02 drf源码剖析之快速了解drf

02 drf源码剖析之快速了解drf

目录

• 02 drf源码剖析之快速了解drf
  • 1. 什么是drf
  • 2. 安装
  • 3. 使用
  • 3. DRF的应用场景

1. 什么是drf

• drf是一个基于django开发的组件，本质是一个django的app
• drf可以为我们快速开发出一个遵循restful规范的程序。

2. 安装

pip3 install djangorestframework

3. 使用

• 注册app

  INSTALLED_APPS = [
      'django.contrib.admin',
      'django.contrib.auth',
      'django.contrib.contenttypes',
      'django.contrib.sessions',
      'django.contrib.messages',
      'django.contrib.staticfiles',
      'rest_framework'
  ]
  

• 写路由

  from django.conf.urls import url
  from django.contrib import admin
  from api import views
  urlpatterns = [
      url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
      url(r'^drf/article/$', views.ArticleView.as_view()),
      url(r'^drf/article/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.ArticleView.as_view()),
  ]
  # get获取列表
  # post增加数据
  

• 写视图

  • 根据请求方式不同做不同的操作

  class ArticleView(APIView):
      def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
          pk = kwargs.get('pk')
          if not pk:
              queryset = models.Article.objects.all()
              ser = serializer.ArticleSerializer(instance=queryset,many=True)
              return Response(ser.data)
          article_object = models.Article.objects.filter(id=pk).first()
          ser = serializer.ArticleSerializer(instance=article_object, many=False)
          return Response(ser.data)
      def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
          ser = serializer.ArticleSerializer(data=request.data)
          if ser.is_valid():
              ser.save()
              return Response(ser.data)
          return Response(ser.errors)
      def put(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
          """全部更新"""
          pk = kwargs.get('pk')
          article_object = models.Article.objects.filter(id=pk).first()
          ser = serializer.ArticleSerializer(instance=article_object,data=request.data)
          if ser.is_valid():
              ser.save()
              return Response(ser.data)
          return Response(ser.errors)
      def patch(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
          """局部"""
          pk = kwargs.get('pk')
          article_object = models.Article.objects.filter(id=pk).first()
          ser = serializer.ArticleSerializer(instance=article_object, data=request.data,partial=True)
          if ser.is_valid():
              ser.save()
              return Response(ser.data)
          return Response(ser.errors)
      def delete(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
          """删除"""
          pk = kwargs.get('pk')
          models.Article.objects.filter(id=pk).delete()
          return Response('删除成功')
  

• serializers序列化

  • serializers数据校验
  • serializers序列化

  from rest_framework import serializers
  from api import models
  class ArticleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      category_txt = serializers.CharField(source='category.name',required=False)
      x1 = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
      status_txt = serializers.CharField(source='get_status_display',required=False)
      x2 = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
      class Meta:
          model = models.Article
          # fields = "__all__"
          fields = ['id','title','summary','content','category','category_txt','x1','status','status_txt','x2']
          # depth = 1
      def get_x1(self,obj):
          return obj.category.name
      def get_x2(self,obj):
          return obj.get_status_display()
  

• 利用postman进行前端校验

  • 模拟浏览器进行发送请求

3. DRF的应用场景

• 前后端分离项目
• 为app写接口
• 写移动端接口
• 以上用drf会比较方便