SpringCloud 进阶之分布式配置中心(SpringCloud Config)

1. SpringCloud Config

• SpringCLoud Config 为微服务架构中的微服务提供集中化的外部配置支持,配置服务器为各个不同微服务应用
  
  的所有环境提供了一个中心化的外部配置;
• SpringCloud Config 分为服务端和客户端:
  • 服务端也称为分布式配置中心,它是一个独立的微服务应用,用来连接配置服务器并为客户端提供获取配置信息,
    
    加密/解密信息等访问接口;
  • 客户端则是通过指定的配置中心来管理应用资源,以及与业务相关的配置内容,并在启动的时候从配置中心获取和
    
    加载配置信息;
• 配置服务器默认采用Git来存储配置信息;

1.1 SpringCloud Config服务端配置

GitHub 准备工作

// GitHub 新建一个名为 microservicecloudd-config 的新Repository
// 获得SSH协议的git地址: git@github.com:Noodlescn/microservicecloud-config.git
// 本地硬盘目录上,新建Git仓库,并clone
git clone git@github.com:Noodlescn/microservicecloud-config.git

// 本地Git仓库,microservicecloud-config 新建 application.yml
spring:
    profiles:
        active:
        - dev
---
spring:
    profiles: dev       # 开发环境
    application:
        name: microservicecloud-config-noodles-dev
---
spring:
    profiles: test      # 测试环境
    application:
        name: microservicecloud-config-noodles-test

# 文件保存为 UTF-8 格式

// 将application.yml推送到github上

新建 microservicecloud-config-3344(Cloud的配置中心模块)

// pom.xml
<!-- springCloud Config -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 避免Config的Git插件报错 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.eclipse.jgit</groupId>
	<artifactId>org.eclipse.jgit</artifactId>
	<version>4.10.0.201712302008-r</version>
</dependency>

// application.yml
server:
  port: 3344

spring:
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        git:
          uri: git@github.com:Noodlescn/microservicecloud-config.git # GitHub上面的git仓库名字

// 主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class Config_3344_StartSpringCloudApp {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Config_3344_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
	}

}

// 修改hosts文件,增加映射
// 127.0.0.1      config-3344.com

// 测试启动微服务 3344
// http://config-3344.com:3344/application-dev.yml
// http://config-3344.com:3344/application-test.yml

1.2 SpringCloud Config客户端配置

GitHub 准备工作

// 本地 microservicecloud-config 路径下新建文件 microservicecloud-config-client.yml
spring:
    profiles:
        active
        - dev

---
server:
  port: 8201
spring:
  profiles: dev
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-client
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka-dev.com:7001/eureka/
---
server:
  port: 8202
spring:
  profiles: test
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-client
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka-test.com:7001/eureka/

// 提交到GitHub

新建 microservicecloud-config-client-3355

// pom.xml
<!-- springCloud Config 客户端-->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>

// bootstrap.yml(是系统级配置文件,优先级最高)
spring:
  cloud:
    config:
      name: microservicecloud-config-client # 需要从github上读取的资源名称,注意没有yml后缀名
      profile: dev  # 本次访问的配置项
      label: master
      uri: http://config-3344.com:3344
      # 本微服务启动后,先去找3344号服务,通过SpringCloudConfig获取GitHub的服务地址

// application.yml(是用户级的资源配置项)
spring:
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-client

// 修改hosts文件: 127.0.0.1  client-config.com

// 新建rest类,验证是否能从GitHub上读取配置
@RestController
public class ConfigClientRest {

	@Value("${spring.application.name}$")
	private String applicationName;

	@Value("${eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone}$")
	private String eurekaServers;

	@Value("${server.port}$")
	private String port;

	@RequestMapping("/config")
	private String getConfig() {
		String str = "applicationName:"+applicationName+"\t eurekaServers:"+eurekaServers+"\t port:"+port;
		System.out.println("********str:" + str);
		return str;
	}
}

