Spring Cloud 微服务中搭建 OAuth2.0 认证授权服务

在使用 Spring Cloud 体系来构建微服务的过程中，用户请求是通过网关(ZUUL 或 Spring APIGateway)以 HTTP 协议来传输信息，API 网关将自己注册为 Eureka 服务治理下的应用，同时也从 Eureka 服务中获取所有其他微服务的实例信息。搭建 OAuth2 认证授权服务，并不是给每个微服务调用，而是通过 API 网关进行统一调用来对网关后的微服务做前置过滤，所有的请求都必须先通过 API 网关，API 网关在进行路由转发之前对该请求进行前置校验，实现对微服务系统中的其他的服务接口的安全与权限校验。对于微服务安全认证授权机制一块，目前主流的解决方案有 OAuth2.0 与 OIDC(OpenID Connect) 等标准协议。

备注：关于 RESTFUL API 安全认证方式的一些总结

OAuth2.0 授权模式

OAuth2 是一个开放授权标准协议，它允许用户让第三方应用访问该用户在某服务的特定私有资源，但是不提供账号密码信息给第三方应用。

     +--------+                               +---------------+
     |        |--(A)- Authorization Request ->|   Resource    |
     |        |                               |     Owner     |
     |        |<-(B)-- Authorization Grant ---|               |
     |        |                               +---------------+
     |        |
     |        |                               +---------------+
     |        |--(C)-- Authorization Grant -->| Authorization |
     | Client |                               |     Server    |
     |        |<-(D)----- Access Token -------|               |
     |        |                               +---------------+
     |        |
     |        |                               +---------------+
     |        |--(E)----- Access Token ------>|    Resource   |
     |        |                               |     Server    |
     |        |<-(F)--- Protected Resource ---|               |
     +--------+                               +---------------+

                     Figure 1: Abstract Protocol Flow

完整授权流程中有四个重要的角色[ RFC 6749 ]：

1. 资源拥有者（resource owner）：能授权访问受保护资源的一个实体，可以是一个人，那我们称之为最终用户；
2. 资源服务器（resource server）：存储受保护资源，客户端通过access token请求资源，资源服务器响应受保护资源给客户端；
3. 授权服务器（authorization server）：成功验证资源拥有者并获取授权之后，授权服务器颁发授权令牌（Access Token）给客户端。
4. 客户端（client）：第三方应用，也可以是它自己的官方应用；其本身不存储资源，而是资源拥有者授权通过后，使用它的授权（授权令牌）访问受保护资源，然后客户端把相应的数据展示出来/提交到服务器。

OAuth2.0 协议根据使用不同的适用场景，定义了用于四种授权模式。

Authorization code（授权码模式）
标准的 Server 授权模式，非常适合 Server 端的 Web 应用。一旦资源的拥有者授权访问他们的数据之后，他们将会被重定向到 Web 应用并在 URL 的查询参数中附带一个授权码（code）。在客户端里，该 code 用于请求访问令牌（access_token）。并且该令牌交换的过程是两个服务端之前完成的，防止其他人甚至是资源拥有者本人得到该令牌。另外，在该授权模式下可以通过 refresh_token 来刷新令牌以延长访问授权时间，也是最为复杂的一种方式。

Implicit Grant（隐式模式）
该模式是所有授权模式中最简单的一种，并为运行于浏览器中的脚本应用做了优化。当用户访问该应用时，服务端会立即生成一个新的访问令牌（access_token）并通过URL的#hash段传回客户端。这时，客户端就可以利用JavaScript等将其取出然后请求API接口。该模式不需要授权码（code），当然也不会提供refresh token以获得长期访问的入口。

Resource Owner Password Credentials（密码模式）
自己有一套用户体系，这种模式要求用户提供用户名和密码来交换访问令牌（access_token）。该模式仅用于非常值得信任的用户，例如API提供者本人所写的移动应用。虽然用户也要求提供密码，但并不需要存储在设备上。因为初始验证之后，只需将 OAuth 的令牌记录下来即可。如果用户希望取消授权，因为其真实密码并没有被记录，因此无需修改密码就可以立即取消授权。token本身也只是得到有限的授权，因此相比最传统的 username/password 授权，该模式依然更为安全。

Client Credentials（客户端模式）
没有用户的概念，一种基于 APP 的密钥直接进行授权，因此 APP 的权限非常大。它适合像数据库或存储服务器这种对 API 的访问需求。

