【转】 RGB各种格式

转自：https://blog.csdn.net/LG1259156776/article/details/52006457?locationNum=10&fps=1

RGB组合格式

名字

RGB组合格式

描述

此格式用来匹配PC图形帧缓存。每个像素占据8，16，24或32个位，他们都是组合像素格式，其意为在内存中所有像素数据都是相邻排列的。当使用这些格式之一时，驱动应该上报颜色空间为V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB。

表2.6 组合RGB图像格式

定义	码	Byte 0	Byte 1	Byte 2	Byte 3
V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB332	RGB1	r2 r1 r0 g2 g1 g0 b1 b0	-	-	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444	R444	g3 g2 g1 g0 b3 b2 b1 b0	a3 a2 a1 a0 r3 r2 r1 r0	-	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555	RGBO	g2 g1 g0 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0	a r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 g4 g3	-	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565	RGBP	g2 g1 g0 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0	r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 g5 g4 g3	-	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555X	RGBQ	a r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 g4 g3	g2 g1 g0 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0	-	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565X	RGBR	r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 g5 g4 g3	g2 g1 g0 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0	-	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR666	BGRH	b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 g5 g4	g3 g2 g1 g0 r5 r4 r3 r2	r1 r0	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24	BGR3	b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0	g7 g6 g5 g4 g3 g2 g1 g0	r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24	RGB3	r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0	g7 g6 g5 g4 g3 g2 g1 g0	b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0	-
V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32	RGR4	b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0	g7 g6 g5 g4 g3 g2 g1 g0	r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0	a7 a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0
V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32	RGB4	a7 a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0	r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0	g7 g6 g5 g4 g3 g2 g1 g0	b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0

第7位是符号位，a（alpha）的值在读取驱动时并未定义，所以编写驱动时忽略它吧，除非是在Overlay或输出Overlay时候协商了透明度，又或是在使用V4L2_CID_ALPHA_COMPONENT控制视频捕捉时候设置透明度部分。

例2.2 V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24 4 x 4像素图像

start + 00: B00 G00 R00 B01 G01 R01 B02 G02 R02 B03 G03 R03
start + 12: B10 G10 R10 B11 G11 R11 B12 G12 R12 B13 G13 R13
start + 24: B20 G20 R20 B21 G21 R21 B22 G22 R22 B23 G23 R23
start + 36: B30 G30 R30 B31 G31 R31 B32 G32 R32 B33 G33 R33

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8('BA81')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8 贝尔RGB格式

描述

这一般是数字相机的本地格式，与CCD设备的传感器阵列对应。每个像素只有一个值或是红色、绿色、蓝色，丢失的部分必须由相邻像素插值而来。第一行从左到右由蓝色和绿色组成，第二行是绿色和红色，每两行/列以此类推。

例2.3 V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8 4 x 4像素图像

start + 0: B00 G01 B02 G03
start + 4: G10 R11 G12 R13
start + 8: B20 G21 B22 G23
start +12: G30 R31 G32 R33

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8 ('GBRG')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8 贝尔RGB格式

描述

贝尔格式描述基本相同，只是像素排列规则不同。此格式是第一行从做到有包含绿色和蓝色，第二行是红色和绿色，每两行/列依此类推。

例2.4 V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8 4 x 4像素图像

start + 0: G00 B01 G02 B03
start + 4: R10 G11 R12 G13
start + 8: G20 B21 G22 B23
start +12: R30 G31 R32 G33

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8 ('GRBG')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8 贝尔RGB格式

描述

第一行从左到右包含绿色和蓝色，第二行包含红色和绿色，每两行/列依此类推。

例2.5 V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8 4 x 4像素图像

start + 0: G00 R01 G02 R03
start + 4: R10 B11 R12 B13
start + 8: G20 R21 G22 R23
start +12: R30 B31 R32 B33

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8 ('RGGB')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8 贝尔RGB格式

描述

第一行从左到右包含红色和绿色，第二行包含绿色和蓝色，每两行/列依此类推。

例2.6 V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8 4 x 4像素图像

start + 0: R00 G01 R02 G03
start + 4: G10 B11 G12 B13
start + 8: R20 G21 R22 G23
start +12: G30 B31 G32 B33

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 ('BYR2')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 贝尔RGB格式

描述

此格式与V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8很相似，不同是每个像素拥有16位深度。低数据存储在小地址内存中（低位机）。实际采样精度可能会比16位低，必须每个像素10位，值范围0~1023（如MT9T001)。

例2.7 V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 4 x 4像素图像

start + 0: B00low B00high G01low G01high B02low B02high G03low G03high
start + 8: G10low G10high R11low R11high G12low G12high R13low R13high
start +16: B20low B20high G21low G21high B22low B22high G23low G23high
start +24: G30low G30high R31low R31high G32low G32high R33low R33high

