iOS之原生地图与高德地图

原生地图

1、什么是LBS

LBS: 基于位置的服务 Location Based Service

实际应用:大众点评，陌陌，微信，美团等需要用到地图或定位的App

2、定位方式

1.GPS定位 2.基站定位 3.WIFI定位

3、框架

MapKit:地图框架，显示地图

CoreLocation:定位框架，没有地图时也可以使用定位.

4、如何使用原生地图 和定位

MapKit：

1) 初始化MapView

 _mapView = [[MKMapView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
[self.view addSubview:_mapView];

2) 设置代理

_mapView.delegate = self;

3) 设置地图类型

 _mapView.mapType = MKMapTypeStandard;

4) 允许显示自己的位置

 _mapView.showsUserLocation = YES;

5) 设置地图中心坐标点

 CLLocationCoordinate2D centerCoordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(22.540396,113.951832);
 _mapView.centerCoordinate = centerCoordinate;

6) 设置地图显示区域

a) 设置缩放

 MKCoordinateSpan span = MKCoordinateSpanMake(0.1, 0.1);

b) 设置区域

MKCoordinateRegion region = MKCoordinateRegionMake(centerCoordinate, span);

c) 显示区域

_mapView.region = region;

CoreLocation：

7) 初始化定位管理器

_manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];

_manager.delegate = self;

8) iOS8定位

1. 在info.plist中添加 Privacy - Location Usage Description , NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

2. 在代码中加入

   if ( [UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.floatValue >= 8.0 ) {

     [_manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];

   }

9) 开启定位

[_manager startUpdatingLocation];

10) 定位成功代理

• (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager )manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray )locations

{

  NSLog(@"定位成功");
  //获取定位的坐标
  CLLocation *location = [locations firstObject];
  //获取坐标
  CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = location.coordinate;
  NSLog(@"定位的坐标：%f,%f", coordinate.longitude, coordinate.latitude);
  //停止定位
  //[_manager stopUpdatingLocation];

}

11) 定位失败代理

• (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager )manager didFailWithError:(NSError )error

{

  NSLog(@"定位失败”);

}

12) 屏幕坐标转经纬度坐标

CLLocationCoordinate2D cl2d = [_mapView convertPoint:point toCoordinateFromView:_mapView];

13) 反地理编码

 CLGeocoder *geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init];
[geocoder reverseGeocodeLocation:location completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {

//获取地标对象

      CLPlacemark *mark = [placemarks firstObject];
 }];

大头针（标注）：

14) 添加大头针

//创建大头针
   MKPointAnnotation *pointAnn = [[MKPointAnnotation alloc] init];
   //设置坐标
   pointAnn.coordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(23.181297, 113.346877);
   //设置标题
   pointAnn.title = @"我的第一个大头针";
   //设置副标题
   pointAnn.subtitle = @"副标题";
   //显示大头针，把大头针加入到地图上
   [_mapView addAnnotation:pointAnn];

15) 大头针的复用及定制

pragma mark - mapView 代理方法

//大头针View

-(MKAnnotationView )mapView:(MKMapView )mapView viewForAnnotation:(id)annotation

{

//如果是自己当前位置的大头针，则不定制
if ( [annotation isKindOfClass:[MKUserLocation class]]) {
    return  nil;
}

if 1

// 1、自带的大头针视图
MKPinAnnotationView *pinAnnView = (MKPinAnnotationView *)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:@"ID"];
if ( !pinAnnView ) {
    pinAnnView = [[MKPinAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"ID"];
}
//设置大头针的颜色
pinAnnView.pinColor = MKPinAnnotationColorPurple;
//设置掉落动画
pinAnnView.animatesDrop = YES;
//是否弹出气泡
pinAnnView.canShowCallout = YES;
//设置左视图
UIView *leftView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];
leftView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
pinAnnView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = leftView;
//设置右视图
UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];
pinAnnView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = rightBtn;
return  pinAnnView;

else

//2、自定义大头针视图
/*
   * 区别于MKPinAnnotationView
   * 1、可以设置大头针图片
   * 2、不可以设置大头针颜色和掉落动画
   */
MKAnnotationView *customView = [mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:@"ID2"];
if ( !customView ) {
    customView = [[MKAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"ID2"];
}
//设置点击大头针可以显示气泡
customView.canShowCallout = YES;
//设置大头针图片
customView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"marker"];
//设置左视图
UIView *leftView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];
leftView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
customView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = leftView;
//设置右视图
UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];
customView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = rightBtn;
return  customView;

endif

}

16) 移除大头针

  [_mapView removeAnnotations:_mapView.annotations];

