[Kafka] - Kafka Java Consumer实现(二)

Kafka提供了两种Consumer API，分别是：High Level Consumer API 和 Lower Level Consumer API(Simple Consumer API)

High Level Consumer API：高度抽象的Kafka消费者API；将底层具体获取数据、更新offset、设置偏移量等操作屏蔽掉，直接将操作数据流的处理工作提供给编写程序的人员。优点是：操作简单；缺点：可操作性太差，无法按照自己的业务场景选择处理方式。(入口类：ConsumerConnector)

Lower Level Consumer API：通过直接操作底层API获取数据的方式获取Kafka中的数据，需要自行给定分区、偏移量等属性。优点：可操作性强；缺点：代码相对而言比较复杂。(入口类：SimpleConsumer)

这里主要将High Level Consumer API使用Java代码实现并测试：

Lower Level Consumer API详见博客：[Kafka] - Kafka Java Consumer实现(一)

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一、JavaKafkaConsumerHighAPI：使用Kafka High Level Consumer API多线程读取数据的相关API实现，具体代码如下：

import kafka.consumer.*;
import kafka.javaapi.consumer.ConsumerConnector;
import kafka.message.MessageAndMetadata;
import kafka.serializer.StringDecoder;
import kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties;
 
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
/**
 * 自定义简单Kafka消费者， 使用高级API
 * Created by gerry on 12/21.
 */
public class JavaKafkaConsumerHighAPI implements Runnable {
    /**
     * Kafka数据消费对象
     */
    private ConsumerConnector consumer;
 
    /**
     * Kafka Topic名称
     */
    private String topic;
 
    /**
     * 线程数量，一般就是Topic的分区数量
     */
    private int numThreads;
 
    /**
     * 线程池
     */
    private ExecutorService executorPool;
 
    /**
     * 构造函数
     *
     * @param topic      Kafka消息Topic主题
     * @param numThreads 处理数据的线程数/可以理解为Topic的分区数
     * @param zookeeper  Kafka的Zookeeper连接字符串
     * @param groupId    该消费者所属group ID的值
     */
    public JavaKafkaConsumerHighAPI(String topic, int numThreads, String zookeeper, String groupId) {
        // 1. 创建Kafka连接器
        this.consumer = Consumer.createJavaConsumerConnector(createConsumerConfig(zookeeper, groupId));
        // 2. 数据赋值
        this.topic = topic;
        this.numThreads = numThreads;
    }
 
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // 1. 指定Topic
        Map<String, Integer> topicCountMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
        topicCountMap.put(this.topic, this.numThreads);
 
        // 2. 指定数据的解码器
        StringDecoder keyDecoder = new StringDecoder(new VerifiableProperties());
        StringDecoder valueDecoder = new StringDecoder(new VerifiableProperties());
 
        // 3. 获取连接数据的迭代器对象集合
        /**
         * Key: Topic主题
         * Value: 对应Topic的数据流读取器，大小是topicCountMap中指定的topic大小
         */
        Map<String, List<KafkaStream<String, String>>> consumerMap = this.consumer.createMessageStreams(topicCountMap, keyDecoder, valueDecoder);
 
        // 4. 从返回结果中获取对应topic的数据流处理器
        List<KafkaStream<String, String>> streams = consumerMap.get(this.topic);
 
        // 5. 创建线程池
        this.executorPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(this.numThreads);
 
        // 6. 构建数据输出对象
        int threadNumber = 0;
        for (final KafkaStream<String, String> stream : streams) {
            this.executorPool.submit(new ConsumerKafkaStreamProcesser(stream, threadNumber));
            threadNumber++;
        }
    }
 
    public void shutdown() {
        // 1. 关闭和Kafka的连接，这样会导致stream.hashNext返回false
        if (this.consumer != null) {
            this.consumer.shutdown();
        }
 
        // 2. 关闭线程池，会等待线程的执行完成
        if (this.executorPool != null) {
            // 2.1 关闭线程池
            this.executorPool.shutdown();
 
            // 2.2. 等待关闭完成, 等待五秒
            try {
                if (!this.executorPool.awaitTermination(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                    System.out.println("Timed out waiting for consumer threads to shut down, exiting uncleanly!!");
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                System.out.println("Interrupted during shutdown, exiting uncleanly!!");
            }
        }
 
    }
 
    /**
     * 根据传入的zk的连接信息和groupID的值创建对应的ConsumerConfig对象
     *
     * @param zookeeper zk的连接信息，类似于：<br/>
     *                  hadoop-senior01.ibeifeng.com:2181,hadoop-senior02.ibeifeng.com:2181/kafka
     * @param groupId   该kafka consumer所属的group id的值， group id值一样的kafka consumer会进行负载均衡
     * @return Kafka连接信息
     */
    private ConsumerConfig createConsumerConfig(String zookeeper, String groupId) {
        // 1. 构建属性对象
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        // 2. 添加相关属性
        prop.put("group.id", groupId); // 指定分组id
        prop.put("zookeeper.connect", zookeeper); // 指定zk的连接url
        prop.put("zookeeper.session.timeout.ms", "400"); //
        prop.put("zookeeper.sync.time.ms", "200");
        prop.put("auto.commit.interval.ms", "1000");
        // 3. 构建ConsumerConfig对象
        return new ConsumerConfig(prop);
    }
 
    /**
     * Kafka消费者数据处理线程
     */
    public static class ConsumerKafkaStreamProcesser implements Runnable {
        // Kafka数据流
        private KafkaStream<String, String> stream;
        // 线程ID编号
        private int threadNumber;
 
        public ConsumerKafkaStreamProcesser(KafkaStream<String, String> stream, int threadNumber) {
            this.stream = stream;
            this.threadNumber = threadNumber;
        }
 
        @Override
        public void run() {
            // 1. 获取数据迭代器
            ConsumerIterator<String, String> iter = this.stream.iterator();
            // 2. 迭代输出数据
            while (iter.hasNext()) {
                // 2.1 获取数据值
                MessageAndMetadata value = iter.next();
 
                // 2.2 输出
                System.out.println(this.threadNumber + ":" + ":" + value.offset() + value.key() + ":" + value.message());
            }
            // 3. 表示当前线程执行完成
            System.out.println("Shutdown Thread:" + this.threadNumber);
        }
    }
}

二、JavaKafkaConsumerHighAPITest：测试类

/**
 * Created by ibf on 12/21.
 */
public class JavaKafkaConsumerHighAPITest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String zookeeper = "192.168.187.146:2181";
        String groupId = "group1";
        String topic = "test2";
        int threads = 1;
 
        JavaKafkaConsumerHighAPI example = new JavaKafkaConsumerHighAPI(topic, threads, zookeeper, groupId);
        new Thread(example).start();
 
        // 执行10秒后结束
        int sleepMillis = 600000;
        try {
            Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 关闭
        example.shutdown();
    }
}

三、运行测试截图

Kafka相关命令可以参考博客[Kafka] - Kafka基本操作命令, 测试截图如下：

至此，开发基本完成

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四、Kafka Pom文件依赖

<properties>
    <kafka.version>0.8.2.1</kafka.version>
</properties>
 
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
        <artifactId>kafka_2.10</artifactId>
        <version>${kafka.version}</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>