console [tty0] enabled
- [ 0.010213] Calibrating local timer... .50MHz.
- [ 0.063660] Calibrating delay loop... 726.63 BogoMIPS (lpj=)
- [ 0.163367] pid_max: default: minimum:
- [ 0.164371] Mount-cache hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.164640] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.173301] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
- [ 0.180395] CPU0: thread -, cpu , socket , mpidr
- [ 0.184217] Setting up static identity map for 0x60100000 - 0x60100060
- [ 0.185567] Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
- [ 0.190526] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
- [ 0.195085] smp: Brought up node, CPU
- [ 0.195340] SMP: Total of processors activated (726.63 BogoMIPS).
- [ 0.195628] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode.
- [ 0.226950] devtmpfs: initialized
- [ 0.237195] VFP support v0.: implementor architecture part variant rev
- [ 0.249451] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: ns
- [ 0.250611] futex hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.286424] NET: Registered protocol family
- [ 0.289887] DMA: preallocated KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
- [ 0.411870] cpuidle: using governor ladder
- [ 0.412536] hw-breakpoint: debug architecture 0x4 unsupported.
- [ 0.413148] Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver
- [ 0.417687] OF: amba_device_add() failed (-) for /memory-controller@100e0000
- [ 0.418518] OF: amba_device_add() failed (-) for /memory-controller@100e1000
- [ 0.419075] OF: amba_device_add() failed (-) for /watchdog@100e5000
- [ 0.428162] .uart: ttyAMA0 at MMIO 0x10009000 (irq = , base_baud = ) is a PL011 rev1
- [ 0.429393] console [ttyAMA0] enabled
- [ 0.429393] console [ttyAMA0] enabled
- [ 0.429830] bootconsole [pl11] disabled
- [ 0.429830] bootconsole [pl11] disabled
- [ 0.437874] 1000a000.uart: ttyAMA1 at MMIO 0x1000a000 (irq = , base_baud = ) is a PL011 rev1
- [ 0.439865] 1000b000.uart: ttyAMA2 at MMIO 0x1000b000 (irq = , base_baud = ) is a PL011 rev1
- [ 0.441651] 1000c000.uart: ttyAMA3 at MMIO 0x1000c000 (irq = , base_baud = ) is a PL011 rev1
- [ 0.443990] OF: amba_device_add() failed (-) for /smb@/motherboard/iofpga@,/wdt@f000
- [ 0.492049] SCSI subsystem initialized
- [ 0.494187] libata version 3.00 loaded.
- [ 0.495179] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
- [ 0.495583] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
- [ 0.496019] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
- [ 0.500818] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
- [ 0.514158] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arm,sp804
- [ 0.661421] NET: Registered protocol family
- [ 0.665243] TCP established hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.665645] TCP bind hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.666075] TCP: Hash tables configured (established bind )
- [ 0.667823] UDP hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.668211] UDP-Lite hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
- [ 0.669427] NET: Registered protocol family
- [ 0.672771] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
- [ 0.673010] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
- [ 0.673167] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
- [ 0.673316] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4. backchannel transport module.
- [ 1.032936] hw perfevents: enabled with armv7_cortex_a9 PMU driver, counters available
- [ 1.039079] workingset: timestamp_bits= max_order= bucket_order=
- [ 1.056808] squashfs: version 4.0 (//) Phillip Lougher
- [ 1.059624] jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) © - Red Hat, Inc.
