(转)[Python 网络编程] makefile (三)

socket.makefile（mode ='r'，buffering = None，*，encoding = None，errors = None，newline = None ）
返回一个与套接字相关联的文件对象。返回的确切类型取决于给makefile()提供的参数。

这些参数的解释方式与内置open()函数的解释方式相同，除了makefile方法唯一支持的mode值是'r'（默认）'w'和'b'。

套接字必须处于阻塞模式; 它可能有超时，但是如果超时发生，文件对象的内部缓冲区可能会以不一致的状态结束。

关闭返回的文件对象makefile()将不会关闭原始套接字，除非所有其他文件对象已关闭并且 socket.close()已在套接字对象上调用。

makefie的简单用法：

#makefile

import threading,logging,socket

DATEFMT="%H:%M:%S"

FORMAT = "[%(asctime)s]\t [%(threadName)s,%(thread)d] %(message)s"

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,format=FORMAT,datefmt=DATEFMT)

sock = socket.socket()

addr = ('127.0.0.1',9999)

event = threading.Event()

sock.bind(addr)

sock.listen()

def _accept(sock:socket.socket):

s,addrinfo = sock.accept()

f = s.makefile(mode='rw')

while True:

line = f.readline() # read(10) 文本使用readline

logging.info(line)

if line.strip() == 'quit':

break

msg = "Your msg = {}. ack".format(line)

f.write(msg)

f.flush()

f.close()

sock.close()

threading.Thread(target=_accept,args=(sock,)).start()

while not event.wait(2):

logging.info(sock)

#运行结果：

[19:09:47] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:09:49] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:09:49] [Thread-1,6044] hi?

[19:09:51] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:09:53] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:09:55] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:09:57] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:09:59] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:10:01] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:10:03] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:10:05] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:10:07] [Thread-1,6044] Are you ok?

[19:10:07] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:10:09] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:10:11] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:10:13] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>

[19:10:13] [Thread-1,6044] quit

[19:10:15] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket [closed] fd=-1, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0>

TCP Server 改装成makefile：

连接两个客户端分别测试消息是否分发正常，客户端quit指令是否可以正常关闭socket，self.clients字典是否已经移除失联的socket。

客户端分别测试正常退出：quit退出，和异常退出：强制退出。然后观察服务端是否运行正常。

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#TCP Server 改装成makefile

import threading,logging,time,random,datetime,socket

DATEFMT="%H:%M:%S"

FORMAT = "[%(asctime)s]\t [%(threadName)s,%(thread)d] %(message)s"

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,format=FORMAT,datefmt=DATEFMT)

class ChatServer:

def __init__(self,ip='127.0.0.1',port=9999): #启动服务

self.addr = (ip,port)

self.sock = socket.socket()

self.event = threading.Event()

self.clients = {} #客户端

def show_client(self):

while not self.event.is_set():

if len(self.clients) > 0:

logging.info(self.clients)

self.event.wait(3)

def start(self):

self.sock.bind(self.addr)

self.sock.listen()

# accept会阻塞主线程，所以开一个新线程

threading.Thread(target=self._accept,name='accept',daemon=True).start()

threading.Thread(target=self.show_client,name='show_client',daemon=True).start()

def stop(self):

for c in self.clients.values():

c.close()

self.sock.close()

self.event.wait(3)

self.event.set()

def _accept(self):

while not self.event.is_set(): #多人连接

conn,client = self.sock.accept() #阻塞

f = conn.makefile(mode='rw',encoding='utf8')

self.clients[client] = f

logging.info("{}-{}".format(conn,client))

# recv 默认阻塞,每一个连接单独起一个recv线程准备接收数据

threading.Thread(target=self._recv, args=(f, client), name='recv',daemon=True).start()

def _recv(self, f, client): #接收客户端数据

while not self.event.is_set():

try:

data = f.readline()

except Exception:

data = 'quit'

finally:

msg = data.strip()

# Client通知退出机制

if msg == 'quit':

f.close()

self.clients.pop(client)

logging.info('{} quit'.format(client))

break

msg = "{:%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S} {}:{}\n{}\n".format(datetime.datetime.now(),*client,data)

print(msg)

logging.info(msg)

for c in self.clients.values():

c.writelines(msg)

c.flush()

cs = ChatServer()

print('!!!!!!!!!!!')

cs.start()

print('~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~')

e = threading.Event()

def showthreads(e:threading.Event):

while not e.wait(3):

logging.info(threading.enumerate())

threading.Thread(target=showthreads,name='showthreads',args=(e,)).start()

while not e.wait(1): # Sever控制台退出方式

cmd = input('>>> ').strip()

if cmd == 'quit':

cs.stop()

e.wait(3)

break

#运行结果：

!!!!!!!!!!!

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

>>> [15:18:49] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}

[15:18:49] [accept,2820] <socket.socket fd=388, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 3507)>-('127.0.0.1', 3507)

[15:18:49] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]

[15:18:52] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}

[15:18:52] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]

[15:18:54] [recv,10156] 2017/12/24 15:18:54 127.0.0.1:3507

2017/12/24 15:18:54 127.0.0.1:3507

123

[15:18:55] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}

[15:18:55] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]

[15:18:58] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}

[15:18:58] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]

[15:19:01] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}

[15:19:01] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]

[15:19:04] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}

[15:19:04] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]

[15:19:07] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}

[15:19:07] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]

[15:19:10] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}

[15:19:10] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]

[15:19:12] [recv,10156] 2017/12/24 15:19:12 127.0.0.1:3507

[15:19:12] [recv,10156] ('127.0.0.1', 3507) quit

2017/12/24 15:19:12 127.0.0.1:3507

[15:19:13] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>]

总结：

使用makefile返回一个套接字相关联的文件对象，对该文件对象的操作方法，与普通文件操作方法一致，read,readline,write,writeline

makefile不仅仅可以对accept建立连接后的socketObject使用，也可对主线程的sock和任何socketObject使用。

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