备注：理解 OAuth 2.0

OAuth2.0 与 OpenID Connect 开源的框架

JAVA 中开源的认证与授权框架比较知名的有 Apereo CAS，Spring Cloud Security，JBoss 开源的 Keycloak  等（.NET IdentityServer4 ）。

Central Authentication Service (CAS) 通常称为 CAS。 CAS是一种针对Web的企业多语言单点登录解决方案，并尝试成为您的身份验证和授权需求的综合平台。

下面是官方的一段简述：

CAS Enterprise Single Sign-On

• Spring Webflow/Spring Boot Java server component.
• 可拔插认证支持 (LDAP, Database, X.509, SPNEGO, JAAS, JWT, RADIUS, MongoDb, etc)
• 多种协议支持 (CAS, SAML, WS-Federation, OAuth2, OpenID, OpenID Connect, REST)
• 通过各种提供商支持多因素身份验证 (Duo Security, FIDO U2F, YubiKey, Google Authenticator, Microsoft Azure, Authy etc)
• 支持外部提供者的委托认证，例如： ADFS, Facebook, Twitter, SAML2 IdPs, etc.
• Built-in support for password management, notifications, terms of use and impersonation.
• Support for attribute release including user consent.
• 实时监控和跟踪应用程序行为，统计信息和日志。
• 用特定的认证策略管理和注册客户端应用程序和服务。
• 跨平台的客户端支持 (Java, .Net, PHP, Perl, Apache, etc).
• Integrations with InCommon, Box, Office365, ServiceNow, Salesforce, Workday, WebAdvisor, Drupal, Blackboard, Moodle, Google Apps, etc.

Spring Security OAuth 是建立在 Spring Security 的基础之上 OAuth2.0 协议实现的一个类库，它提供了构建 Authorization Server、Resource Server 和 Client 三种 Spring 应用程序角色所需要的功能。

Keycloak 官方语言来解释，“为现代应用系统和服务提供开源的鉴权和授权访问控制管理”。Keycloak 实现了OpenID，Auth2.0，SAML单点登录协议，同时提供LDAP和Active Directory，以及OpenID Connect, SAML2.0 IdPs，Github，Google 等第三方登录适配功能，能够做到非常简单的开箱即用。

备注：从 4.1 版开始，Spring Boot starter 将基于 Spring Boot 2 adapter。如果您使用的是较旧的 Spring Boot 版本，则可以使用 keycloak-legacy-spring-boot-starter。

Spring Security OAuth2 框架

下面使用 Spring Security OAuth2 为 Spring Cloud 搭建认证授权服务（能够更好的集成到 Spring Cloud 体系中）。

• ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer：定义客户详细信息服务的配置器。客户端详细信息可以被初始化，或者您可以直接引用一个现有的存储。（client_id ，client_secret，redirect_uri 等配置信息）。
• AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer：用来配置令牌端点的安全约束。

• AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer：用来配置授权以及令牌的访问端点和令牌服务（比如：配置令牌的签名与存储方式）

Authorization Server

在 Authorization Server  的角色中 Spring Security OAuth2 定义了 AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter 配置类

public class AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter implements AuthorizationServerConfigurer {
    public AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter() {
    }

    public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer security) throws Exception {
    }

    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
    }

    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
    }
}

• ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer：用来配置客户端详情信息，一般使用数据库来存储或读取应用配置的详情信息（client_id ，client_secret，redirect_uri 等配置信息）。
• AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer：用来配置令牌端点(Token Endpoint)的安全与权限访问。
• AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer：用来配置授权以及令牌（Token）的访问端点和令牌服务（比如：配置令牌的签名与存储方式）

  Resource Server

  在 Resource Server 的角色中 Spring Security OAuth2 定义了 ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter 配置类

  public class ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter implements ResourceServerConfigurer {
      public ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter() {
      }
  
      public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception {
      }
  
      public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
          ((AuthorizedUrl)http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest()).authenticated();
      }
  }

  public class ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter implements ResourceServerConfigurer {
      public ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter() {
      }
  
      public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception {
      }
  
      public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
          ((AuthorizedUrl)http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest()).authenticated();
      }
  }

  ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter 用于保护 OAuth2 要开放的资源，同时主要作用于client端以及token的认证(Bearer Auth)，由于后面 OAuth2 服务端后续还需要提供用户信息，所以也是一个 Resource Server，默认拦截了所有的请求，也可以通过重新方法方式自定义自己想要拦截的资源 URL 地址。

