SSH框架搭建过程详解

Spring、Struts2、Hibernate框架：

具体三大框架的知识以前的文章写过，在这里整合

Spring框架知识：http://www.cnblogs.com/xuyiqing/category/1164340.html

Struts2框架知识：http://www.cnblogs.com/xuyiqing/category/1164341.html

Hibernate框架知识：http://www.cnblogs.com/xuyiqing/category/1163473.html

整合原理：

Struts2是WEB层的框架，Hibernate框架在DAO层操作数据库，Spring框架管理所有的对象

Struts2将Action对象交给Spring管理、Hibernate将SessionFactory、事务管理交给Spring

其实三大框架整合本质是Struts2框架和Hibernate框架分别把对象交给Spring来维护

这里不能凭空整合，而是整合做一个登录案例： 

第一步（关键）：导包（缺一不可）

不只是三大框架的包，还有数据库驱动、连接池等包，具体的是这些：

都可以在网上下载到

导包完成！

配置Spring容器：

在web.xml中配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>SSH</display-name>

  <!-- 让spring随web启动而创建的监听器 -->
  <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 配置spring配置文件位置参数 -->
  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 扩大session作用范围
      注意: 任何filter一定要在struts的filter之前调用
   -->
   <filter>
      <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <!-- struts2核心过滤器 -->
  <filter>
      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>

  <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

创建配置文件并且导入约束（非必须、建议导入）：

导入命名空间（这里不做详细介绍，百度）：

如果不清楚，直接复制下边的配置文件即可

applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">

    <!-- 读取db.properties文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    <!-- 配置c3p0连接池 -->
    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 核心事务管理器 -->
    <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager" >
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" ></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 整合AOP事务:这里采用注解方式，配置文件中这些代码是示例，不起作用 -->
    <!-- 配置通知 -->
    <!--
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
            <tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    -->
    <!-- 配置将通知织入目标对象
    配置切点
    配置切面 -->
    <!--
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" />
    </aop:config>
    -->
    <!-- ========================================================================================= -->
    <!-- 开启注解事务（这里采用） -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

    <!-- 将SessionFactory配置到spring容器中 -->
    <!-- 加载配置方案1（不推荐）:仍然使用外部的hibernate.cfg.xml配置信息 -->
    <!--
    <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" ></property>
    </bean>
    -->
    <!-- 加载配置方案（这里采用）:在spring配置中放置hibernate配置信息 -->
    <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
        <!-- 将连接池注入到sessionFactory, hibernate会通过连接池获得连接 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
        <!-- 配置hibernate基本信息（四大基本配置已经在dataSource中配置过） -->
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect" >org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql" >true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql" >true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" >update</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <!-- 引入orm元数据,指定orm元数据所在的包路径,spring会自动读取包中的所有配置 -->
        <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations" value="classpath:domain" ></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- action -->
    <!-- 注意:Action对象作用范围一定是多例的.这样才符合struts2架构 -->
    <bean name="userAction" class="web.action.UserAction" scope="prototype" >
        <property name="userService" ref="userService" ></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- service -->
    <bean name="userService" class="service.impl.UserServiceImpl" >
        <property name="ud" ref="userDao" ></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- dao -->
    <bean name="userDao" class="dao.impl.UserDaoImpl" >
        <!-- 注入sessionFactory -->
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" ></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

db.properties:

数据库四大基本配置的键值对：

这里加入jdbc.前缀为了防止读取时候与其他类冲突

jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///hibernate
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=xuyiqing

struts2配置文件：

struts.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
    <!-- #  struts.objectFactory = spring    将action的创建交给spring容器
            struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name spring负责装配Action依赖属性
            -->
    <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"></constant>

    <package name="crm" namespace="/" extends="struts-default" >
        <global-exception-mappings>
            <exception-mapping result="error" exception="java.lang.RuntimeException"></exception-mapping>
        </global-exception-mappings>

        <!-- 整合方案1:class属性上仍然配置action的完整类名
                struts2仍然创建action,由spring负责组装Action中的依赖属性
         -->
         <!--
             整合方案2(这里采用):class属性上填写spring中action对象的BeanName
                 完全由spring管理action生命周期,包括Action的创建
                 注意:需要手动组装依赖属性
          -->
        <action name="UserAction_*" class="userAction" method="{1}" >
            <result name="toHome" type="redirect" >/index.htm</result>
            <result name="error" >/login.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

