EF，ADO.NET Entity Data Model简要的笔记

1. 新建一个项目，添加一个ADO.NET Entity Data Model的文件，此文件会生成所有的数据对象模型，如果是用vs2012生的话，在.Designer.cs里会出现“// Default code generation is disabled for model 'C:\Work\Project\20140303\Delete\Model1.edmx'.
// To enable default code generation, change the value of the 'Code Generation Strategy' designer
// property to an alternate value. This property is available in the Properties Window when the model is
// open in the designer.”，而且会生成一些类文件。这时可以这样做，删除edmx模型下所有.tt和.diagram文件(如果不删直接执行下一步的话会报错提示)，打开.edmx设计器，空白地方右键属性，将Code Genaration的属性值 从 None改为Default，就OK了。

2. 新建IRepository文件

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.Configuration.Provider;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Reflection;

namespace Entity
{
    public interface IRepository<T>
    {

        void Add(T entity);

        void Update(int ID, T entity);

        void Delete(int ID);

        IQueryable<T> FindAll();

        T GetSingle(int ID);

        int Save();
    }

    public class Repository<T> : IRepository<T> where T : class
    {
        protected EntityContext Context { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        ///
        /// </summary>
        protected string EntityName { get { return typeof(T).Name; } }

        /// <summary>
        /// ObjectQuery的名称
        /// </summary>
        protected string EntitySetName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 连接字符
        /// </summary>
        protected string ConnectionString { get { return System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["EntityContext"].ConnectionString; } }

        public Repository()
        {
            Context = new EntityContext();
        }

        public Repository(EntityContext context)
        {
            Context = context;
        }

        public virtual void Delete(int ID)
        {
            T entity = GetSingle(ID);
            Context.DeleteObject(entity);
        }

        public virtual T GetSingle(int ID)
        {
            var itemParameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "item");

            var whereExpression = Expression.Lambda<Func<T, bool>>
                (
                Expression.Equal(
                    Expression.Property(
                        itemParameter,
                        "ID" //默认为ID,如果不是ID,需要获取每个实体的PrimaryKey的字段名称
                        ),
                    Expression.Constant(ID)
                    ),
                new[] { itemParameter }
                );

            return FindAll().FirstOrDefault(whereExpression);
        }

        public virtual T GetSingle64(Int64 ID)
        {
            var itemParameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "item");

            var whereExpression = Expression.Lambda<Func<T, bool>>
                (
                Expression.Equal(
                    Expression.Property(
                        itemParameter,
                        "ID" //默认为ID,如果不是ID,需要获取每个实体的PrimaryKey的字段名称
                        ),
                    Expression.Constant(ID)
                    ),
                new[] { itemParameter }
                );
            return FindAll().First(whereExpression);
        }

        public virtual void Add(T entity)
        {
            Context.AddObject(EntitySetName, entity);
        }

        public virtual void Update(int ID, T entity)
        {
            T oringal = GetSingle(ID);

            oringal = entity;
            Context.ApplyPropertyChanges(EntitySetName, oringal);
        }

        public virtual IQueryable<T> FindAll()
        {
            return Context.CreateQuery<T>("[" + EntitySetName + "]");
        }

        public virtual int Save()
        {
            return Context.SaveChanges();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行存储过程
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="CommandText"></param>
        /// <param name="param"></param>
        protected virtual int ExecuteStoredProcedure(string CommandText, params System.Data.Common.DbParameter[] param)
        {
            DbCommand cmd = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand();
            using (DbConnection conn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(ConnectionString))
            {
                cmd.Connection = conn;
                cmd.CommandText = CommandText;
                cmd.CommandType = System.Data.CommandType.StoredProcedure;
                if (param != null)
                    cmd.Parameters.AddRange(param);
                conn.Open();
                int result = ;
                try
                {
                    result = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new Exception("执行存储过程出错," + ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    conn.Close();
                }
                return result;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行存储过程返回泛型实体数据集
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TEntity"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="CommandText"></param>
        /// <param name="param"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        protected virtual List<TEntity> ExecuteCommand<TEntity>(string CommandText, params System.Data.Common.DbParameter[] param)
        {
            List<TEntity> list = new List<TEntity>();

