MVC 学习随笔（一）
Model的绑定。
（一）使用NameValueCollectionValueProvider
C# 对NameValueCollectionValueProvider的支持是通过下面的类实现的
// Library部分
public class NameValueCollectionValueProvider : IUnvalidatedValueProvider, IValueProvider
{
// 构造函数
public NameValueCollectionValueProvider(NameValueCollection collection, CultureInfo culture);
// 实现IValueProvider
public virtual ValueProviderResult GetValue(string key);
// 省略
} [Serializable]
public class ValueProviderResult
{
public object RawValue { get; protected set; }
public object ConvertTo(Type type); }
Library部分
下面介绍一个简单的应用
// 应用部分
//Controller中定义NameValueCollectionValueProvider 作为显示Model传递给View
NameValueCollection collection = new NameValueCollection();
collection.Add("bar.Name", "John");
collection.Add("bar.Age", "");
collection.Add("bar.Address.Street", "HongKang Street");
collection.Add("bar.Address.ZipCode", "");
NameValueCollectionValueProvider nProvider = new NameValueCollectionValueProvider(collection, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
var test = nProvider.GetValue("bar.Name");
return View(nProvider);
Controller中传递Model
在View中接收来自Controller的传递
@Model NameValueCollectionValueProvider <table>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Bar</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bar.Name</td>
<td>@Model.GetValue("bar.Name").ConvertTo(typeof(string))</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bar.Age</td>
<td>@Model.GetValue("bar.Age").ConvertTo(typeof(string))</td>
</tr> <tr>
<th colspan="2">Bar.Address</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bar.Address.Street</td>
<td>@Model.GetValue("bar.Address.Street").ConvertTo(typeof(string))</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bar.Address.ZipCode</td>
<td>@Model.GetValue("bar.Address.ZipCode").ConvertTo(typeof(string))</td>
</tr>
</table>
RazoreView
继承自NameValueCollectionValueProvider的类有下面几个：
1.1： FormValueProvider 传递Form中控件的值
@using (Html.BeginForm("TestFormValueProvider", "Home", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" }))
{
<input type="text" name="testBox" value="" />
<input type="submit" value="提交" title="提交" />
}
View中提交表单
在Controller中将获取Form中提交的控件值
public ActionResult TestFormValueProvider() {
FormValueProvider form = new FormValueProvider(ControllerContext);
var testBoxValue = form.GetValue("testBox");
var outPut = testBoxValue.ConvertTo(typeof(string));
Console.WriteLine(outPut);
return null;
}
Controller中获取
1.2： QueryStringValueProvider传递查询字符串
// HTML 代码片段
<a href="@Url.Action("TestQueryStringProvider", "Home", new { Name="John Shen", Age="32"})" title="actionTest">测试URL QueryString传递Model</a>
View中添加anchor
Controller中获取View中的<a></a>的查询字符串
public ActionResult TestQueryStringProvider()
{
QueryStringValueProvider query = new QueryStringValueProvider(ControllerContext);
var testNameQueryString = query.GetValue("Name").ConvertTo(typeof(string));
var testAgeQueryString = query.GetValue("Age").ConvertTo(typeof(string));
var testCompanyQueryString = query.GetValue("Company").ConvertTo(typeof(string));
Console.WriteLine(testNameQueryString.ToString() + testAgeQueryString.ToString() + testCompanyQueryString.ToString());
return null;
}
Controller
（二）使用DictionaryValueProvider传递Model
NameValueCollectionValueProvider的是一个不对Key进行唯一性约束的键值列表，并且其Value只能是字符串。而DictionaryValueProvider才是真正意义上的键值对。Key有唯一性约束、Value可以是任何之。继承自DictionaryValueProvider的子类有以下几种
2.1： HttpFileCollectionValueProvider上传文件的绑定
HTML：
@using (Html.BeginForm("TestFormValueProvider", "Home", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" }))
{
<input type="text" name="testBox" value="" />
<input type="submit" value="提交" title="提交" />
<input type="file" name="file1"/>
<input type="file" name="file2"/>
<input type="file" name="file3"/>
<input type="file" name="file1"/>
}
HTML代码
Controller中获取从Html中上传的文件
HttpFileCollectionValueProvider files = new HttpFileCollectionValueProvider(ControllerContext);
object test = files.GetValue("file1").ConvertTo(typeof(HttpPostedFileWrapper[]));
var tes = test as HttpPostedFileWrapper[];
foreach (var t in tes)
{
t.SaveAs(Server.MapPath("../Content") + "/"+t.FileName);
}
因为文件上传控件中有两个Name是file1的。所以得到的是两个文件
2.2： RouteDataValueProvider传递RouteData中的Values属性到View
public ActionResult Index()
{
// Pass data in RouteDataDictionary
RouteDataValueProvider provider = new RouteDataValueProvider(ControllerContext); return View(provider);
}
Controller
View中接收来自Controller的 Model
@Model RouteDataValueProvider
<h2>Index</h2>
<h3>@Model.GetValue("controller").ConvertTo(typeof(string))</h3>
<h3>@Model.GetValue("action").ConvertTo(typeof(string))</h3>
View
2.3： ChildActionValueProvider传递RouteData中的Value到子Action中的View
MVC中有很多HTMLHelper的扩展方法用于生成当前View的子View
// Summary:
// Represents support for calling child action methods and rendering the result
// inline in a parent view.
public static class ChildActionExtensions
{
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method and returns the result as an HTML
// string.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the action method to invoke.
//
// Returns:
// The child action result as an HTML string.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static MvcHtmlString Action(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method with the specified parameters and
// returns the result as an HTML string.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the action method to invoke.
//
// routeValues:
// An object that contains the parameters for a route. You can use routeValues
// to provide the parameters that are bound to the action method parameters.
