linux环境中安装ftp服务

需求说明:

　　今天项目中有一个新的需求,需要在linux环境中搭建一个ftp服务,在此记录下.

操作过程:

1.通过yum的方式安装ftp服务对应的软件包

[root@testvm01 ~]# yum install vsftpd
Loaded plugins: product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
rhel-source                                                                                                                                                             | 4.1 kB     : ...
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 :2.2.-.el6_5. will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                   Arch                                      Version                                              Repository                                      Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 vsftpd                                    x86_64                                    2.2.-.el6_5.                                     rhel-source                                     k

Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install        Package(s)

Total download size:  k
Installed size:  k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : vsftpd-2.2.-.el6_5..x86_64                                                                                                                                              /
  Verifying  : vsftpd-2.2.-.el6_5..x86_64                                                                                                                                              / 

Installed:
  vsftpd.x86_64 :2.2.-.el6_5.                                                                                                                                                             

Complete!

备注:ftp对应的rpm包是:vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-12.el6_5.

2.启动ftp服务

[root@testvm01 ~]# ls /etc/init.d/vsftpd
/etc/init.d/vsftpd
[root@testvm01 ~]# service vsftpd start
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd:                                [  OK  ]
[root@testvm01 ~]# ps -ef | grep vsftpd
root              : ?        :: /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
root           : pts/    :: grep vsftpd

备注:通过以上的信息知道ftp对应的后台命令是vsftpd,对应的配置文件vsftpd.conf

3.设置ftp服务为开机自动启动

[root@testvm01 ~]# chkconfig --level  vsftpd on
[root@testvm01 ~]# chkconfig --list | grep vsftp
vsftpd             :off    :off    :on    :on    :on    :on    :off

4.查看ftp服务监听的端口

[root@testvm01 ~]# netstat -ntlp | grep vsftpd
tcp               0.0.0.0:                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      /vsftpd 

备注:ftp服务,默认监听的端口是21端口.

5.创建ftp用户,用于ftp登录

[root@testvm01 ~]# useradd ftpuser01
[root@testvm01 ~]# echo 'ftpuser01' | passwd --stdin ftpuser01
Changing password for user ftpuser01.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@testvm01 ~]# chage -M  ftpuser01

6.在本地通过浏览器连接到ftp服务

备注:能够访问,但是并没有提示输入用户名和密码的信息.

7.限定只有某些用户能够访问ftp服务器

修改配置文件vsftpd.conf,增加以下内容

userlist_deny=NO

意思是说,只有在user_list文件中的用户可以登录.

将ftp用户加入到user_list这个文件中

[root@testvm01 vsftpd]# cat user_list
# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
ftpuser01

8.重新通过浏览器进行访问

备注:此时,提示输入用户名和密码验证.

9.输入正确的用户名和密码之后,出现以下的错误

经过检查,系统打开了selinux,将其关闭.

10.查看selinux的状态

[root@testvm01 ~]# sestatus -b | grep ftp
allow_ftpd_anon_write                       off
allow_ftpd_full_access                      off
allow_ftpd_use_cifs                         off
allow_ftpd_use_nfs                          off
ftp_home_dir                                off
ftpd_connect_db                             off
ftpd_use_fusefs                             off
ftpd_use_passive_mode                       off
httpd_enable_ftp_server                     off
tftp_anon_write                             off
tftp_use_cifs                               off
tftp_use_nfs                                off

备注:也可以将selinux关闭掉.

11.将ftp_home_dir设置为on

[root@testvm01 ~]# setsebool -P ftp_home_dir on
[root@testvm01 ~]# sestatus -b | grep ftp_home_dir
ftp_home_dir                                on

12.重新进行ftp登录

备注:可以登录成功.至此ftp登录完成.

文档创建时间:2018年10月8日16:13:00