  另外根据 OAuth2.0 规范，获取票据要支持 Basic 验证与验证用户的账户信息，比如密码模式：

       POST /token HTTP/1.1
       Host: server.example.com
       Authorization: Basic 1sZCaJks20MzpnMsPOi
       Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
       grant_type=password&username=irving&password=

       POST /token HTTP/1.1
       Host: server.example.com
       Authorization: Basic 1sZCaJks20MzpnMsPOi
       Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
       grant_type=password&username=irving&password=

  可以在 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 类中重新相应的方法来实现。

• AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter
• ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter
• WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter

  Client

  根据 OAuth2.0 规范定义获得票据需要提供 client_id 与 client_secret ，这个过程需要在服务端申请获得，比我新浪与腾讯的联合登录就是采用的授权码模式。一般还是要根据适用的场景给与不同的配置与作用域。

     /*
      * 配置客户端详情信息(内存或JDBC来实现)
      *
      * */
      @Override
      public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
          //初始化 Client 数据到 DB
          clients.jdbc(dataSource)
         // clients.inMemory()
                  .withClient("client_1")
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("client_credentials")
                  .scopes("all","read", "write")
                  .authorities("client_credentials")
                  .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
                  .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"))
  
                  .and().withClient("client_2")
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("password", "refresh_token")
                  .scopes("all","read", "write")
                  .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
                  .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000)
                  .authorities("password")
                  .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"))
  
                  .and().withClient("client_3").authorities("authorization_code","refresh_token")
                  .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"))
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code")
                  .scopes("all","read", "write")
                  .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
                  .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000)
                  .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/callback","http://localhost:8080/signin")
  
                  .and().withClient("client_test")
                  .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"))
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("all flow")
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code", "client_credentials", "refresh_token","password", "implicit")
                  .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/callback","http://localhost:8080/signin")
                  .scopes("all","read", "write")
                  .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
                  .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000);
  
              //https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-security-oauth/blob/master/spring-security-oauth2/src/test/resources/schema.sql
             // clients.withClientDetails(new JdbcClientDetailsService(dataSource));
      }

  理解上述说的关系后，就可以来实现 OAuth2.0 的相关服务了。

  MAVEN

      <parent>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
          <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
          <relativePath/>
      </parent>
  
      <properties>
          <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
          <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
          <java.version>1.8</java.version>
          <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
      </properties>
  
      <dependencies>
          <!--Spring Security 与 Security 的 OAuth2 扩展-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-oauth2</artifactId>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-security</artifactId>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
          </dependency>
          <!-- 将 token 存储在 redis 中 -->
          <!--<dependency>-->
          <!--<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
          <!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>-->
          <!--</dependency>-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>mysql</groupId>
              <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
              <version>8.0.11</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
              <scope>test</scope>
          </dependency>
      </dependencies>

  SpringApplication

  @SpringCloudApplication //@SpringBootApplication、@EnableDiscoveryClient、@EnableCircuitBreaker
  public class MicrosrvOauth2ServerApplication {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          SpringApplication.run(MicrosrvOauth2ServerApplication.class, args);
      }
  }

  /*
  [/oauth/authorize]
  [/oauth/token]
  [/oauth/check_token]
  [/oauth/confirm_access]
  [/oauth/token_key]
  [/oauth/error]
  */
  @Configuration
  @EnableAuthorizationServer
  //@Order(2)
  public class AuthorizationServerConfiguration extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {
  
      @Autowired
      private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
  
      @Autowired
      private BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
  
  /*
      @Autowired
      private RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
  
      @Bean
      public RedisTokenStore tokenStore() {
          return new RedisTokenStore(connectionFactory);
      }
   */
  
      @Autowired
      @Qualifier("dataSource")
      private DataSource dataSource;
  
  //    @Bean(name = "dataSource")
  //    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
  //    public DataSource dataSource() {
  //        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
  //    }
  
      @Bean("jdbcTokenStore")
      public JdbcTokenStore getJdbcTokenStore() {
          return new JdbcTokenStore(dataSource);
      }
  
  //    @Bean
  //    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){
  //        return new UserService();
  //    }
  
      /*
      * 配置客户端详情信息(内存或JDBC来实现)
      *
      * */
      @Override
      public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
          //初始化 Client 数据到 DB
          clients.jdbc(dataSource)
         // clients.inMemory()
                  .withClient("client_1")
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("client_credentials")
                  .scopes("all","read", "write")
                  .authorities("client_credentials")
                  .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
                  .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"))
  
