026 SSM综合练习02--数据后台管理系统--数据库表创建及SSM环境搭建

1.数据库准备

本项目我们Oracle数据库，Oracle 为每个项目创建单独user，oracle数据表存放在表空间下，每个用户有独立表空间。

(1)采用数据库管理员账号:SYSTEM,再配合数据库管理口令，利用Navicat连接Oracle数据库。

根据https://www.cnblogs.com/luckyplj/p/11365245.html链接的指示，创建表空间、新建用户、及授权。

新建用户：

修改权限：勾选dba

(2)利用新创建的用户账户，登录oracle

(3)利用Navicat软件创建数据库表，下面以创建PRODUCT表为例。

<1>点击查询按钮，新建查询。

<2>粘贴sql语句，点击运行。

CREATE TABLE product(
id varchar2(32) default SYS_GUID() PRIMARY KEY, productNum VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
productName VARCHAR2(50), cityName VARCHAR2(50), DepartureTime timestamp, productPrice Number, productDesc VARCHAR2(500), productStatus INT,
CONSTRAINT product UNIQUE (id, productNum)
)

<3>此时PRODUCT表已创建

<4>插入数据库表中的数据

insert into PRODUCT (id, productnum, productname, cityname, departuretime, productprice, productdesc, productstatus)
values ('676C5BD1D35E429A8C2E114939C5685A', 'itcast-002', '北京三日游', '北京', to_timestamp('10-
10-2018 10:10:00.000000', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss.ff'), 1200, '不错的旅行', 1);
insert into PRODUCT (id, productnum, productname, cityname, departuretime, productprice, productdesc, productstatus)
values ('12B7ABF2A4C544568B0A7C69F36BF8B7', 'itcast-003', '上海五日游', '上海', to_timestamp('25-
04-2018 14:30:00.000000', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss.ff'), 1800, '魔都我来了', 0);
insert into PRODUCT (id, productnum, productname, cityname, departuretime, productprice, productdesc, productstatus)
values ('9F71F01CB448476DAFB309AA6DF9497F', 'itcast-001', '北京三日游', '北京', to_timestamp('10-
10-2018 10:10:00.000000', 'dd-mm-yyyy hh24:mi:ss.ff'), 1200, '不错的旅行', 1);

<5>此时PRODUCT表中的数据已插入成功。

 2.SSM环境搭建

具体可参考https://www.cnblogs.com/luckyplj/p/11373927.html

(1)不使用骨架创建一个maven父工程

(2)不使用骨架创建几个maven子模块，例如dao、service、domain、utils

(3)使用骨架创建一个web-app模块

ssm工程初步结构如图：

(4)修改父工程的pom文件，添加如下内容。

 <properties>
        <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <oracle.version>11.2.0.1.0</oracle.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
        <spring.security.version>5.0.1.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>        <!-- spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>        <!-- log start -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>        <!-- log end -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
            <type>jar</type>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
            <artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId>
            <version>${oracle.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsr250-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                        <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>

(5)编写实体类

package lucky.domain;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 产品信息
 */
public class Product {
    private String id; // 主键
    private String productNum; // 编号 唯一
    private String productName; // 名称
    private String cityName; // 出发城市
    private Date departureTime; // 出发时间
    private String departureTimeStr;
    private double productPrice; // 产品价格
    private String productDesc; // 产品描述
    private Integer productStatus; // 状态 0 关闭 1 开启
    private String productStatusStr;

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getProductNum() {
        return productNum;
    }

    public void setProductNum(String productNum) {
        this.productNum = productNum;
    }

    public String getProductName() {
        return productName;
    }

    public void setProductName(String productName) {
        this.productName = productName;
    }

    public String getCityName() {
        return cityName;
    }

    public void setCityName(String cityName) {
        this.cityName = cityName;
    }

    public Date getDepartureTime() {
        return departureTime;
    }

    public void setDepartureTime(Date departureTime) {
        this.departureTime = departureTime;
    }

    public String getDepartureTimeStr() {
        return departureTimeStr;
    }

    public void setDepartureTimeStr(String departureTimeStr) {
        this.departureTimeStr = departureTimeStr;
    }

    public double getProductPrice() {
        return productPrice;
    }

    public void setProductPrice(double productPrice) {
        this.productPrice = productPrice;
    }

    public String getProductDesc() {
        return productDesc;
    }

    public void setProductDesc(String productDesc) {
        this.productDesc = productDesc;
    }

    public Integer getProductStatus() {
        return productStatus;
    }

    public void setProductStatus(Integer productStatus) {
        this.productStatus = productStatus;
    }

    public String getProductStatusStr() {
        return productStatusStr;
    }

    public void setProductStatusStr(String productStatusStr) {
        this.productStatusStr = productStatusStr;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Product{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", productNum='" + productNum + '\'' +
                ", productName='" + productName + '\'' +
                ", cityName='" + cityName + '\'' +
                ", departureTime=" + departureTime +
                ", departureTimeStr='" + departureTimeStr + '\'' +
                ", productPrice=" + productPrice +
                ", productDesc='" + productDesc + '\'' +
                ", productStatus=" + productStatus +
                ", productStatusStr='" + productStatusStr + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