17) 添加长按手势，实现在地图的长按点添加一个大头针

//4、长按地图显示大头针

UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPress:)];
[_mapView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];

pragma mark - 长按手势

-(void)longPress:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)gesture

{

//避免多次调用 只允许开始长按状态才添加大头针
if (gesture.state != UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {
    return;
}
//获取长按地图上的某个点
CGPoint point = [gesture locationInView:_mapView];
//把point转换成在地图上的坐标经纬度
CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = [_mapView convertPoint:point toCoordinateFromView:_mapView];
//添加长按的大头针
MKPointAnnotation *annotation = [[MKPointAnnotation alloc] init];
annotation.coordinate = coordinate;
annotation.title = @"长按的大头针";
annotation.subtitle = @"副标题";
[_mapView addAnnotation:annotation];

}

高德地图

1、高德地图申请Appkey流程：

a) 在浏览器中打开网址：http://lbs.amap.com/api/ios-sdk/guide/verify/

b) 访问：http://lbs.amap.com/console/key/，使用高德开发者账号登陆

c) 2.在“KEY管理”页面点击上方的“获取key”按钮，依次输入应用名，选择绑定的服务为“iOS平台SDK”，输入Bundle Identifier（Bundle Identifier获取方式为Xcode->General->Identity）

2、高德地图配置工程流程：

a)下载高德地图iOS SDK

b)添加高德地图的库文件MAMapKit.framework

c)添加8个关联库QuartzCore, CoreLocation, SystemConfiguration, CoreTelephony, libz, OpenGLES, libstdc++6.09, Security（MAMapView）

d)添加AMap.bundle（MAMapKit.framework->Resources）

e) TARGETS-Build Settings-Other Linker Flags 中添加内容： -ObjC；

f)在代码中添加用户Key: [MAMapServices sharedServices].apiKey =@"您的key";

3、单独使用搜索服务包:

a)添加搜索库文件AMapSearchKit.framework

b)添加关联库SystemConfiguration, CoreTelephony, libz, libstdc++6.09

c)在代码中添加AMapSearchAPI *search = [[AMapSearchAPI alloc] initWithSearchKey: @"您的key" Delegate:self];

4、如何使用高德地图 和 搜索

MAMapKit：

0) 配置高德地图API

define APIKEY @"e848d391f9c4b98db0935052777f99d2"

 [MAMapServices sharedServices].apiKey = APIKEY;

1) 初始化MAMapView

_maMapView = [[MAMapView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];

 [self.view addSubview:_maMapView];  

2) 设置代理

 _maMapView.delegate = self; 

3) 设置地图类型

 _maMapView.mapType = MAMapTypeStandard; 

4) 允许显示自己的位置（如使用定位功能，则必须设置为YES）

_maMapView.showsUserLocation = YES;  

5) 设置logo位置

_maMapView.logoCenter = CGPointMake(100, 100);

6) 显示罗盘

_maMapView.showsCompass = YES;

7) 显示交通

_maMapView.showTraffic = YES;

8) 是否支持旋转

_maMapView.rotateEnabled = YES;

9) 是否支持拖动

_maMapView.scrollEnabled = YES;

10) 是否支持缩放

_maMapView.zoomEnabled = NO;

11) 设置地图显示区域

a) 设置坐标

CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(23.181297, 113.346877);

b) 设置缩放

MACoordinateSpan span = MACoordinateSpanMake(0.1, 0.1);

c) 设置区域

MACoordinateRegion region = MACoordinateRegionMake(coordinate, span);

d) 显示区域

_maMapView.region = region;

12) 定位

#pragma mark - 定位 回调方法

-(void)mapView:(MAMapView )mapView didUpdateUserLocation:(MAUserLocation )userLocation updatingLocation:(BOOL)updatingLocation

{

  NSLog(@"定位成功");
  CLLocation *location = userLocation.location;
  CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = location.coordinate;
  NSLog(@"我的坐标位置：%f, %f", coordinate.longitude, coordinate.latitude);
  // 定位后，可设置停止定位
  // _maMapView.showsUserLocation = NO;

}

13) 添加标注（大头针）

//添加标注
  MAPointAnnotation *annotation = [[MAPointAnnotation alloc] init];
  annotation.coordinate = coordinate; //设置标注的坐标
  annotation.title = @"高德地图标题"; //设置标题
  annotation.subtitle = @"副标题"; //设置副标题
  [_maMapView addAnnotation:annotation]; //将标注添加在地图上

14) 标注的复用及定制

#pragma mark - 定制标注视图（和原生地图定制方式类似）

• (MAAnnotationView )mapView:(MAMapView )mapView viewForAnnotation:(id)annotation

{

  //不定制自己位置的标注视图
  if ( [annotation isKindOfClass:[MAUserLocation class]]) {
      return nil;
  }