                  .and().withClient("client_2")
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("password", "refresh_token")
                  .scopes("all","read", "write")
                  .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
                  .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000)
                  .authorities("password")
                  .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"))
  
                  .and().withClient("client_3").authorities("authorization_code","refresh_token")
                  .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"))
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code")
                  .scopes("all","read", "write")
                  .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
                  .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000)
                  .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/callback","http://localhost:8080/signin")
  
                  .and().withClient("client_test")
                  .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"))
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("all flow")
                  .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code", "client_credentials", "refresh_token","password", "implicit")
                  .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/callback","http://localhost:8080/signin")
                  .scopes("all","read", "write")
                  .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
                  .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000);
  
              //https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-security-oauth/blob/master/spring-security-oauth2/src/test/resources/schema.sql
             // clients.withClientDetails(new JdbcClientDetailsService(dataSource));
      }
  
      @Override
      public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
  
  //        endpoints
  //                .tokenStore(new RedisTokenStore(redisConnectionFactory))
  //                .authenticationManager(authenticationManager);
  
             endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                       //配置 JwtAccessToken 转换器
                    //  .accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter())
                       //refresh_token 需要 UserDetailsService is required
                   //   .userDetailsService(userDetailsService)
                      .allowedTokenEndpointRequestMethods(HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST)
                      .tokenStore(getJdbcTokenStore());
      }
  
      @Override
      public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer oauthServer) {
          //curl -i -X POST -H "Accept: application/json" -u "client_1:123456" http://localhost:5000/oauth/check_token?token=a1478d56-ebb8-4f21-b4b6-8a9602df24ec
          oauthServer.tokenKeyAccess("permitAll()")         //url:/oauth/token_key,exposes public key for token verification if using JWT tokens
                     .checkTokenAccess("isAuthenticated()") //url:/oauth/check_token allow check token
                     .allowFormAuthenticationForClients();
      }
  
      /**
       * 使用非对称加密算法来对Token进行签名
       * @return
       */
      @Bean
      public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter() {
          JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
          KeyPair keyPair = new KeyStoreKeyFactory(
                  new ClassPathResource("keystore.jks"), "foobar".toCharArray())
                  .getKeyPair("test");
          converter.setKeyPair(keyPair);
          return converter;
      }
  }

  /*
  * 提供 user 信息，所以 oauth2-server 也是一个Resource Server
  * */
  @Configuration
  @EnableResourceServer
  //@Order(3)
  public class ResourceServerConfiguration extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter  {
  
  //    @Override
  //    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
  //        http
  //                // Since we want the protected resources to be accessible in the UI as well we need
  //                // session creation to be allowed (it's disabled by default in 2.0.6)
  //                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.IF_REQUIRED)
  //                .and()
  //                .requestMatchers().anyRequest()
  //                .and()
  //                .anonymous()
  //                .and()
  //                .authorizeRequests()
  ////              .antMatchers("/product/**").access("#oauth2.hasScope('select') and hasRole('ROLE_USER')")
  //                .antMatchers("/user/**").authenticated();//必须认证过后才可以访问
  //    }
  
  //    @Override
  //    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
  //        http.requestMatchers().anyRequest()
  //                .and()
  //                .authorizeRequests()
  //                .antMatchers("/api/**").authenticated();
  //    }
  }

  @Configuration
  @EnableWebSecurity
  //@Order(1)
  public class WebSecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
  
      @Bean
      public UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){
          return new UserService();
      }
  
      @Bean
      public BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
          return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
      }
      @Override
      protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
          auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
                  .withUser("irving")
                  .password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456"))
                  .roles("read");
          // auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService())
          //   .passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
      }
  
  //    @Bean
  //    public static NoOpPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
  //        return (NoOpPasswordEncoder) NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();
  //    }
  

      @Override
      protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
  //        http
  //                .formLogin().loginPage("/login").permitAll()
  //                .and()
  //                .requestMatchers()
  //                .antMatchers("/", "/login", "/oauth/authorize", "/oauth/confirm_access")
  //                .and()
  //                .authorizeRequests()
  //                .anyRequest().authenticated();
  
  //        http.requestMatchers()
  //                .antMatchers("/login", "/oauth/authorize")
  //                .and()
  //                .authorizeRequests()
  //                .anyRequest().authenticated()
  //                .and()
  //                .formLogin().permitAll();
  
