C# winform中自定义精确定时器(经测试稳定可靠)

原C#的定时器时间越长，误差越大。

在主动请求设备数据的使用，使用C#的几种自带定时器导致每天都会丢失几条数据。

经测试使用自定义的定时器可完全解决此问题。

使用方法:

MillisecondTimer _sysTimer;

_sysTimer = new MillisecondTimer();
_sysTimer.Tick += sysTimer_Tick; ;
_sysTimer.Interval = 1000; //每秒执行
_sysTimer.Start();

private void sysTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

//需要定时执行的内容

}

自定义类（MillisecondTimer.cs）如下：

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.ComponentModel;

namespace TEST
{
    public sealed class MillisecondTimer : IComponent, IDisposable
    {

        private static TimerCaps caps;
        private int interval;
        private bool isRunning;
        private int resolution;
        private TimerCallback timerCallback;
        private int timerID;

        public int Interval
        {
            get
            {
                return this.interval;
            }
            set
            {
                if ((value < caps.periodMin) || (value > caps.periodMax))
                {
                    throw new Exception("超出计时范围！");
                }
                this.interval = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsRunning
        {
            get
            {
                return this.isRunning;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///
        /// </summary>
        public ISite Site
        {
            set;
            get;
        }

        public event EventHandler Disposed;  // 这个事件实现了IComponet接口
        public event EventHandler Tick;

        static MillisecondTimer()
        {
            timeGetDevCaps(ref caps, Marshal.SizeOf(caps));
        }

        public MillisecondTimer()
        {
            this.interval = caps.periodMin;    //
            this.resolution = caps.periodMin;  //

            this.isRunning = false;
            this.timerCallback = new TimerCallback(this.TimerEventCallback);

        }

        public MillisecondTimer(IContainer container)
            : this()
        {
            container.Add(this);
        }

        ~MillisecondTimer()
        {
            timeKillEvent(this.timerID);
        }

        public void Start()
        {
            if (!this.isRunning)
            {
                this.timerID = timeSetEvent(this.interval, this.resolution, this.timerCallback, , ); // 间隔性地运行

                if (this.timerID == )
                {
                    throw new Exception("无法启动计时器");
                }
                this.isRunning = true;
            }
        }

        public void Stop()
        {
            if (this.isRunning)
            {
                timeKillEvent(this.timerID);
                this.isRunning = false;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 实现IDisposable接口
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            timeKillEvent(this.timerID);
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
            EventHandler disposed = this.Disposed;
            if (disposed != null)
            {
                disposed(this, EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }

        //***************************************************  内部函数  ******************************************************************
        [DllImport("winmm.dll")]
        private static extern int timeSetEvent(int delay, int resolution, TimerCallback callback, int user, int mode);

        [DllImport("winmm.dll")]
        private static extern int timeKillEvent(int id);

        [DllImport("winmm.dll")]
        private static extern int timeGetDevCaps(ref TimerCaps caps, int sizeOfTimerCaps);
        //  The timeGetDevCaps function queries the timer device to determine its resolution. 

        private void TimerEventCallback(int id, int msg, int user, int param1, int param2)
        {
            if (this.Tick != null)
            {
                this.Tick(this, null);  // 引发事件
            }
        }

        //***************************************************  内部类型  ******************************************************************

        private delegate void TimerCallback(int id, int msg, int user, int param1, int param2); // timeSetEvent所对应的回调函数的签名

        /// <summary>
        /// 定时器的分辨率（resolution）。单位是ms，毫秒
        /// </summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        private struct TimerCaps
        {
            public int periodMin;
            public int periodMax;
        }

    }
}