mysqldump速查手册
一、mysqldump用法
1.1 常见选项
--all-databases, -A： 备份所有数据库
--databases, -B： 用于备份多个数据库，如果没有该选项，mysqldump把第一个名字参数作为数据库名，后面的作为表名。使用该选项，mysqldum把每个名字都当作为数据库名。
--force, -f：即使发现sql错误，仍然继续备份
--host=host_name, -h host_name：备份主机名，默认为localhost
--no-data, -d：只导出表结构
--password[=password], -p[password]：密码
--port=port_num, -P port_num：制定TCP/IP连接时的端口号
--quick, -q：快速导出
--tables：覆盖 --databases or -B选项，后面所跟参数被视作表名
--user=user_name, -u user_name：用户名
--xml, -X：导出为xml文件
-t, --no-create-info: 不导出表结构
1.2 应用场景
定义要备份的路径变量
filename=/data/backup/datatase_$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H).tar.gz
备份数据库
# 全部数据库
mysqldump -A > /data/backup/all.sql
-A 全部数据库
默认会导出表结构和数据
-t 不导表结构
-d 不导数据
# 一个数据库
mysqldump db1 > /data/backup/db1.sql
# 多个数据库
mysqldump -B db1 db2 > /data/backup/db1db2.sql
备份表
mysqldump db1 t1 t2 > /data/backup/db1_t1t2.sql
其他设置
# 备份后压缩
mysqldump --A | gzip > filename
# 设置字符集
mysqldump --default-character-set=gb2312 db1 tb1 > tb1.sql
还原数据
# 在shell命令行
mysql < /data/backup/all.sql
mysql db1 < /data/backup/db1.sql
# 在mysql命令行
source /data/backup/all.sql
二、扩展
2.1 mysqldump帮助
[root@centos7 ~]# mysqldump --help
mysqldump Ver 10.13 Distrib 5.6.29, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Dumping structure and contents of MySQL databases and tables.
Usage: mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables]
OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...]
OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS]
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
The following groups are read: mysqldump client
The following options may be given as the first argument:
--print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit.
--no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file,
except for login file.
--defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #.
--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read.
--defaults-group-suffix=#
Also read groups with concat(group, suffix)
--login-path=# Read this path from the login file.
-A, --all-databases Dump all the databases. This will be same as --databases
with all databases selected.
-Y, --all-tablespaces
Dump all the tablespaces.
-y, --no-tablespaces
Do not dump any tablespace information.
--add-drop-database Add a DROP DATABASE before each create.
--add-drop-table Add a DROP TABLE before each create.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-add-drop-table to disable.)
--add-drop-trigger Add a DROP TRIGGER before each create.
--add-locks Add locks around INSERT statements.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-add-locks to disable.)
--allow-keywords Allow creation of column names that are keywords.
--apply-slave-statements
Adds 'STOP SLAVE' prior to 'CHANGE MASTER' and 'START
SLAVE' to bottom of dump.
--bind-address=name IP address to bind to.
--character-sets-dir=name
Directory for character set files.
-i, --comments Write additional information.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-comments to disable.)
--compatible=name Change the dump to be compatible with a given mode. By
default tables are dumped in a format optimized for
MySQL. Legal modes are: ansi, mysql323, mysql40,
postgresql, oracle, mssql, db2, maxdb, no_key_options,
no_table_options, no_field_options. One can use several
modes separated by commas. Note: Requires MySQL server
version 4.1.0 or higher. This option is ignored with
earlier server versions.
--compact Give less verbose output (useful for debugging). Disables
structure comments and header/footer constructs. Enables
options --skip-add-drop-table --skip-add-locks
--skip-comments --skip-disable-keys --skip-set-charset.
-c, --complete-insert
Use complete insert statements.
-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol.
-a, --create-options
Include all MySQL specific create options.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-create-options to disable.)
-B, --databases Dump several databases. Note the difference in usage; in
this case no tables are given. All name arguments are
regarded as database names. 'USE db_name;' will be
included in the output.
-#, --debug[=#] This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.
--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit.
--debug-info Print some debug info at exit.
--default-character-set=name
Set the default character set.
--delayed-insert Insert rows with INSERT DELAYED.
--delete-master-logs
Delete logs on master after backup. This automatically
enables --master-data.
-K, --disable-keys '/*!40000 ALTER TABLE tb_name DISABLE KEYS */; and
'/*!40000 ALTER TABLE tb_name ENABLE KEYS */; will be put
in the output.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-disable-keys to disable.)
