How to ping and test for a specific port from Linux or Unix command line

Use telnet command

The syntax is:
telnet {host} {port}
telnet www.cyberciti.biz 80
telnet 192.168.2.254 80
Sample outputs:

Trying 192.168.2.254...
Connected to router.
Escape character is '^]'.
^]
telnet> q
Connection closed.

To close your session, press Ctrl+]+q.

Use nc command

The syntax is:
nc -vz {host} {port}
nc -vz 192.168.2.254 80
nc -vz www.cyberciti.biz 443
Sample outputs:

found 0 associations
found 1 connections:
1: flags=82<connected,preferred>
outif utun1
src 10.8.0.2 port 54997
dst 104.20.187.5 port 443
rank info not available
TCP aux info available

Connection to www.cyberciti.biz port 443 [tcp/https] succeeded!

Use nmap command

The syntax is:
nmap -PNp {port} {host}
nmap -p {port} {host}
nmap -p 22 www.cyberciti.biz
nmap -p 443 192.168.2.254
Sample outputs:

Starting Nmap 7.40 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2017-05-24 01:00 IST
Nmap scan report for router (192.168.2.254)
Host is up (0.00034s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
443/tcp open https

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.04 seconds

See “Top 32 Nmap Command Examples For Sys/Network Admins” for more info.

Use bash shell

The syntax is as follows:

## check for tcp port ##
## need bash shell ##
(echo >/dev/tcp/{host}/{port}) &>/dev/null && echo "open" || echo "close"
(echo >/dev/udp/{host}/{port}) &>/dev/null && echo "open" || echo "close"
(echo >/dev/tcp/www.cyberciti.biz/22) &>/dev/null && echo "Open 22" || echo "Close 22"
(echo >/dev/tcp/www.cyberciti.biz/443) &>/dev/null && echo "Open 443" || echo "Close 443"

Sample outputs:

Close 22
Open 443

Use nping command

Nping is an open-source tool for network packet generation, response analysis and response time measurement. Nping allows users to generate network packets of a wide range of protocols, letting them tunevirtually any field of the protocol headers. While Nping can be used as a simple ping utility to detect active hosts, it can also be used as a raw packet generator. The syntax is:
sudo nping --tcp -p {port} {host}
sudo nping --tcp -p 443 www.cyberciti.biz
Sample outputs:

Fig.01: nping just pinged www.cyberciti.biz host at port 443