// 主启动类ConfigClient_3355_StartSpringCloudApp
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigClient_3355_StartSpringCloudApp {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigClient_3355_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
	}

}

// 测试访问:
// http://client-config.com:8201/config

2. SpringCloud Config 配置实战

GitHub 准备工作

// 本地microservicecloud-config 下新建:
// microservicecloud-config-eureka-client.yml
spring:
  profiles:
    active:
    - dev
---
server:
  port: 7001

spring:
  profiles: dev
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-eureka-client

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7001.com
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false  # 当前的eureka-server自己不注册进服务列表中
    fetch-registry: false  # 不通过eureka获取注册信息
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
---
server:
  port: 7001    # 注册中心占用7001端口

spring:
  profiles: test
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-eureka-client

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7001.com
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false  # 当前的eureka-server自己不注册进服务列表中
    fetch-registry: false  # 不通过eureka获取注册信息
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/

// 本地microservicecloud-config 下新建:
// microservicecloud-config-dept-client.yml
spring:
  profiles:
    active:
    - dev
---
server:
  port: 8001
spring:
  profiles: dev
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-dept-client
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudDB01
    username: root
    password: root
    dbcp2:
      min-idle: 5
      initial-size: 5
      max-total: 5
      max-wait-millis: 200
mybatis:
    config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml
    type-aliases-package: com.noodles.springcloud.entities
    mapper-locations:
    - classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml

eureka:
  client:  # 客户端注册进eureka服务列表内
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: dept-8001.com
    prefer-ip-address: true

info:
  app.name: noodles-microservicecloud-springcloudconfig01
  company.name: www.google.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$
---
server:
  port: 8001
spring:
  profiles: test
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-dept-client
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudDB02
    username: root
    password: root
    dbcp2:
      min-idle: 5
      initial-size: 5
      max-total: 5
      max-wait-millis: 200
mybatis:
    config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml
    type-aliases-package: com.noodles.springcloud.entities
    mapper-locations:
    - classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml

eureka:
  client:  # 客户端注册进eureka服务列表内
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: dept-8001.com
    prefer-ip-address: true

info:
  app.name: noodles-microservicecloud-springcloudconfig02
  company.name: www.google.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

// 上传GitHub

新建 microservicecloud-config-eureka-client-7001 工程 (Config版的eureka服务端)

// pom.xml(参照microservicecloud-eureka-7001)
<!-- springCloud Config -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>

// bootstrap.yml
spring:
  cloud:
    config:
      name: microservicecloud-config-eureka-client  # 需要从GitHub上读取的资源名称,没有yml后缀名
      profile: dev
      label: master
      uri: http://config-3344.com:3344    # SpringCloudConfig 获取的服务地址

// application.yml
spring:
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-eureka-client

// 主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer  // EurekaServer 服务器端启动类,接收其他微服务注册进来
public class Config_Git_EurekaServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Config_Git_EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}

//测试
// 启动 microservicecloud-config-3344
// 启动 microservicecloud-config-eureka-client-7001
// 访问 http://eureka7001.com:7001/

新建 microservicecloud-config-dept-client-8001(Config版的dept微服务)

// pom.xml(参照8001)
<!-- SpringCloud 配置 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>

// bootstrap.yml
spring:
  cloud:
    config:
      name: microservicecloud-config-dept-client  # 需要从GitHub上读取的资源名称
      # profile 配置什么就读取什么,配置 dev 或 test
      profile: test
      label: master
      uri: http://config-3344.com:3344  # SpringCloudConfig 获取的服务地址

// application.yml
spring:
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-config-dept-client

// 主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient	// 本服务启动后,自动注册进eureka服务中
@EnableDiscoveryClient // 服务发现
public class DeptProvider8001_App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001_App.class, args);
	}
}

// 测试
// 默认访问 test 配置: http://localhost:8001/dept/list
// 更换 dev 配置: http://localhost:8001/dept/list

参考资料:

• SpringCloud 教程