            DbCommand cmd = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand();

            using (DbConnection conn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(ConnectionString))
            {
                cmd.Connection = conn;
                cmd.CommandText = CommandText;
                cmd.CommandType = System.Data.CommandType.StoredProcedure;
                if (param != null)
                    cmd.Parameters.AddRange(param);
                conn.Open();

                try
                {
                    using (DbDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader())
                    {
                        while (reader.Read())
                        {
                            //创建实例
                            TEntity RowInstance = Activator.CreateInstance<TEntity>();
                            //反射获取实例的属性
                            foreach (PropertyInfo Property in typeof(TEntity).GetProperties())
                            {
                                try
                                {
                                    //根据实例名称获取数据
                                    if (reader[Property.Name] != DBNull.Value)
                                    {
                                        //将DataReader读取出来的数据填充到对象实体的属性里
                                        Property.SetValue(RowInstance, Convert.ChangeType(reader[Property.Name], Property.PropertyType), null);
                                    }
                                }
                                catch
                                {
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                            //将数据实体对象add到泛型集合中
                            list.Add(RowInstance);

                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new Exception("返回泛型实体出错，" + ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    conn.Close();
                }
            }
            return list;
        }
    }
}

3. 新建类的处理文件，例如为”aspnet_Roles“新建一个处理类。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Entity
{
    public interface Iaspnet_RolesRepository : IRepository<aspnet_Roles>
    {
        List<aspnet_Roles> GetList();
    }

    public class aspnet_RolesRepository : Repository<aspnet_Roles>, Iaspnet_RolesRepository
    {
        public aspnet_RolesRepository()
        {
            EntitySetName = "aspnet_Roles";
        }

        public List<aspnet_Roles> GetList()
        {
            return FindAll().ToList();
        }
    }
}

4. view层的操作。

在Global.asax里添加如下代码，这里用到了依赖注入。

        static IUnityContainer _Container;

        public static IUnityContainer Container
        {
            get
            {
                if (_Container == null)
                {
                    _Container = new UnityContainer();
                    UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity");
                    section.Configure(_Container, "TEST");
                }
                return _Container; ;
            }
        }

并在webconfig里添加配置节点：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
  For more information on how to configure your ASP.NET application, please visit
  http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=169433
  -->
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration" />
  </configSections>
  <unity>
    <containers>
      <container name="TEST">
        <types>
          <type name="aspnet_Roles" type="Entity.Iaspnet_RolesRepository, Entity" mapTo="Entity.aspnet_RolesRepository,Entity" />
        </types>
      </container>
    </containers>
  </unity>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="webpages:Version" value="2.0.0.0" />
    <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
    <add key="PreserveLoginUrl" value="true" />
    <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
    <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="MyDomainContext" connectionString="Data Source=WINSERVER08XU\SQLXU;user id=sa;password=101;Initial Catalog=XU" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
    <add name="EntityContext" connectionString="metadata=res://*/Entitycontext.csdl|res://*/Entitycontext.ssdl|res://*/Entitycontext.msl;provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider connection string=&quot;data source=.\sqlxu;initial catalog=TestMembership;integrated security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;App=EntityFramework&quot;" providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />
  </connectionStrings>
  <system.web>
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
    <pages>
      <namespaces>
        <add namespace="System.Web.Helpers" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.WebPages" />
      </namespaces>
    </pages>
  </system.web>
  <system.webServer>
    <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false" />
    <handlers>
      <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" />
      <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" />
      <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
      <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness32" responseBufferLimit="0" />
      <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness64" responseBufferLimit="0" />
      <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
    </handlers>
  </system.webServer>
</configuration>

这里新插入的是：

<configSections>
    <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration" />
  </configSections>
  <unity>
    <containers>
      <container name="TEST">
        <types>
          <type name="aspnet_Roles" type="Entity.Iaspnet_RolesRepository, Entity" mapTo="Entity.aspnet_RolesRepository,Entity" />
        </types>
      </container>
    </containers>
  </unity>

注意低配置，<configSections>紧跟在<configuration>后面，否则会出错。

5. 在Controller里调用。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;

using Entity;
namespace _20140303.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        Iaspnet_RolesRepository aspnet_RolesRepository;
        public ActionResult Default()
        {
            aspnet_RolesRepository = MvcApplication.Container.Resolve<Iaspnet_RolesRepository>("aspnet_Roles");
            List<aspnet_Roles> vaspnet_RolesList = aspnet_RolesRepository.GetList();
            return View();
        }

    }
}