接下来完成案例：

User实体类：

package domain;

public class User {
    /*
     * CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
      `user_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户id',
      `user_code` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户账号',
      `user_name` varchar(64) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户昵称',
      `user_password` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户密码',
      `user_state` char(1) NOT NULL COMMENT '1:正常,0:暂停',
       PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
     */
    private Long user_id;
    private String user_code;
    private String user_name;
    private String user_password;
    private Character user_state;
    public Long getUser_id() {
        return user_id;
    }
    public void setUser_id(Long user_id) {
        this.user_id = user_id;
    }
    public String getUser_code() {
        return user_code;
    }
    public void setUser_code(String user_code) {
        this.user_code = user_code;
    }
    public String getUser_name() {
        return user_name;
    }
    public void setUser_name(String user_name) {
        this.user_name = user_name;
    }
    public String getUser_password() {
        return user_password;
    }
    public void setUser_password(String user_password) {
        this.user_password = user_password;
    }
    public Character getUser_state() {
        return user_state;
    }
    public void setUser_state(Character user_state) {
        this.user_state = user_state;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [user_id=" + user_id + ", user_code=" + user_code + ", user_name=" + user_name + ", user_password="
                + user_password + "]";
    }

}

ORM元数据配置：User.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="domain" >
    <class name="User" table="sys_user" >
        <id name="user_id"  >
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="user_code"  ></property>
        <property name="user_name"  ></property>
        <property name="user_password"  ></property>
        <property name="user_state"  ></property>

    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

WEB层：

package web.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

import domain.User;
import service.UserService;

public class UserAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {
    private User user = new User();

    private UserService userService ;

    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }

    public String login() throws Exception {
            //1 调用Service执行登陆逻辑
            User u = userService.getUserByCodePassword(user);
            //2 将返回的User对象放入session域
            ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user", u);
            //3 重定向到项目首页
        return "toHome";
    }

    @Override
    public User getModel() {
        return user;
    }

}

SERVICE层（这里注解配置AOP事务）：

package service;

import domain.User;

public interface UserService {
    //登陆方法
    User getUserByCodePassword(User u);
    //注册用户
    void saveUser(User u);
}

package service.impl;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import dao.UserDao;
import domain.User;
import service.UserService;

@Transactional(isolation=Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ,propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=true)
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    private UserDao ud;

    @Override
    public User getUserByCodePassword(User u) {
            //1 根据登陆名称查询登陆用户
            User existU = ud.getByUserCode(u.getUser_code());
            //2 判断用户是否存在.不存在=>抛出异常,提示用户名不存在
            if(existU==null){
                throw new RuntimeException("用户名不存在!");
            }
            //3 判断用户密码是否正确=>不正确=>抛出异常,提示密码错误
            if(!existU.getUser_password().equals(u.getUser_password())){
                throw new RuntimeException("密码错误!");
            }
            //4 返回查询到的用户对象

        return existU;
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional(isolation=Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ,propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=false)
    public void saveUser(User u) {
        ud.save(u);
    }

    public void setUd(UserDao ud) {
        this.ud = ud;
    }

}

DAO层：

package dao;

import domain.User;

public interface UserDao {

    //根据登陆名称查询user对象
    User getByUserCode(String usercode);
    //保存用户
    void save(User u);
}

package dao.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateCallback;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

import dao.UserDao;
import domain.User;
//HibernateDaoSupport 为dao注入sessionFactory
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

    @Override
    public User getByUserCode(final String usercode) {
        //HQL查询方式
        return getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<User>() {
            @Override
            public User doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException {
                    String hql = "from User where user_code = ? ";
                    Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
                    query.setParameter(0, usercode);
                    User user = (User) query.uniqueResult();
                return user;
            }
        });
        //Criteria查询方式
        /*

        DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(User.class);

        dc.add(Restrictions.eq("user_code", usercode));

        List<User> list = (List<User>) getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(dc);

        if(list != null && list.size()>0){
            return list.get(0);
        }else{
            return null;
        }

        */
    }

    @Override
    public void save(User u) {
        getHibernateTemplate().save(u);
    }

}

前端JSP登录页面表单：

<FORM action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/UserAction_login"  method=post>
<INPUT  style="WIDTH: 130px" name="user_code">
<INPUT  type="password" name="user_password">
<INPUT  type="submit" value="提交">
</FORM>

完成！