网页中NPIO对Excel的操作实例

上一节是在wpf中实现对excel的操作方法，这一节看看网页中如何封装实现对excel的上传导入和下载保存的。

看看效果图：

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" alt="" />

--------------------------

1、同样封装工具类Tools:

   public class Tools
    {

        #region 读excel
        public static DataTable ImportExcelFile(string filepath)
        {
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();

            //打开excel对话框

            if (filepath != null)
            {

                HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook = null;
                #region//初始化信息
                try
                {
                    using (FileStream file = new FileStream(filepath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                    {
                        hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    throw e;
                }
                #endregion

                var sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt();
                System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();

                for (int j = ; j < (sheet.GetRow().LastCellNum); j++)
                {
                    dt.Columns.Add(Convert.ToChar(((int)'A') + j).ToString());
                }
                while (rows.MoveNext())
                {
                    HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow)rows.Current;
                    DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                    for (int i = ; i < row.LastCellNum; i++)
                    {
                        var cell = row.GetCell(i);
                        if (cell == null)
                        {
                            dr[i] = "";
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            dr[i] = cell.ToString();
                        }
                    }
                    dt.Rows.Add(dr);
                }
            }
            return dt;
        }
        #endregion

        #region list转datatable
        public static DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(IEnumerable<T> c)
        {
            var props = typeof(T).GetProperties();
            var dt = new DataTable();
            dt.Columns.AddRange(props.Select(p => new DataColumn(p.Name, p.PropertyType)).ToArray());
            if (c.Count() > )
            {
                for (int i = ; i < c.Count(); i++)
                {
                    ArrayList tempList = new ArrayList();
                    foreach (PropertyInfo item in props)
                    {
                        object obj = item.GetValue(c.ElementAt(i), null);
                        tempList.Add(obj);
                    }
                    dt.LoadDataRow(tempList.ToArray(), true);
                }
            }
            return dt;
        }
        #endregion
        #region 写入excel
        public static MemoryStream WriteExcel<T>(IList<T> list)
        {

            //list转datatable
            var dt = ListToDataTable<T>(list);

            if (null != dt && dt.Rows.Count > )
            {
                NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook book = new NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook();
                NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet = book.CreateSheet("Sheet1");

                NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row = sheet.CreateRow();
                for (int i = ; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
                {
                    row.CreateCell(i).SetCellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
                }
                for (int i = ; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
                {
                    NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row2 = sheet.CreateRow(i + );
                    for (int j = ; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
                    {
                        row2.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(Convert.ToString(dt.Rows[i][j]));
                    }
                }
                // 写入到客户端
                System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream(); ;

                book.Write(ms);
                ms.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                book = null;
                return ms;

            }
            return null;
        }
        #endregion
    }

2、网页界面设计：

@model IEnumerable<网页中NPIO对Excel的操作.Models.User>

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}

<h2>Index</h2>
、导入数据：
@*enctype= "multipart/form-data"是必需有的，否则action接收不到相应的file*@
@using (Html.BeginForm("Upload", "Home", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" }))
{
    <br />
    <span>上传文件</span>
    <br />
    <input type="file" name="file" id="file1" />
    <br />
    <br />
    <input id="ButtonUpload" type="submit" value="提交" class="btn btn-primary" />
}<br />
<hr />
、导出数据：
<a href="/Home/Save">保存成excel</a>

<p>
    @Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create")
</p>
<table>
    <tr>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.name)
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.pwd)
        </th>
        <th></th>
    </tr>
    @if (Model != null) {
    foreach (var item in Model)
    {
        <tr>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.name)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.pwd)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { /* id=item.PrimaryKey */ }) |
                @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { /* id=item.PrimaryKey */ }) |
                @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { /* id=item.PrimaryKey */ })
            </td>
        </tr>
    }
    }

</table>

3、上传导入

  public ActionResult Index()
        {

            return View(this.TempData["users"]);
        }
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Upload(HttpPostedFileBase file)
        {
            if (file == null)
            {
                return Content("没有文件！", "text/plain");
            }

            var tempname = DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime() + Path.GetExtension(file.FileName);
            var filename = tempname.Replace("/", "").Replace(" ", "").Replace(":", "");
            var fileName = Path.Combine(Request.MapPath("~/Upload"), Path.GetFileName(filename));
            try
            {
                file.SaveAs(fileName);
            }
            catch
            {
                return Content("上传异常 ！", "text/plain");
            }
            var dt = Tools.ImportExcelFile(fileName);
            if (dt == null)
                return Content("取消");
            List<User> list = new List<User>();
            for (int i = ; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                var row = dt.Rows[i];
                list.Add(new User() {
                    name = row[].ToString(),
                    pwd = row[].ToString()
                });

            }
            TempData["users"] = list;
            Session["users"] = list;
            return RedirectToAction("index");
        }

4、保存下载

       public ActionResult Save()
        {
            var list = Session["users"] as List<User>;
            var ms = Tools.WriteExcel(list);
            if (ms == null)
                return Content("保存失败,数据无效");

            return File(ms, "application/vnd.ms-excel", "用户名单.xls");
        }
//以下这个方法只作参考，实现保存下载就用上面方法
        public ActionResult otherSave()
        {
            var list=Session["users"] as List<User>;
            if (list != null)
            {
                NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook book = new NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook();
                NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet = book.CreateSheet("Sheet1");

                // 第一列
                NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row = sheet.CreateRow();
                row.CreateCell().SetCellValue("姓名");
                row.CreateCell().SetCellValue("密码");

                // 第二列后
                for (int i = ; i < list.Count; i++)
                {
                    User user = list[i] as User;
                    IRow row2 = sheet.CreateRow(i+);
                    row2.CreateCell().SetCellValue(user.name);
                    row2.CreateCell().SetCellValue(user.pwd);
                }

                // 写入到客户端
                System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
                book.Write(ms);
                //下面两句也可以实现导出文件功能
                //Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment; filename={0}.xls", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff")));
                //Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
                book = null;

                ms.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                return File(ms, "application/vnd.ms-excel", "用户名单.xls");
                //ms.Close();
                //ms.Dispose();
            }
            else
            {
                return Content("无数据");
            }
            //return Content("OK");//使用response时打开此备注
        }