Android进阶(三)android httpClient 支持HTTPS的访问方式

项目中Android https请求地址遇到了这个异常(无终端认证)：

javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificate

是SSL协议中没有终端认证。

没有遇到过的问题，于是无奈的去找度娘。。。。。。。，各种问题，各种纠结。。。。。。

看了不少大神的博客后得到的解决方案如下：

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:14px;">/**
  * Post请求连接Https服务
  * @param serverURL  请求地址
  * @param jsonStr    请求报文
  * @return
  * @throws Exception
  */
 public static synchronized String doHttpsPost(String serverURL, String jsonStr)throws Exception {
     <span style="color:#009900;">// 参数 </span>
     HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
    <span style="color:#33cc00;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;">// 设置连接超时 </span>
     HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, 3000);
     <span style="color:#009900;">// 设置socket超时 </span>
     HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, 3000);
     <span style="color:#009900;">// 获取HttpClient对象 （认证） </span>
     HttpClient hc = initHttpClient(httpParameters);
     HttpPost post = new HttpPost(serverURL);
    <span style="color:#006600;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;">// 发送数据类型 </span>
     post.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
    <span style="color:#009900;"> // 接受数据类型 </span>
     post.addHeader("Accept", "application/json");
   <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color:#006600;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;"> // 请求报文 </span></span>
     StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonStr, "UTF-8");
     post.setEntity(entity);
     post.setParams(httpParameters);
     HttpResponse response = null;
     try {
         response = hc.execute(post);
     } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
         throw new Exception("Unable to access " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
     } catch (SocketException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
     }
     int sCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
     if (sCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
         return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
     } else
         throw new Exception("StatusCode is " + sCode);
 } 
 
 private static HttpClient client = null;
 /**
  * 初始化HttpClient对象
  * @param params
  * @return
  */
 public static synchronized HttpClient initHttpClient(HttpParams params) {
     if(client == null){
         try {
             KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
             trustStore.load(null, null); 
 
             SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactoryImp(trustStore);
             //允许所有主机的验证
             sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER); 
 
             HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
             HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
             // 设置http和https支持
             SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
             registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
             registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443)); 
 
             ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry); 
 
             return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             return new DefaultHttpClient(params);
         }
     }
     return client;
 } 
 
public static class SSLSocketFactoryImp extends SSLSocketFactory {
     final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); 
 
     public SSLSocketFactoryImp(KeyStore truststore)
             throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException,
             KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
         super(truststore); 
 
         TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
             public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                 return null;
             } 
 
             @Override
             public void checkClientTrusted(
                     java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
                     String authType)
                     throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
             } 
 
             @Override
             public void checkServerTrusted(
                     java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
                     String authType)
                     throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
             }
         };
         sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
     } 
 
     @Override
     public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port,
             boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
         return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host,
                 port, autoClose);
     } 
 
     @Override
     public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
         return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
     }
 }</span> 

run下，小手发抖的点到测试按钮，深吸口气，咦？没反应。。。马蛋的，工作线程忘记start()，唉，再次run下，终于的有点反应了，神奇的竟然没有报之前的 javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificate 的异常了。服务端的数据正常返回了。

分析问题：

HTTPS:超文本安全传输协议，和HTTP相比，多了一个SSL/TSL的认证过程，端口为443。

1.peer终端发送一个request，https服务端把支持的加密算法等以证书的形式返回一个身份信息（包含ca颁发机构和加密公钥等）。

2.获取证书之后，验证证书合法性。

3.随机产生一个密钥，并以证书当中的公钥加密。

4.request https服务端，把用公钥加密过的密钥传送给https服务端。

5.https服务端用自己的密钥解密，获取随机值。

6.之后双方传送数据都用此密钥加密后通信。

HTTPS流程清楚后，问题也就明显了，验证证书时，无法验证。

上面提供的解决方案就是添加默认信任全部证书。以此来通过接下来的通信。

但是，这样问题是解决了。但是觉得还是不带靠谱（信任全部证书有点危险）。继续噼噼啪啪的网上搜索一番。又找到了一种解决方案，其过程大致这样的：

1.浏览器访问https地址，保存提示的证书到本地，放到android项目中的assets目录。

2.导入证书，代码如下。

3.把证书添加为信任。

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:14px;">public static String requestHTTPSPage(Context context, String mUrl) {
        InputStream ins = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            ins = context.getAssets().open("my.key"); // 下载的证书放到项目中的assets目录中
            CertificateFactory cerFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
            Certificate cer = cerFactory.generateCertificate(ins);
            KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12", "BC");
            keyStore.load(null, null);
            keyStore.setCertificateEntry("trust", cer); 
 
            SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLSocketFactory(keyStore);
            Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", socketFactory, 443);
            HttpClient mHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            mHttpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(sch); 
 
            BufferedReader reader = null;
            try {
                HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
                request.setURI(new URI(mUrl));
                HttpResponse response = mHttpClient.execute(request);
                if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {
                    request.abort();
                    return result;
                } 
 
                reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response
                        .getEntity().getContent()));
                StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
                String line = null;
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    buffer.append(line);
                }
                result = buffer.toString();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (reader != null) {
                    reader.close();
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (ins != null)
                    ins.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result; </span>