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10 ('RG10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10 ('BA10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10 ('GB10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10 ('BG10')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10 ('RG10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10 ('BA10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10 ('GB10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10 ('BG10') 10bit贝尔格式扩展的16位格式

描述

这4个像素格式是每个颜色10位的raw sRGB/贝尔格式。每个颜色部分都存储在16位字段中，高6位是不用的，填充0。每n像素行包含n/2个绿色取样和n/2个蓝色取样或红色取样，红色和蓝色行交替。字节以低位机序列存储。他们通常是来描述如GRGR...BGBG...或RGRG...GBGB...等等。以下是其中的一个例子。

例2.8 V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10 4 x 4像素图像

每个代表一个字节，高字节的高6位为0
start + 0: B00low B00high G01low G01high B02low B02high G03low G03high
start + 8: G10low G10high R11low R11high G12low G12high R13low R13high
start +16: B20low B20high G21low G21high B22low B22high G23low G23high
start +24: G30low G30high R31low R31high G32low G32high R33low R33high

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10ALAW8 ('aBA8'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10ALAW8 ('aGA8'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10ALAW8 ('agA8'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10ALAW8 ('aRA8')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10ALAW8 , V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10ALAW8 , V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10ALAW8 , V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10ALAW8 10位贝尔格式压缩至8位。

描述

这些格式是每个颜色10位的raw sRGB/贝尔格式压缩到8位，使用A-LAW算法。每个颜色部分在内存中占据8位，其他与V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8特性类似。

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10DPCM8 ('bBA8'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10DPCM8 ('bGA8'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8 ('BD10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10DPCM8 ('bRA8')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10DPCM8, V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10DPCM8, V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8, V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10DPCM8 10位贝尔格式压缩至8位。

描述

使用DPCM将每个颜色部分压缩至8位。DPCM调整是有损耗的，每个颜色在内存中占用8位，其他部分与V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10 ('RG10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10 ('BA10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10 ('GB10'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10 ('BG10')类似。

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12 ('RG12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12 ('BA12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12 ('GB12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12 ('BG12')

名字

V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12, V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12, V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12, V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12 12位贝尔格式扩展为16位

描述

每个颜色12位的raw sRGB/贝尔格式，每个颜色部分被保存在16位的字段中，高6位为0。每个n像素行包含n/2个绿色取样及n/2个蓝色或红色取样，红、蓝行交替。字节按低位机顺序存储在内存中，通常用来描述如GEGE...BGBG...或RGRG...RBRB...等。下边是其中一个的例子。

例2.9 V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12 4 x 4像素图片

start + 0: B00low B00high G01low G01high B02low B02high G03low G03high
start + 8: G10low G10high R11low R11high G12low G12high R13low R13high
start +16: B20low B20high G21low G21high B22low B22high G23low G23high
start +24: G30low G30high R31low R31high G32low G32high R33low R33high

.........................................................................................................................

以下是根据上面的文档写的转换代码：RGGB/BGGR转RGB

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <getopt.h>

#include <stdint.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <sys/mman.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <unistd.h>

static void raw10_to_raw8(char *in, char *out, int width, int height)

{

    int i,j;

    char temp;

    //RAW10 --> RAW8

    for(j = ; j < height; j++)

    {

        for(i = ; i < width * ; i = i + )

        {

            temp = ;

            temp = in[j * width *  + i];       //low

            out[j * width + i / ] = temp;

            /*

            temp = 0;

            temp = in[j * width * 2 + i] >> 2;       //low

            temp |= in[j * width * 2 + i + 1] << 6;  //high

            out[j * width + i / 2] = temp;

            */

        }

    }

    //printf("aa0  %x %x %x %x \n", out[0], out[1], out[2], out[3]);

    //printf("aa1  %x %x %x %x \n", out[width], out[width+1], out[width+2], out[width+3]);

}

#if 0

static int rggb2rgb(char *in, char *out, int width, int height)

{

    /*

       R  G1   --->        RG1B  RG1B

       G2 B    --->        RG2B  RG2B

    */

    int i,j;

    //RGRGRG

    for(j = ; j < height; j= j + )

    {

        for(i = ; i < width * ; i = i + )

        {

            //(0,0)

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / )];        //R

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / ) + ];    //G1

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[((j+) * width) + (i / ) + ];//B

            //(0,1) == (0,0)

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / )];        //R

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / ) + ];    //G1

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[((j+) * width) + (i / ) + ];//B

        }

    }

    //GBGBGB

    for(j = ; j < height; j= j + )

    {

        for(i = ; i < width * ; i = i + )

        {

            //(1,0)

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[((j-) * width) + (i / )];   //R

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / )];       //G2

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / ) + ];   //B

            //(1,0) == (1,1)

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[((j-) * width) + (i / )];   //R

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / )];       //G2

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / ) + ];   //B

        }

    }

    //printf("000  %x %x %x %x \n", out[0], out[1], out[2], out[3]);