#if 1

  // 1、自带的标注视图
  MAPinAnnotationView *pinAnnView = (MAPinAnnotationView *)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:@"ID"];
  if ( !pinAnnView ) {
      pinAnnView = [[MAPinAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"ID"];
  }
  // 是否可弹出视图
  pinAnnView.canShowCallout = YES;
  // 设置掉落动画
  pinAnnView.animatesDrop = YES;
  // 设置标注颜色
  pinAnnView.pinColor = MAPinAnnotationColorGreen;
  // 设置左视图
  UIView *leftView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];
  leftView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
  pinAnnView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = leftView;
  //设置右视图
  UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];
  pinAnnView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = rightBtn;
  return pinAnnView;

#else

  //2、自定义标注视图
  MAAnnotationView *customView = [mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:@"ID2"];
  if ( !customView ) {
      customView = [[MAAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"ID2"];
  }
  //设置点击大头针可以显示气泡
  customView.canShowCallout = YES;
  //设置大头针图片
  customView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"marker"];
  //设置左视图
  UIView *leftView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];
  leftView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
  customView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = leftView;
  //设置右视图
  UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];
  customView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = rightBtn;
  return  customView;

#endif

}

15) 添加长按手势

  UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPress:)];
  [_maMapView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];

#pragma mark -- 长按手势Action

-(void)longPress:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)longPress

{

  if (longPress.state != UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {
      return;
  }
  //获取点位置
  CGPoint point = [longPress locationInView:_maMapView];
  //将点位置转换成经纬度坐标
  CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = [_maMapView convertPoint:point toCoordinateFromView:_maMapView];
  //在该点添加一个大头针(标注)
  MAPointAnnotation *pointAnn = [[MAPointAnnotation alloc] init];
  pointAnn.coordinate = coordinate;
  pointAnn.title = @"长按的大头针";
  pointAnn.subtitle = @"副标题";
  [_maMapView addAnnotation:pointAnn];

}

AMapSearchKit：

1) 搜索周边

0) 创建AMapSearchAPI对象，配置APPKEY，同时设置代理对象为self

searchAPI = [[AMapSearchAPI alloc] initWithSearchKey:APIKEY Delegate:self];

a) 创建搜索周边请求类

AMapPlaceSearchRequest *searchRequest = [[AMapPlaceSearchRequest alloc] init];

b) 设置搜索类型（按关键字搜索）

searchRequest.searchType = AMapSearchType_PlaceKeyword;

c) 设置关键字

searchRequest.keywords = keywordsTextField.text;

d) 设置搜索城市

searchRequest.city = @[@"广州"];

e) 开始搜索

[searchAPI AMapPlaceSearch:searchRequest];

2) 搜索周边回调方法

a) 搜索失败

• (void)searchRequest:(id)request didFailWithError:(NSError *)error

{

NSLog(@"搜索失败");

}

b) 搜索成功

-(void)onPlaceSearchDone:(AMapPlaceSearchRequest )request response:(AMapPlaceSearchResponse )response

{

//清空原来的标注（大头针）
[_maMapView removeAnnotations:_maMapView.annotations];
//判断是否为空
if (response) {
    //取出搜索到的POI（POI：Point Of Interest）
    for (AMapPOI *poi in response.pois) {
        //poi的坐标
        CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = 

CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(poi.location.latitude, poi.location.longitude);

        //地名
        NSString *name = poi.name;
        //地址
        NSString *address = poi.address;
        //用标注显示
        MAPointAnnotation *pointAnn = [[MAPointAnnotation alloc] init];
        pointAnn.coordinate = coordinate;
        pointAnn.title = name;
        pointAnn.subtitle = address;
        [_maMapView addAnnotation:pointAnn];
    }
}

}

3) 添加折线

pragma mark - 画折线

-(void)drawPolyLine

{

//初始化点
NSArray *latitudePoints =[NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                          @"23.172223",
                          @"23.163385",
                          @"23.155411",
                          @"23.148765",
                          @"23.136935", nil];
NSArray *longitudePoints = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                            @"113.348665",
                            @"113.366056",
                            @"113.366128",
                            @"113.362391",
                            @"113.356785", nil];
// 创建数组
CLLocationCoordinate2D polyLineCoords[5];
for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
    polyLineCoords[i].latitude = [latitudePoints[i] floatValue];
    polyLineCoords[i].longitude = [longitudePoints[i] floatValue];
}
// 创建折线对象
MAPolyline *polyLine = [MAPolyline polylineWithCoordinates:polyLineCoords count:5];
// 在地图上显示折线
[_maMapView addOverlay:polyLine];

}

pragma mark - 定制折线视图

-(MAOverlayView )mapView:(MAMapView )mapView viewForOverlay:(id)overlay

{

if ([overlay isKindOfClass:[MAPolyline class]]) {
    MAPolylineView *polyLineView = [[MAPolylineView alloc] initWithPolyline:overlay];
    polyLineView.lineWidth = 2; //折线宽度
    polyLineView.strokeColor = [UIColor blueColor]; //折线颜色
    polyLineView.lineJoinType = kMALineJoinRound; //折线连接类型
    return polyLineView;
}
return nil;

}