--dump-slave[=#] This causes the binary log position and filename of the
master to be appended to the dumped data output. Setting
the value to 1, will printit as a CHANGE MASTER command
in the dumped data output; if equal to 2, that command
will be prefixed with a comment symbol. This option will
turn --lock-all-tables on, unless --single-transaction is
specified too (in which case a global read lock is only
taken a short time at the beginning of the dump - don't
forget to read about --single-transaction below). In all
cases any action on logs will happen at the exact moment
of the dump.Option automatically turns --lock-tables off.
-E, --events Dump events.
-e, --extended-insert
Use multiple-row INSERT syntax that include several
VALUES lists.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-extended-insert to disable.)
--fields-terminated-by=name
Fields in the output file are terminated by the given
string.
--fields-enclosed-by=name
Fields in the output file are enclosed by the given
character.
--fields-optionally-enclosed-by=name
Fields in the output file are optionally enclosed by the
given character.
--fields-escaped-by=name
Fields in the output file are escaped by the given
character.
-F, --flush-logs Flush logs file in server before starting dump. Note that
if you dump many databases at once (using the option
--databases= or --all-databases), the logs will be
flushed for each database dumped. The exception is when
using --lock-all-tables or --master-data: in this case
the logs will be flushed only once, corresponding to the
moment all tables are locked. So if you want your dump
and the log flush to happen at the same exact moment you
should use --lock-all-tables or --master-data with
--flush-logs.
--flush-privileges Emit a FLUSH PRIVILEGES statement after dumping the mysql
database. This option should be used any time the dump
contains the mysql database and any other database that
depends on the data in the mysql database for proper
restore.
-f, --force Continue even if we get an SQL error.
-?, --help Display this help message and exit.
--hex-blob Dump binary strings (BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB) in
hexadecimal format.
-h, --host=name Connect to host.
--ignore-table=name Do not dump the specified table. To specify more than one
table to ignore, use the directive multiple times, once
for each table. Each table must be specified with both
database and table names, e.g.,
--ignore-table=database.table.
--include-master-host-port
Adds 'MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>' to 'CHANGE
MASTER TO..' in dump produced with --dump-slave.
--insert-ignore Insert rows with INSERT IGNORE.
--lines-terminated-by=name
Lines in the output file are terminated by the given
string.
-x, --lock-all-tables
Locks all tables across all databases. This is achieved
by taking a global read lock for the duration of the
whole dump. Automatically turns --single-transaction and
--lock-tables off.
-l, --lock-tables Lock all tables for read.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-lock-tables to disable.)
--log-error=name Append warnings and errors to given file.
--master-data[=#] This causes the binary log position and filename to be
appended to the output. If equal to 1, will print it as a
CHANGE MASTER command; if equal to 2, that command will
be prefixed with a comment symbol. This option will turn
--lock-all-tables on, unless --single-transaction is
specified too (in which case a global read lock is only
taken a short time at the beginning of the dump; don't
forget to read about --single-transaction below). In all
cases, any action on logs will happen at the exact moment
of the dump. Option automatically turns --lock-tables
off.
--max-allowed-packet=#
The maximum packet length to send to or receive from
server.
--net-buffer-length=#
The buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication.
--no-autocommit Wrap tables with autocommit/commit statements.
-n, --no-create-db Suppress the CREATE DATABASE ... IF EXISTS statement that
normally is output for each dumped database if
--all-databases or --databases is given.
-t, --no-create-info
Don't write table creation info.
-d, --no-data No row information.
-N, --no-set-names Same as --skip-set-charset.
--opt Same as --add-drop-table, --add-locks, --create-options,
--quick, --extended-insert, --lock-tables, --set-charset,
and --disable-keys. Enabled by default, disable with
--skip-opt.
--order-by-primary Sorts each table's rows by primary key, or first unique
key, if such a key exists. Useful when dumping a MyISAM
table to be loaded into an InnoDB table, but will make
the dump itself take considerably longer.
-p, --password[=name]
Password to use when connecting to server. If password is
not given it's solicited on the tty.
-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection.
--protocol=name The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe,
memory).
-q, --quick Don't buffer query, dump directly to stdout.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-quick to disable.)
-Q, --quote-names Quote table and column names with backticks (`).
(Defaults to on; use --skip-quote-names to disable.)
--replace Use REPLACE INTO instead of INSERT INTO.
-r, --result-file=name
Direct output to a given file. This option should be used
in systems (e.g., DOS, Windows) that use carriage-return
linefeed pairs (\r\n) to separate text lines. This option
ensures that only a single newline is used.
-R, --routines Dump stored routines (functions and procedures).
--set-charset Add 'SET NAMES default_character_set' to the output.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-set-charset to disable.)