    //printf("111  %x %x %x %x \n", out[width], out[width+1], out[width+2], out[width+3]);

    return width * height * ;

}

#endif

#if 1

static int bggr2rgb(char *in, char *out, int width, int height)

{

    /*

       B  G1   --->        RG1B  RG1B

       G2 R    --->        RG2B  RG2B

    */

    int i,j;

    //BGBGBG

    for(j = ; j < height; j= j + )

    {

        for(i = ; i < width * ; i = i + )

        {

            //(0,0)

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[((j+) * width) + (i / ) + ];//R

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / ) + ];    //G1

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / )];        //B

            //(0,1) == (0,0)

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[((j+) * width) + (i / ) + ];//R

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / ) + ];    //G1

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / )];        //B

        }

    }

    //GRGRGR

    for(j = ; j < height; j= j + )

    {

        for(i = ; i < width * ; i = i + )

        {

            //(1,0)

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / ) + ];   //R

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / )];       //G2

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[((j-) * width) + (i / )];   //B

            //(1,0) == (1,1)

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / ) + ];   //R

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[(j * width) + (i / )];       //G2

            out[(j * width * ) + (i + )] = in[((j-) * width) + (i / )];   //B

        }

    }

    //printf("000  %x %x %x %x \n", out[0], out[1], out[2], out[3]);

    //printf("111  %x %x %x %x \n", out[width], out[width+1], out[width+2], out[width+3]);

    return width * height * ;

}

#endif

static void usage( char * name )

{

    printf("usage: %s\n", name);

    printf("   --input,-i     input file\n");

    printf("   --output,-o    output file\n");

    printf("   --width,-w     image width (pixels)\n");

    printf("   --height,-v    image height (pixels)\n");

    printf("   --help,-h      this helpful message\n");

}

int main( int argc, char ** argv )

{

    int width = ;

    int height = ;

    int size_in = ;

    int size_out = ;

    char c;

    int optidx = ;

    char *infile = NULL;

    char *outfile = NULL;

    FILE *input_fd = NULL;

    FILE *output_fd = NULL;

    char *buff_tmp = NULL;

    char *buff_in = NULL;

    char *buff_out = NULL;

    int  param_num = ;

    while (param_num--)

    {

        optidx = ;

        struct option longopt[] = {

            {"input",,NULL,'i'},

            {"output",,NULL,'o'},

            {"width",,NULL,'w'},

            {"height",,NULL,'v'},

            {"help",,NULL,'h'},

            {,,,}

        };

        c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "i:o:w:v:h", longopt, &optidx);

        if (c == -)

            break;

        switch ( c )

        {

            case 'i':

                infile = strdup( optarg );

                break;

            case 'o':

                outfile = strdup( optarg );

                break;

            case 'w':

                width = strtol( optarg, NULL,  );

                break;

            case 'v':

                height = strtol( optarg, NULL,  );

                break;

            case 'h':

                usage(argv[]);

                return ;

                break;

            default:

                printf("lsc   bad arg %c\n", c);

                usage(argv[]);

                //return 1;

        }

    }

    // arguments: infile outfile width height

    if( infile == NULL || outfile == NULL || width ==  || height ==  )

    {

        printf("Bad parameter\n");

        usage(argv[]);

        return ;

    }

    buff_tmp = calloc(width * height, sizeof(char));

    buff_in = calloc(width * height * , sizeof(char));

    buff_out = calloc(width * height * , sizeof(char));

    if(NULL == buff_tmp || NULL == buff_in || NULL == buff_out)

    {

        printf("malloc error\n");

        goto end;

    }

    input_fd = fopen(infile, "r");

    if(NULL == input_fd)

    {

        printf("Problem opening input: %s\n", infile);

        return ;

    }

    output_fd = fopen(outfile, "w");

    if(NULL == output_fd)

    {

        printf("Problem opening output: %s\n", outfile);

        return ;

    }

    //读文件

    size_in = fread(buff_in, , width * height * , input_fd);

    if(size_in != width * height * )

    {

        printf("error!! size_in != width * height 2, size_in= %d\n", size_in);

        goto end;

    }

    raw10_to_raw8(buff_in, buff_tmp, width, height);

    size_out = bggr2rgb(buff_tmp, buff_out, width, height);

    //size_out = rggb2rgb(buff_tmp, buff_out, width, height);

    //写入数据到文件

    fwrite(buff_out, , size_out, output_fd);

end:

    if(input_fd)

        fclose(input_fd);

    if(output_fd)

        fclose(output_fd);

    if(NULL == buff_tmp)

    {

        free(buff_tmp);

    }

    if(NULL == buff_in)

    {

        free(buff_in);

    }

    if(NULL == buff_out)

    {

        free(buff_out);

    }

    return ;

}