     //     http.csrf().disable();
          //不拦截 oauth 开放的资源
          http.requestMatchers()
                  .anyRequest()
                  .and()
                  .authorizeRequests()
                  .antMatchers("/oauth/**").permitAll();
      }
  
      @Override
      @Bean
      public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
          return super.authenticationManagerBean();
      }
  }

  @RestController
  @RequestMapping("/api/user")
  public class UserController {
  
      @GetMapping("/me")
      public Principal user(Principal principal) {
          return principal;
      }
  
      @GetMapping("/{name}")
      public String getUserName(@PathVariable String name) {
          return "hello,"+ name;
      }
  }

  application.yml

  #logging:
  #  level:
  #    root: DEBUG
  logging:
    level:
        org.springframework: INFO #INFO
        org.springframework.security: DEBUG
  spring:
    application:
      name: microsrv-oauth2-server
    datasource:
      url: jdbc:mysql://XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:3306/oauth2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password: "!TEST"
      driver: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
      hikari:
          minIdle:
          idle-timeout:
          maximumPoolSize:
  server:
    port: 

  config:
      oauth2:
          # openssl genrsa -out jwt.pem
          # openssl rsa -in jwt.pem
          privateKey: |
              -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
              MIICXQIBAAKBgQDNQZKqTlO/+2b4ZdhqGJzGBDltb5PZmBz1ALN2YLvt341pH6i5
              mO1V9cX5Ty1LM70fKfnIoYUP4KCE33dPnC7LkUwE/myh1zM6m8cbL5cYFPyP099t
              hbVxzJkjHWqywvQih/qOOjliomKbM9pxG8Z1dB26hL9dSAZuA8xExjlPmQIDAQAB
              AoGAImnYGU3ApPOVtBf/TOqLfne+2SZX96eVU06myDY3zA4rO3DfbR7CzCLE6qPn
              yDAIiW0UQBs0oBDdWOnOqz5YaePZu/yrLyj6KM6Q2e9ywRDtDh3ywrSfGpjdSvvo
              aeL1WesBWsgWv1vFKKvES7ILFLUxKwyCRC2Lgh7aI9GGZfECQQD84m98Yrehhin3
              fZuRaBNIu348Ci7ZFZmrvyxAIxrV4jBjpACW0RM2BvF5oYM2gOJqIfBOVjmPwUro
              bYEFcHRvAkEAz8jsfmxsZVwh3Y/Y47BzhKIC5FLaads541jNjVWfrPirljyCy1n4
              sg3WQH2IEyap3WTP84+csCtsfNfyK7fQdwJBAJNRyobY74cupJYkW5OK4OkXKQQL
              Hp2iosJV/Y5jpQeC3JO/gARcSmfIBbbI66q9zKjtmpPYUXI4tc3PtUEY8QsCQQCc
              xySyC0sKe6bNzyC+Q8AVvkxiTKWiI5idEr8duhJd589H72Zc2wkMB+a2CEGo+Y5H
              jy5cvuph/pG/7Qw7sljnAkAy/feClt1mUEiAcWrHRwcQ71AoA0+21yC9VkqPNrn3
              w7OEg8gBqPjRlXBNb00QieNeGGSkXOoU6gFschR22Dzy
              -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
          # openssl rsa -in jwt.pem -pubout
          publicKey: |
              -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
              MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDNQZKqTlO/+2b4ZdhqGJzGBDlt
              b5PZmBz1ALN2YLvt341pH6i5mO1V9cX5Ty1LM70fKfnIoYUP4KCE33dPnC7LkUwE
              /myh1zM6m8cbL5cYFPyP099thbVxzJkjHWqywvQih/qOOjliomKbM9pxG8Z1dB26
              hL9dSAZuA8xExjlPmQIDAQAB
              -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
  eureka:
    instance:
      preferIpAddress: true
  #    instanceId: ${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${server.port}
    client:
      serviceUrl:
        defaultZone: http://10.255.131.162:8000/eureka/,http://10.255.131.163:8000/eureka/,http://10.255.131.164:8000/eureka/