(6)编写持久层接口

package lucky.dao;

import lucky.domain.Product;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

import java.util.List;

public interface IProductDao {
    /**
     * 查询所有产品信息
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     * 注意：由于连接的是Oracle数据库，sql语句中必须指定数据库表的表空间
     * LUCKY.PRODUCT表示为：LUCKY表空间下的PRODUCT表
     */
    @Select("select * from LUCKY.PRODUCT")
    public List<Product> queryAll() throws Exception;
}

注意：持久层接口IProductDao.java文件中使用到了Procuct.java这个类，需要导入对domain模块的依赖。

方案一：在pom文件中添加如下内容

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>lucky</groupId>
            <artifactId>travel_ssm_domain</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

方案二：通过idea的alt+enter键打开辅助解决方案(推荐)

(7)编写业务接口及其实现类

IProductService.java

package lucky.service;

import lucky.domain.Product;

import java.util.List;

public interface IProductService {
    public List<Product> queryAll() throws Exception;
}

ProductServiceImpl.java

package lucky.service.impl;

import lucky.dao.IProductDao;
import lucky.domain.Product;
import lucky.service.IProductService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;

@Service
@Transactional  //事务
public class ProductServiceImpl implements IProductService {
    @Autowired
    private IProductDao procuctDao;

    @Override
    public List<Product> queryAll() throws Exception {
        return procuctDao.queryAll();
    }
}

(8)SSM框架整合

补充web子模块的结构，新建java、resources并将其标记为java source root 和resources root,创建并修改以下4个配置文件

<1>applicationContext.xml(spring的配置文件)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 01 开启注解扫描，管理service和dao(开始) -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="lucky.service">
    </context:component-scan>
    <context:component-scan base-package="lucky.dao">
    </context:component-scan>
    <!-- 01 开启注解扫描，管理service和dao(结束) -->

    <!--02 spring整合mybatis(开始)-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    <!-- 配置连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 把交给IOC管理 SqlSessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 扫描dao接口 -->
    <bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="lucky.dao"/>
    </bean>
    <!--02 spring整合mybatis(结束)-->

    <!-- 03 配置Spring的声明式事务管理(开始) -->
    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    <!-- 03 配置Spring的声明式事务管理(结束) -->

</beans>

<2>springmvc.xml(web表现层配置文件)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
           ">

    <!-- 01 扫描controller的注解，别的不扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="lucky.controller">
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- 02 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- JSP文件所在的目录 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/pages/" />
        <!-- 文件的后缀名 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 03 设置静态资源不过滤 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/plugins/" mapping="/plugins/**" />

    <!-- 04 开启对SpringMVC注解的支持 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

</beans>

<3>db.properties(数据库配置文件)

jdbc.driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl
jdbc.username=SSM_TRAVEL
jdbc.password=plj824

<4>web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!-- 01 配置Spring的监听器,加载spring的配置文件,达到整合springmvc框架的目的(开始) -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 配置监听器，监听request域对象的创建和销毁的 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 配置加载类路径的配置文件 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 01 配置Spring的监听器,加载spring的配置文件,达到整合springmvc框架的目的(结束) -->

  <!-- 02 配置前端控制器，让前端控制器去加载resources包下的springmvc.xml配置文件(开始) -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 配置初始化参数，创建完DispatcherServlet对象，加载springmvc.xml配置文件 -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 服务器启动的时候，让DispatcherServlet对象创建 -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- 02 配置前端控制器，让前端控制器去加载resources包下的springmvc.xml配置文件(结束) -->

  <!-- 03 解决中文乱码过滤器(开始) -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <!-- 03 解决中文乱码过滤器(结束) -->

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

(9)编写前端控制器代码

package lucky.controller;

import lucky.domain.Product;
import lucky.service.IProductService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/product")
public class ProductController {

    @Autowired
    private IProductService iProductService;

    @RequestMapping(path = "/queryAll")
    public ModelAndView queryAll() throws Exception {
        ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        List<Product> products = iProductService.queryAll();
        mv.addObject("productList",products);
        System.out.println(products);
        mv.setViewName("product-list");
        return mv;
    }
}

(10)测试页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<body>
    <h2>Hello World!</h2>
    <a href="/day22_maven_travel_ssm/product/queryAll">查询所有</a>
</body>
</html>

(11)测试结果：product-list.jsp

(12)测试中遇到的问题总结

<1>报错1：无法连接oracle数据库

Error querying database.  Cause: org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Failed to obtain JDBC Connection; 

解决办法：

第一步：核查父工程的pom文件中是否导入依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
            <artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId>
            <version>${oracle.version}</version>
</dependency>

第二步：oracle依赖是否已经成功添加

<2>报错2：视图不存在

Cause: java.sql.SQLException: ORA-00942: 表或视图不存在

解决方案：sql语句中应添加表空间。