- [ 1.062208] 9p: Installing v9fs 9p2000 file system support
- [ 1.066233] io scheduler noop registered (default)
- [ 1.066479] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
- [ 1.066735] io scheduler kyber registered
- [ 1.071064] clcd-pl11x .clcd: PL111 designer rev2 at 0x10020000
- [ 1.078507] clcd-pl11x .clcd: /clcd@ hardware, 1024x768@ display
- [ 1.161773] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 128x48
- [ 1.167184] clcd-pl11x 1001f000.clcd: PL111 designer rev2 at 0x1001f000
- [ 1.168631] clcd-pl11x 1001f000.clcd: /smb@/motherboard/iofpga@,/clcd@1f000 hardware, 640x480@ display
- [ 1.477077] brd: module loaded
- [ 1.495912] loop: module loaded
- [ 1.500177] .flash: Found x16 devices at 0x0 in -bit bank. Manufacturer ID 0x000000 Chip ID 0x000000
- [ 1.501104] Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x0031
- [ 1.501768] Using buffer write method
- [ 1.502266] erase region : offset=0x0,size=0x40000,blocks=
- [ 1.504422] .flash: Found x16 devices at 0x0 in -bit bank. Manufacturer ID 0x000000 Chip ID 0x000000
- [ 1.504906] Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x0031
- [ 1.505391] Using buffer write method
- [ 1.505629] erase region : offset=0x0,size=0x40000,blocks=
- [ 1.505986] Concatenating MTD devices:
- [ 1.509464] (): "40000000.flash"
- [ 1.511999] (): "40000000.flash"
- [ 1.514592] into device "40000000.flash"
- [ 1.579495] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
- [ 1.654665] libphy: smsc911x-mdio: probed
- [ 1.659191] smsc911x 4e000000.ethernet eth0: MAC Address: :::::
- [ 1.765966] isp1760 4f000000.usb: bus width: , oc: digital
- [ 1.777548] isp1760 4f000000.usb: NXP ISP1760 USB Host Controller
- [ 1.781625] isp1760 4f000000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number
- [ 1.784568] isp1760 4f000000.usb: Scratch test failed.
- [ 1.787257] isp1760 4f000000.usb: can't setup: -19
- [ 1.789669] isp1760 4f000000.usb: USB bus deregistered
- [ 1.793814] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
- [ 1.802617] rtc-pl031 .rtc: rtc core: registered pl031 as rtc0
- [ 1.806070] IR NEC protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.808391] IR RC5(x/sz) protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.810806] IR RC6 protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.813412] IR JVC protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.815587] IR Sony protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.817861] IR SANYO protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.820138] IR Sharp protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.822689] IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.824910] IR XMP protocol handler initialized
- [ 1.832118] mmci-pl18x .mmci: Got CD GPIO
- [ 1.834664] mmci-pl18x .mmci: Got WP GPIO
- [ 1.838372] mmci-pl18x .mmci: mmc0: PL181 manf rev0 at 0x10005000 irq , (pio)
- [ 1.913351] input: AT Raw Set keyboard as /devices/platform/smb@/smb@:motherboard/smb@:motherboard:i
- ofpga@,/.kmi/serio0/input/input0
- [ 1.928777] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
- [ 1.933517] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
- [ 1.935808] usbhid: USB HID core driver
- [ 1.945013] mmc0: new SD card at address
- [ 1.952266] mmcblk0: mmc0: QEMU! 1.00 GiB
- [ 1.986464] mmcblk0: p1 p2
- [ 1.992031] aaci-pl041 .aaci: ARM AC'97 Interface PL041 rev0 at 0x10004000, irq 30
- [ 1.994594] aaci-pl041 .aaci: FIFO entries
- [ 1.997482] oprofile: using arm/armv7-ca9
- [ 2.000510] NET: Registered protocol family
- [ 2.003305] 9pnet: Installing 9P2000 support
- [ 2.005828] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler
- [ 2.017119] rtc-pl031 .rtc: setting system clock to -- :: UTC ()
- [ 2.020519] ALSA device list:
- [ 2.022710] #: ARM AC'97 Interface PL041 rev0 at 0x10004000, irq 30
- [ 2.025497] Warning: unable to open an initial console.
- [ 2.063902] Freeing unused kernel memory: 4096K
- [ 2.500280] input: ImExPS/ Generic Explorer Mouse as /devices/platform/smb@/smb@:motherboard/smb@:motherboard:iofpga@,/.kmi/serio1/input/input2
- [ 3.017505] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): recovery complete
- [ 3.021581] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
- [ 3.076962] Generic PHY 4e000000.ethernet-ffffffff:: attached PHY driver [Generic PHY] (mii_bus:phy_addr=4e000000.ethernet-ffffffff:, irq=POLL)
- [ 3.083703] smsc911x 4e000000.ethernet eth0: SMSC911x/921x identified at 0xc1310000, IRQ:
- Please press Enter to activate this console.
- [root@vexpress ]#
[root@vexpress ]# mount
rootfs on / type rootfs (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,relatime)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,relatime)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,relatime)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,relatime,mode=600,ptmxmode=000)
/dev/mmcblk0p2 on /root type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)
[root@vexpress ]# ls
bin dev home init linuxrc root share tmp var
d etc include lib proc sbin sys usr
完。
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参考:https://blog.csdn.net/changjiangbuxi/article/details/26054755