  运行测试

  客户端模式

  POST http://localhost:5000/oauth/token HTTP/1.1
  Authorization: Basic Y2xpZW50XzE6MTIzNDU2
  cache-control: no-cache
  Postman-Token: 86fd25cd-406d-4db1-a67a-eda3cf760ba5
  User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.1.1
  Accept: */*
  Host: localhost:5000
  content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
  accept-encoding: gzip, deflate
  content-length: 29
  Connection: keep-alive
  grant_type=client_credentials
  HTTP/1.1 200
  {"access_token":"a1478d56-ebb8-4f21-b4b6-8a9602df24ec","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":1014,"scope":"all read write"}

  密码模式

  POST http://localhost:5000/oauth/token HTTP/1.1
  Authorization: Basic Y2xpZW50X3Rlc3Q6MTIzNDU2
  cache-control: no-cache
  Postman-Token: f97aca16-e2ea-4dda-b51f-eb95caa57560
  User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.1.1
  Accept: */*
  Host: localhost:5000
  content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
  grant_type=password&scope=all&username=irving&password=123456
  HTTP/1.1 200
  {"access_token":"dfe36394-8592-472f-b52b-24739811f6ee","token_type":"bearer","refresh_token":"c150594f-7d00-44cc-bbce-49e1a6e83552","expires_in":7190,"scope":"all"}

  获取资源信息

  GET http://localhost:5000/api/user/me?access_token=a1478d56-ebb8-4f21-b4b6-8a9602df24ec HTTP/1.1
  Host: localhost:5000
  HTTP/1.1 200
  X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
  X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
  Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate
  Pragma: no-cache
  Expires: 0
  X-Frame-Options: DENY
  Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
  Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2018 09:21:32 GMT
  Content-Length: 674
  {"authorities":[{"authority":"client_credentials"}],"details":{"remoteAddress":"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1","sessionId":null,"tokenValue":"a1478d56-ebb8-4f21-b4b6-8a9602df24ec","tokenType":"Bearer","decodedDetails":null},"authenticated":true,"userAuthentication":null,"credentials":"","oauth2Request":{"clientId":"client_1","scope":["all","read","write"],"requestParameters":{"grant_type":"client_credentials"},"resourceIds":[],"authorities":[{"authority":"client_credentials"}],"approved":true,"refresh":false,"redirectUri":null,"responseTypes":[],"extensions":{},"refreshTokenRequest":null,"grantType":"client_credentials"},"clientOnly":true,"principal":"client_1","name":"client_1"}

  问题

  There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id “null”问题

  一般是老的项目升到 Spring Boot 2.0 依赖的是 Spring 5，相关的依赖都发生了较大的改动 Spring Security 5.0 New Features ，Spring Security 重构了 PasswordEncoder 相关的算法 ，原先默认配置的 PlainTextPasswordEncoder（明文密码）被移除了，替代的 BCryptPasswordEncoder ，Client 与 Resource Server 中设计密码的相关都需要采用新的的编码方式（上述代码已采用）。

  //兼容老版本 明文存储
  @Bean
  PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
      return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();
  }
  
  @Bean
  PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
      return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
  }

  method_not_allowed(Request method 'GET' not supported)  问题

  可以配置，第三方 Client 拿到 access_token 后，如何发送给 Resouce Server 主要有三种方式[ RFC6750 中定义 ] （一般获取 token 时不采用）：

  • URI Query Parameter.
  • Authorization Request Header Field.
  • Form-Encoded Body Parameter.

  @Configuration
  public class OAuthSecurityConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {
  ...
  @Override
  public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
      ...
      endpoints.allowedTokenEndpointRequestMethods(HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST);// add get method
      ...
  
      endpoints.tokenServices(tokenServices);
  }
  ...
  }

  Token 存储 DB 报错问题

  检查数据库 token 相关的字段是否是二进制数据类型(默认是：token LONGVARBINARY)，数据库的脚本可以在 Spring Security OAuth2 官方的项目中找到：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-security-oauth/blob/master/spring-security-oauth2/src/test/resources/schema.sql