--set-gtid-purged[=name]
Add 'SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED' to the output. Possible
values for this option are ON, OFF and AUTO. If ON is
used and GTIDs are not enabled on the server, an error is
generated. If OFF is used, this option does nothing. If
AUTO is used and GTIDs are enabled on the server, 'SET
@@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED' is added to the output. If GTIDs
are disabled, AUTO does nothing. If no value is supplied
then the default (AUTO) value will be considered.
--single-transaction
Creates a consistent snapshot by dumping all tables in a
single transaction. Works ONLY for tables stored in
storage engines which support multiversioning (currently
only InnoDB does); the dump is NOT guaranteed to be
consistent for other storage engines. While a
--single-transaction dump is in process, to ensure a
valid dump file (correct table contents and binary log
position), no other connection should use the following
statements: ALTER TABLE, DROP TABLE, RENAME TABLE,
TRUNCATE TABLE, as consistent snapshot is not isolated
from them. Option automatically turns off --lock-tables.
--dump-date Put a dump date to the end of the output.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-dump-date to disable.)
--skip-opt Disable --opt. Disables --add-drop-table, --add-locks,
--create-options, --quick, --extended-insert,
--lock-tables, --set-charset, and --disable-keys.
-S, --socket=name The socket file to use for connection.
--secure-auth Refuse client connecting to server if it uses old
(pre-4.1.1) protocol.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-secure-auth to disable.)
--ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with
other flags).
--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies
--ssl).
--ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).
--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).
--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-crl=name Certificate revocation list (implies --ssl).
--ssl-crlpath=name Certificate revocation list path (implies --ssl).
--ssl-verify-server-cert
Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against
hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by
default.
-T, --tab=name Create tab-separated textfile for each table to given
path. (Create .sql and .txt files.) NOTE: This only works
if mysqldump is run on the same machine as the mysqld
server.
--tables Overrides option --databases (-B).
--triggers Dump triggers for each dumped table.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-triggers to disable.)
--tz-utc SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' at top of dump to allow dumping of
TIMESTAMP data when a server has data in different time
zones or data is being moved between servers with
different time zones.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-tz-utc to disable.)
-u, --user=name User for login if not current user.
-v, --verbose Print info about the various stages.
-V, --version Output version information and exit.
-w, --where=name Dump only selected records. Quotes are mandatory.
-X, --xml Dump a database as well formed XML.
--plugin-dir=name Directory for client-side plugins.
--default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use.
--enable-cleartext-plugin
Enable/disable the clear text authentication plugin.
Variables (--variable-name=value)
and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options)
--------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
all-databases FALSE
all-tablespaces FALSE
no-tablespaces FALSE
add-drop-database FALSE
add-drop-table TRUE
add-drop-trigger FALSE
add-locks TRUE
allow-keywords FALSE
apply-slave-statements FALSE
bind-address (No default value)
character-sets-dir (No default value)
comments TRUE
compatible (No default value)
compact FALSE
complete-insert FALSE
compress FALSE
create-options TRUE
databases FALSE
debug-check FALSE
debug-info FALSE
default-character-set utf8
delayed-insert FALSE
delete-master-logs FALSE
disable-keys TRUE
dump-slave 0
events FALSE
extended-insert TRUE
fields-terminated-by (No default value)
fields-enclosed-by (No default value)
fields-optionally-enclosed-by (No default value)
fields-escaped-by (No default value)
flush-logs FALSE
flush-privileges FALSE
force FALSE
hex-blob FALSE
host (No default value)
include-master-host-port FALSE
insert-ignore FALSE
lines-terminated-by (No default value)
lock-all-tables FALSE
lock-tables TRUE
log-error (No default value)
master-data 0
max-allowed-packet 25165824
net-buffer-length 1046528
no-autocommit FALSE
no-create-db FALSE
no-create-info FALSE
no-data FALSE
order-by-primary FALSE
port 0
quick TRUE
quote-names TRUE
replace FALSE
routines FALSE
set-charset TRUE
single-transaction FALSE
dump-date TRUE
socket (No default value)
secure-auth TRUE
ssl FALSE
ssl-ca (No default value)
ssl-capath (No default value)
ssl-cert (No default value)
ssl-cipher (No default value)
ssl-key (No default value)
ssl-crl (No default value)
ssl-crlpath (No default value)
ssl-verify-server-cert FALSE
tab (No default value)
triggers TRUE
tz-utc TRUE
user (No default value)
verbose FALSE
where (No default value)
plugin-dir (No default value)
default-auth (No default value)
enable-cleartext-plugin FALSE
mysqldump速查手册的更多相关文章
- 《zw版·Halcon-delphi系列原创教程》 zw版-Halcon常用函数Top100中文速查手册
<zw版·Halcon-delphi系列原创教程> zw版-Halcon常用函数Top100中文速查手册 Halcon函数库非常庞大,v11版有1900多个算子(函数). 这个Top版,对 ...
