安装MySQLdb模块遭遇"fatal error: my_config.h: No such file or directory"的处理

Issue

 

    I encountered an error when I run the python script which need to import the module of "MySQLdb".The error shows like this:

 

[root@docker1 script]# python Xtrabackup.py

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "backup.py", line 11, in <module>

    import MySQLdb

ImportError: No module named MySQLdb

 

    Then I downloaded and installed the latest version of pip to install MySQLdb module:

 

[root@docker1 pip-18.0]# python setup.py install

...

[root@docker1 pip-18.0]# pip --version

pip 18.0 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-18.0-py2.7.egg/pip (python 2.7)

 

    But it still doesn't work.it showed "fatal error: my_config.h: No such file or directory":

 

[root@docker1 script]# easy_install pip

Searching for pip

Best match: pip 18.0

Processing pip-18.0-py2.7.egg

pip 18.0 is already the active version in easy-install.pth

Installing pip script to /usr/bin

Installing pip2.7 script to /usr/bin

Installing pip2 script to /usr/bin

 

Using /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-18.0-py2.7.egg

Processing dependencies for pip

Finished processing dependencies for pip

[root@docker1 script]# pip install mysql-python

Collecting mysql-python

  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a5/e9/51b544da85a36a68debe7a7091f068d802fc515a3a202652828c73453cad/MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip

Installing collected packages: mysql-python

  Running setup.py install for mysql-python ... error

    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-pm5hyO/mysql-python/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-GBdMPj/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:

    running install

    running build

    running build_py

    creating build

    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7

    copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7

    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb

    copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb

    copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb

    copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb

    copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb

    copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb

    copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb

    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants

    copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants

    copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants

    copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants

    copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants

    copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants

    copying MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants

    copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants

    running build_ext

    building '_mysql' extension

    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7

    gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 -I/usr/local/mysql/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o

    _mysql.c:44:23: fatal error: my_config.h: No such file or directory

     #include "my_config.h"

                           ^

    compilation terminated.

    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

    

    ----------------------------------------

Command "/usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-pm5hyO/mysql-python/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-GBdMPj/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-pm5hyO/mysql-python/

[root@docker1 script]# 

 

    I even download the MySQL-python package without pip tool to install MySQLdb module,but it turned out to be the same error like using pip.

 

[root@docker1script]# cd MySQL-python-1.2.5

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]# ll

total 171

drwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 18 10:17 doc

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 18092 Oct 8 2012 GPL-2.0

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 5687 Jan 1 2013 HISTORY

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 6636 Oct 8 2012 INSTALL

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 309 Jan 2 2014 MANIFEST.in

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 2039 Jan 2 2014 metadata.cfg

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 84709 Jan 2 2014 _mysql.c

drwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 18 10:17 MySQLdb

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 2352 Oct 8 2012 _mysql_exceptions.py

drwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 18 10:17 MySQL_python.egg-info

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 1689 Jan 2 2014 PKG-INFO

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 3203 Oct 8 2012 pymemcompat.h

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 1266 Oct 4 2012 README.md

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 398 Jan 2 2014 setup.cfg

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 1088 Oct 8 2012 setup_common.py

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 3392 Jan 2 2014 setup_posix.py

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 609 Jan 2 2014 setup.py

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 1334 Oct 8 2012 setup_windows.py

-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 665 Oct 8 2012 site.cfg

drwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 18 10:17 tests

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]# python setup.py install

...

_mysql.c:44:23: fatal error: my_config.h: No such file or directory

 #include "my_config.h"

                       ^

compilation terminated.

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

 

    After that,I search for a workaround in google,someone says that I need't to install mysql-devel package first:

 

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]# yum install mysql-devel

...

Error: mariadb101u-common conflicts with 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

Error: mariadb101u-config conflicts with 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

Error: mariadb101u-libs conflicts with 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem

 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

 

    There were some confilcts with package mariadb-llibs when installing mysql-devel package.Then I have to erase it first:

 

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]# rpm -e mariadb-libs

error: Failed dependencies:

 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-6.el7.x86_64

 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) python27-MySQL-python-1.2.3-11.el7.x86_64

 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-6.el7.x86_64

 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) python27-MySQL-python-1.2.3-11.el7.x86_64

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]# rpm -e --force mariadb-libs 

rpm: only installation and upgrading may be forced

rpm -e -Va --nofiles --nodigest mariadb-libs

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

warning: /etc/my.cnf saved as /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave

 

    After I've erased the package of mariadb-lib,the my.cnf will be saved as my.cnf.rpmnew and my.cnf.rpmsave.The default my.cnf was missing.

 

[root@docker1 etc]# ll|grep my

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 2540 Sep 17 10:05 my3306.cnf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 570 Aug 16 22:00 my.cnf.rpmnew

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 83 Sep 12 13:34 my.cnf.rpmsave

[root@docker1 etc]# cat my.cnf

cat: my.cnf: No such file or directory

 

    And then the afterward installation was extremly successful.

 

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]# yum install mysql-devel

...

Installed:

  mariadb101u-devel.x86_64 1:10.1.32-1.ius.centos7                                                                                                   

 

Dependency Installed:

  mariadb101u-common.x86_64 1:10.1.32-1.ius.centos7 mariadb101u-config.x86_64 1:10.1.32-1.ius.centos7                        

  mariadb101u-libs.x86_64 1:10.1.32-1.ius.centos7                          

 

Complete!

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]# pip install mysql-python

Collecting mysql-python

  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a5/e9/51b544da85a36a68debe7a7091f068d802fc515a3a202652828c73453cad/MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip

Installing collected packages: mysql-python

  Running setup.py install for mysql-python ... done

Successfully installed mysql-python-1.2.5

[root@docker1 MySQL-python-1.2.5]#