  -- ::29.574 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] .s.s.o.p.c.ClientCredentialsTokenGranter : Getting access token for: client_1
  -- ::29.574 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate               : Executing prepared SQL query
  -- ::29.574 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate               : Executing prepared SQL statement [select token_id, token from oauth_access_token where authentication_id = ?]
  -- ::29.575 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils      : Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource
  -- ::29.623 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils      : Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource
  -- ::29.623 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.s.o.p.token.store.JdbcTokenStore     : Failed to find access token for authentication org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.OAuth2Authentication@f5d4467d: Principal: client_1; Credentials: [PROTECTED]; Authenticated: true; Details: null; Granted Authorities: TRUSTED_CLIENT
  -- ::29.623 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'scopedTarget.clientDetailsService'
  -- ::29.623 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'scopedTarget.clientDetailsService'
  -- ::29.623 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate               : Executing prepared SQL query
  -- ::29.623 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate               : Executing prepared SQL statement [select token_id, token from oauth_access_token where token_id = ?]
  -- ::29.623 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils      : Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource
  -- ::29.650 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils      : Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource
  -- ::29.650  INFO  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.s.o.p.token.store.JdbcTokenStore     : Failed to find access token for token ad587601-e0fd-4dea-8fcc-75144eb74101
  -- ::29.650 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate               : Executing prepared SQL update
  -- ::29.650 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate               : Executing prepared SQL statement [insert into oauth_access_token (token_id, token, authentication_id, user_name, client_id, authentication, refresh_token) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)]
  -- ::29.650 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils      : Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource
  -- ::29.651 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.support.lob.DefaultLobHandler   : Set bytes for BLOB with length
  -- ::29.651 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.support.lob.DefaultLobHandler   : Set bytes for BLOB with length
  -- ::29.665 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils      : Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource
  -- ::29.665 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] s.j.s.SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator : Unable to translate SQLException with Error code '', will now try the fallback translator
  -- ::29.665 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.j.s.SQLStateSQLExceptionTranslator   : Extracted SQL state class 'HY' from value 'HY000'
  -- ::29.665 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] .m.m.a.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver : Resolving exception from handler [public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<org.springframework.security.oauth2.common.OAuth2AccessToken> org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.endpoint.TokenEndpoint.getAccessToken(java.security.Principal,java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>) throws org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException]: org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [insert into oauth_access_token (token_id, token, authentication_id, user_name, client_id, authentication, refresh_token) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)]; SQL state [HY000]; error code []; Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row ; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row
  -- ::29.665 DEBUG  --- [nio--exec-] .m.m.a.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver : Invoking @ExceptionHandler method: public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<org.springframework.security.oauth2.common.exceptions.OAuth2Exception> org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.endpoint.TokenEndpoint.handleException(java.lang.Exception) throws java.lang.Exception
  -- ::29.667 ERROR  --- [nio--exec-] o.s.s.o.provider.endpoint.TokenEndpoint  : Handling error: UncategorizedSQLException, PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [insert into oauth_access_token (token_id, token, authentication_id, user_name, client_id, authentication, refresh_token) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)]; SQL state [HY000]; error code []; Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row ; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row 
  
  org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [insert into oauth_access_token (token_id, token, authentication_id, user_name, client_id, authentication, refresh_token) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)]; SQL state [HY000]; error code []; Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row ; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row 

  票据存 DB 还是 Redis

  根据 QPS 来吧，现阶段我们就是使用 DB 来存储，当然 Redis 或 MongoDB 都是比较好的选择（因为 Token 是临时性的，还涉及 Token 的刷新 ，验证合法性，过期等机制，操作会很频繁）。

  /*
      @Autowired
      private RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
  
      @Bean
      public RedisTokenStore tokenStore() {
          return new RedisTokenStore(connectionFactory);
      }
   */
  
      @Autowired
      @Qualifier("dataSource")
      private DataSource dataSource;
  
      @Bean("jdbcTokenStore")
      public JdbcTokenStore getJdbcTokenStore() {
          return new JdbcTokenStore(dataSource);
      }
  
      @Override
      public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
  
  //        endpoints
  //                .tokenStore(new RedisTokenStore(redisConnectionFactory))
  //                .authenticationManager(authenticationManager);
  
             endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                       //配置 JwtAccessToken 转换器
                    //  .accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter())
                       //refresh_token 需要 UserDetailsService is required
                   //   .userDetailsService(userDetailsService)
                      .allowedTokenEndpointRequestMethods(HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST)
                      .tokenStore(getJdbcTokenStore());
      }

   GitHub 代码

  REFER:
  https://docs.spring.io/spring-security-oauth2-boot/docs/current/reference/html5/
  https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/
  http://projects.spring.io/spring-security-oauth/docs/oauth2.html
  如何构建安全的微服务应用
  https://www.cnblogs.com/exceptioneye/p/9341011.html
  https://oauth.net/2/
  https://github.com/jeansfish/RFC6749.zh-cn

  http://www.spring4all.com/article/883