- 25个有用的和方便的 WordPress 速查手册
如果你是 WordPress 开发人员,下载一些方便的 WordPress 备忘单可以在你需要的时候快速查找.下面这个列表,我们已经列出了25个有用的和方便的 WordPress 速查手册,赶紧收藏吧 ...
- R之data.table速查手册
R语言data.table速查手册 介绍 R中的data.table包提供了一个data.frame的高级版本,让你的程序做数据整型的运算速度大大的增加.data.table已经在金融,基因工程学等领 ...
- 25个有用和方便的 WordPress 速查手册
如果你是一个 WordPress 编码器或开发人员,下载一些方便的 WordPress 备忘单寻找你的工作然后你在正确的地方.我们已经列出了25个有用的和方便的 WordPress 速查手册.Word ...
- 几个较好的SQL速查手册网址
微软 SQL server 数据库开发手册 数据库设计 Transact-SQL 速查手册 数据库设计 MySQL 中文参考手册速查 结构化查询语言 SQL 学习手册速查 转自:http://www. ...
- web 开发：CSS3 常用属性——速查手册！
web 开发:CSS3 常用属性——速查手册! CSS3 简介:http://www.runoob.com/css3/css3-intro.html 1.目录 http://caniuse.com/ ...
- Markdown速查手册
之前一直使用简书做笔记,沉浸式的写作环境很棒.然而不知什么时候起,氛围愈发浮躁,软文鸡汤泛滥,离"简"字越来越远. 相比更加喜欢沉稳低调.内涵取胜的博客园.于是乎搬家! 搬家就要丢 ...
- Pandas速查手册中文版
本文翻译自文章: Pandas Cheat Sheet - Python for Data Science ,同时添加了部分注解. 对于数据科学家,无论是数据分析还是数据挖掘来说,Pandas是一个非 ...
- SSM 项目从搭建爬坑到 CentOS 服务器部署 - 速查手册
SSM 项目从搭建爬坑到 CentOS 服务器部署 - 速查手册 提示: (1)CSDN 博客左边有操作工具条上有文章目录 (2)SSM 指 Spring,Spring MVC,MyBatis Mav ...
随机推荐
- Numpy中重要的广播概念
Numpy中重要的广播概念 广播:简单理解为用于不同大小数组的二元通用函数(加.减.乘等)的一组规则 广播的规则: 如果两个数组的维度数dim不相同,那么小维度数组的形状将会在左边补1 如果shape ...
- 纯css模拟电子钟
先看效果 演示地址: https://yueminhu.github.io/di...点击左边拉环切换夜间模式. 用到了伪元素生成数字的小三角｀currentColor和color: inherit` ...
- H5新增API
H5新增API 选择器 querySelector()和querySelectorAll(),参数都是css选择器,前者返回符合条件的第一个匹配的元素,如果没有则返回Null,后者返回符合筛选条件的所 ...
- javaweb图书管理系统之不同用户跳转不同页面
关于分级自测题,我们知道该系统一共分为两个角色,一个是读者,一个是管理员,我们需要根据不同用户去到不同的页面,所以我们需要写一个登陆界面. 本文先写这个功能的实现,该功能主要在servlet里面实现. ...
- 【Android开发】【第三方SDK】蒲公英摇一摇
摇一摇用户信息反馈功能:用户通过摇晃手机或者触发按钮,弹出反馈信息界面,填写个人意见,上传服务器的功能. 1. 蒲公英官网注册应用,获取AppId作为唯一标识: 2. 下载sdk,获取pgyer_sd ...
- Ｏverride,Ｏverload,Ｏverwrite到底有什么区别？
Override,Overload,Overwrite的区别[新手可忽略不影响继续学习] 方法的覆盖(Override)是指子类重写从父类继承来的一个同名方法(参数.返回值也同),马克-to-win: ...
- jQuery实现数字时钟
运行效果: 源代码: 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="zh"> 3 <head> 4 <meta char ...
- 消息中间件MQ的学习境界和路线
在<深入理解Java类加载机制,再也不用死记硬背了>里我提到了对于一门语言的"会"的三个层次.本篇将以知识地图的形式展现学习消息中间件MQ各个层次要掌握的内容. 知识地 ...
- Grafana插件Plugin中文汉化
示例Github地址 汉化三方插件 前面说过汉化Grafana的工作.目前在7.2.1上面,大部分已经完成.细节继续完善. 今天考虑在第三方插件上做一些汉化.点到插件一看全是英文感觉很突出.领导看到了 ...
- 记录,element ui的日期选择器只有第一次回显成功
首先是这个 <el-date-picker v-model="value1" type="daterange" range-separator=" ...