// The routeValues parameter is merged with the original route values and overrides
// them.
//
// Returns:
// The child action result as an HTML string.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static MvcHtmlString Action(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, object routeValues);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified parameters
// and returns the result as an HTML string.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the action method to invoke.
//
// routeValues:
// A dictionary that contains the parameters for a route. You can use routeValues
// to provide the parameters that are bound to the action method parameters.
// The routeValues parameter is merged with the original route values and overrides
// them.
//
// Returns:
// The child action result as an HTML string.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static MvcHtmlString Action(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, RouteValueDictionary routeValues);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified controller
// name and returns the result as an HTML string.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the action method to invoke.
//
// controllerName:
// The name of the controller that contains the action method.
//
// Returns:
// The child action result as an HTML string.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static MvcHtmlString Action(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, string controllerName);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified parameters
// and controller name and returns the result as an HTML string.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the action method to invoke.
//
// controllerName:
// The name of the controller that contains the action method.
//
// routeValues:
// An object that contains the parameters for a route. You can use routeValues
// to provide the parameters that are bound to the action method parameters.
// The routeValues parameter is merged with the original route values and overrides
// them.
//
// Returns:
// The child action result as an HTML string.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static MvcHtmlString Action(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, string controllerName, object routeValues);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified parameters
// and controller name and returns the result as an HTML string.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the action method to invoke.
//
// controllerName:
// The name of the controller that contains the action method.
//
// routeValues:
// A dictionary that contains the parameters for a route. You can use routeValues
// to provide the parameters that are bound to the action method parameters.
// The routeValues parameter is merged with the original route values and overrides
// them.
//
// Returns:
// The child action result as an HTML string.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static MvcHtmlString Action(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, string controllerName, RouteValueDictionary routeValues);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method and renders the result inline in
// the parent view.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the child action method to invoke.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static void RenderAction(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified parameters
// and renders the result inline in the parent view.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the child action method to invoke.
//
// routeValues:
// An object that contains the parameters for a route. You can use routeValues
// to provide the parameters that are bound to the action method parameters.
// The routeValues parameter is merged with the original route values and overrides
// them.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static void RenderAction(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, object routeValues);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified parameters
// and renders the result inline in the parent view.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the child action method to invoke.
//
// routeValues:
// A dictionary that contains the parameters for a route. You can use routeValues
// to provide the parameters that are bound to the action method parameters.
// The routeValues parameter is merged with the original route values and overrides
// them.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static void RenderAction(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, RouteValueDictionary routeValues);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified controller
// name and renders the result inline in the parent view.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the child action method to invoke.
//
// controllerName:
// The name of the controller that contains the action method.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static void RenderAction(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, string controllerName);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified parameters
// and controller name and renders the result inline in the parent view.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the child action method to invoke.
//
// controllerName:
// The name of the controller that contains the action method.
//
// routeValues:
// An object that contains the parameters for a route. You can use routeValues
// to provide the parameters that are bound to the action method parameters.
// The routeValues parameter is merged with the original route values and overrides
// them.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static void RenderAction(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, string controllerName, object routeValues);
//
// Summary:
// Invokes the specified child action method using the specified parameters
// and controller name and renders the result inline in the parent view.
//
// Parameters:
// htmlHelper:
// The HTML helper instance that this method extends.
//
// actionName:
// The name of the child action method to invoke.
//
// controllerName:
// The name of the controller that contains the action method.
//
// routeValues:
// A dictionary that contains the parameters for a route. You can use routeValues
// to provide the parameters that are bound to the action method parameters.
// The routeValues parameter is merged with the original route values and overrides
// them.
//
// Exceptions:
// System.ArgumentNullException:
// The htmlHelper parameter is null.
//
// System.ArgumentException:
// The actionName parameter is null or empty.
//
// System.InvalidOperationException:
// The required virtual path data cannot be found.
public static void RenderAction(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string actionName, string controllerName, RouteValueDictionary routeValues);
}
MVC Library Code
首先定义一个View在它里面包含一个子的View(通过以上的扩展方法)
<div>
@Html.Action("ChildActionMethod","Test", new {Name="John", Age="32"});
</div>
接着在他所指向的Controller中我们接收这个扩展方法的ChildActionValueProvider
public ActionResult ChildActionMethod() {
ChildActionValueProvider child = new ChildActionValueProvider(ControllerContext);
return View(child);
}
改Action方法指向的View就是子View中的内容
<h3>@Model.GetValue("Name").ConvertTo(typeof(string))</h3>
<h3>@Model.GetValue("Age").ConvertTo(typeof(string))</h3>
呈现的效果类似于：
使用ValueProviderCollection传递Model。
Controller端代码
NameValueCollection nCollection = new NameValueCollection() { };
nCollection.Add("Name", "John");
nCollection.Add("Age", "");
NameValueCollectionValueProvider provider1 = new NameValueCollectionValueProvider(nCollection,CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
Dictionary<string, string> routeData = new Dictionary<string, string>();
routeData.Add("Controller", "MyController");
routeData.Add("Action", "MyController");
DictionaryValueProvider<string> provider2 = new DictionaryValueProvider<string>(routeData, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
List<IValueProvider> providers = new List<IValueProvider>();
providers.Add(provider1);
providers.Add(provider2);
ValueProviderCollection collection = new ValueProviderCollection(new List<IValueProvider>(providers));
return View(collection);
View中可以使用Model.GetValue("...").ConvertTo(..)的方式获取ProviderCollection中传递过来的值。虽然该Collection中包含各种Provider的类型。但是ProviderCollection提供了类似于ValueProvider的GetValues方法。 他会从当前的所有Provider中找到第一个匹配的值。
反之从View中往Controller中的传值也是一样的。
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