Asp.Net MVC Identity 2.2.1 使用技巧（四）

使用用户管理器之用户管理

一、建立模型

1、在Models文件夹上点右键 》添加》类     类的名称自定，我用AdminViewModels命名的。

2、更改模板自建的AdminViewModels类为RoleViewModel，并添加EditUserViewModel类，代码完成如下：

 public class RoleViewModel
     {
         public string Id { get; set; }
         [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false)]
         [Display(Name = "角色名称")]
         public string Name { get; set; }
     }
 
     public class EditUserViewModel
     {
         public string Id { get; set; }
 
         //[Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false)]
         //[Display(Name = "电邮地址")]
         //[EmailAddress]
         //public string Email { get; set; }
         [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false)]
         [Display(Name = "用户名称")]
         public string UserName { get; set; }
 
         public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> RolesList { get; set; }
     }

为保证代码简洁，删除不必要的using。

二、建立控制器UsersAdminController

1、在controllers文件夹上点右键》添加》控制器， 我这里选的是“MVC5 控制器-空”，名称设置为：UsersAdminController.cs

2、添加操作权限。在空间命名下第一个{下面（9行）添加[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]用以此控制器操作只有admin角色组有权限访问。如果你选择了之前的可选操作这里可以直接添加权限，否则要么改，要么先注释掉。

3、在public class UsersAdminController : Controller内添加如下代码：

         public UsersAdminController()
         {
         }
 
         public UsersAdminController(ApplicationUserManager userManager, ApplicationRoleManager roleManager)
         {
             UserManager = userManager;
             RoleManager = roleManager;
         }
 
         private ApplicationUserManager _userManager;
         public ApplicationUserManager UserManager
         {
             get
             {
                 return _userManager ?? HttpContext.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();
             }
             private set
             {
                 _userManager = value;
             }
         }
 
         private ApplicationRoleManager _roleManager;
         public ApplicationRoleManager RoleManager
         {
             get
             {
                 return _roleManager ?? HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Get<ApplicationRoleManager>();
             }
             private set
             {
                 _roleManager = value;
             }
         }

添加完代码后，记得根据错误提示添加命名空间using xxx；

4、修改ActionResult Index()。将其改为异步调用，并显示用户列表。代码如下：

         //
         // GET: /Users/异步获取用户列表
         public async Task<ActionResult> Index()
         {
             return View(await UserManager.Users.ToListAsync());
         }

5、添加用户详情操作

         // GET: /Users/Details/5/经由ID编号异步获取用户详细信息
         public async Task<ActionResult> Details(string id)
         {
             //用户为空时返回400错误
             if (id == null)
             {
                 return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
             }
 
             //按Id查找用户
             var user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(id);
             ViewBag.RoleNames = await UserManager.GetRolesAsync(user.Id);
             return View(user);
         }

6、添加创建用户操作

         //
         //异步读取用户创建
         // GET: /Users/Create
         public async Task<ActionResult> Create()
         {
             //读取角色列表
             ViewBag.RoleId = new SelectList(await RoleManager.Roles.ToListAsync(), "Name", "Name");
             return View();
         }
 
         //
         //异步写入用户创建
         // POST: /Users/Create
         [HttpPost]
         public async Task<ActionResult> Create(RegisterViewModel userViewModel, params string[] selectedRoles)
         {
             if (ModelState.IsValid)
             {
                 var user = new ApplicationUser { UserName = userViewModel.Email, Email = userViewModel.Email };
                 var adminresult = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, userViewModel.Password);
 
                 //将用户添加到选定角色
                 if (adminresult.Succeeded)
                 {
                     if (selectedRoles != null)
                     {
                         var result = await UserManager.AddToRolesAsync(user.Id, selectedRoles);
                         if (!result.Succeeded)
                         {
                             ModelState.AddModelError("", result.Errors.First());
                             ViewBag.RoleId = new SelectList(await RoleManager.Roles.ToListAsync(), "Name", "Name");
                             return View();
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     ModelState.AddModelError("", adminresult.Errors.First());
                     ViewBag.RoleId = new SelectList(RoleManager.Roles, "Name", "Name");
                     return View();
 
                 }
                 return RedirectToAction("Index");
             }
             ViewBag.RoleId = new SelectList(RoleManager.Roles, "Name", "Name");
             return View();
         }

7、添加用户编辑操作

         //
         //异步读取用户编辑
         // GET: /Users/Edit/1
         public async Task<ActionResult> Edit(string id)
         {
             //ID为空返回错误提示
             if (id == null)
             {
                 return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
             }
 
             //查找用户
             var user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(id);
             if (user == null)
             {
                 return HttpNotFound();
             }
             //查找角色
             var userRoles = await UserManager.GetRolesAsync(user.Id);
 
             return View(new EditUserViewModel()
             {
                 Id = user.Id,
                 UserName = user.UserName,
                 RolesList = RoleManager.Roles.ToList().Select(x => new SelectListItem()
                 {
                     Selected = userRoles.Contains(x.Name),
                     Text = x.Name,
                     Value = x.Name
                 })
             });
         }
 
         //
         //异步写入用户编辑
         // POST: /Users/Edit/5
         [HttpPost]
         [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
         public async Task<ActionResult> Edit([Bind(Include = "UserName,Id")] EditUserViewModel editUser, params string[] selectedRole)
         {
             if (ModelState.IsValid)
             {
                 var user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(editUser.Id);
                 if (user == null)
                 {
                     return HttpNotFound();
                 }
 
                 user.UserName = editUser.UserName;
                 //user.Email = editUser.Email;
 
                 var userRoles = await UserManager.GetRolesAsync(user.Id);
 
                 selectedRole = selectedRole ?? new string[] { };
 
                 //将用户添加到指定的角色
                 var result = await UserManager.AddToRolesAsync(user.Id, selectedRole.Except(userRoles).ToArray<string>());
 
                 if (!result.Succeeded)
                 {
                     ModelState.AddModelError("", result.Errors.First());
                     return View();
                 }
 
                 //将用户从指定的角色中删除
                 result = await UserManager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(user.Id, userRoles.Except(selectedRole).ToArray<string>());
 
                 if (!result.Succeeded)
                 {
                     ModelState.AddModelError("", result.Errors.First());
                     return View();
                 }
                 return RedirectToAction("Index");
             }
             ModelState.AddModelError("", "编辑操作失败。");
             return View();
         }

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]为加密操作。

8、添加用户删除操作

         //
         //异步读取用户删除
         // GET: /Users/Delete/5
         public async Task<ActionResult> Delete(string id)
         {
             //ID为空返回错误提示
             if (id == null)
             {
                 return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
             }
             var user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(id);
             if (user == null)
             {
                 return HttpNotFound();
             }
             return View(user);
         }
 
         //
         //异步写入用户删除
         // POST: /Users/Delete/5
         [HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]
         [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
         public async Task<ActionResult> DeleteConfirmed(string id)
         {
             if (ModelState.IsValid)
             {
                 //ID为空返回错误提示
                 if (id == null)
                 {
                     return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
                 }
 
                 var user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(id);
                 if (user == null)
                 {
                     return HttpNotFound();
                 }
                 var result = await UserManager.DeleteAsync(user);
                 if (!result.Succeeded)
                 {
                     ModelState.AddModelError("", result.Errors.First());
                     return View();
                 }
                 return RedirectToAction("Index");
             }
             return View();
         }

用户管理的控制器编写结束。