摘要:

通过下面的这些命令在接触到新的数据库服务器的时候能更好更快的了解服务器和数据库的状况。

1:pt-summary:查看系统摘要报告

执行:

  1. pt-summary

打印出来的信息包括:CPU、内存、硬盘、网卡等信息,还包括文件系统、磁盘调度和队列大小、LVM、RAID、网络链接信息、netstat 的统计,以及前10的负载占用信息和vmstat信息。

  1. # Percona Toolkit System Summary Report ######################
  2. Date | 2013-10-23 09:06:37 UTC (local TZ: CST +0800)
  3. Hostname | zhoujy
  4. Uptime | 5 days, 23:25, 3 users, load average: 1.31, 1.32, 1.27
  5. Platform | Linux
  6. Release | Ubuntu 11.10 (oneiric)
  7. Kernel | 3.0.0-32-generic-pae
  8. Architecture | CPU = 64-bit, OS = 32-bit
  9. Threading | NPTL 2.13
  10. SELinux | No SELinux detected
  11. Virtualized | No virtualization detected
  12. # Processor ##################################################
  13. Processors | physical = 1, cores = 2, virtual = 2, hyperthreading = no
  14. Speeds | 2x1600.000
  15. Models | 2xPentium(R) Dual-Core CPU E6600 @ 3.06GHz
  16. Caches | 2x2048 KB
  17. # Memory #####################################################
  18. Total | 3.9G
  19. Free | 389.6M
  20. Used | physical = 3.5G, swap allocated = 0.0, swap used = 0.0, virtual = 3.5G
  21. Buffers | 322.0M
  22. Caches | 1.4G
  23. Dirty | 344 kB
  24. UsedRSS | 2.2G
  25. Swappiness | 60
  26. DirtyPolicy | 10, 5
  27. DirtyStatus | 0, 0
  28. Locator Size Speed Form Factor Type Type Detail
  29. ========= ======== ================= ============= ============= ===========
  30. # Mounted Filesystems ########################################
  31. Filesystem Size Used Type Opts Mountpoint
  32. /dev/sda1 46G 63% ext4 rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0 /
  33. /dev/sda3 272G 15% ext4 rw,commit=0 /home
  34. /dev/sda5 144G 55% fuseblk rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096,default_permissions /media/other
  35. none 2.0G 1% tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880 /run/shm
  36. none 2.0G 1% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev /run/shm
  37. none 2.0G 1% debugfs rw /run/shm
  38. none 2.0G 1% securityfs rw /run/shm
  39. none 5.0M 0% tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880 /run/lock
  40. none 5.0M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev /run/lock
  41. none 5.0M 0% debugfs rw /run/lock
  42. none 5.0M 0% securityfs rw /run/lock
  43. tmpfs 799M 1% tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755 /run
  44. udev 2.0G 1% devtmpfs rw,mode=0755 /dev
  45. # Disk Schedulers And Queue Size #############################
  46. sda | [cfq] 128
  47. # Disk Partioning ############################################
  48. # Kernel Inode State #########################################
  49. dentry-state | 92512 78396 45 0 0 0
  50. file-nr | 9632 0 407487
  51. inode-nr | 166660 105139
  52. # LVM Volumes ################################################
  53. Unable to collect information
  54. # LVM Volume Groups ##########################################
  55. Unable to collect information
  56. # RAID Controller ############################################
  57. Controller | No RAID controller detected
  58. # Network Config #############################################
  59. Controller | Atheros Communications AR8151 v2.0 Gigabit Ethernet (rev c0)
  60. FIN Timeout | 60
  61. Port Range | 61000
  62. # Interface Statistics #######################################
  63. interface rx_bytes rx_packets rx_errors tx_bytes tx_packets tx_errors
  64. ========= ========= ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
  65. lo 1000000000 100000 0 1000000000 100000 0
  66. eth0 3000000000 5000000 0 600000000 2000000 0
  67. # Network Connections ########################################
  68. Connections from remote IP addresses
  69. 61.135.208.76 6
  70. 61.135.208.77 15
  71. 61.158.248.86 1
  72. 74.125.31.125 1
  73. 74.125.235.64 1
  74. 74.125.235.70 1
  75. 74.125.235.71 2
  76. 74.125.235.72 1
  77. 74.125.235.73 1
  78. 74.125.235.78 2
  79. 74.125.235.99 1
  80. 74.125.235.101 3
  81. 74.125.235.102 1
  82. 74.125.235.111 2
  83. 74.125.235.161 1
  84. 74.125.235.166 1
  85. 74.125.235.201 1
  86. 91.189.89.88 1
  87. 91.189.89.144 1
  88. 91.189.90.41 1
  89. 101.71.248.195 1
  90. 112.95.242.170 1
  91. 120.92.249.43 2
  92. 125.39.127.17 3
  93. 173.194.72.95 1
  94. 180.149.134.229 1
  95. 192.168.200.25 4
  96. 192.168.200.202 1
  97. 192.168.200.227 1
  98. 203.208.46.200 1
  99. Connections to local IP addresses
  100. 192.168.200.25 60
  101. Connections to top 10 local ports
  102. 56897 1
  103. 56898 1
  104. 56899 1
  105. 57817 1
  106. 58279 1
  107. 58283 1
  108. 59046 1
  109. 59883 1
  110. 60109 1
  111. 6379 1
  112. States of connections
  113. CLOSE_WAIT 50
  114. ESTABLISHED 10
  115. LISTEN 20
  116. # Top Processes ##############################################
  117. PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
  118. 2687 zhoujy 20 0 1182m 620m 43m S 24 15.5 1871:17 firefox
  119. 521 zhoujy 20 0 504m 95m 28m S 4 2.4 83:28.96 plugin-containe
  120. 2365 zhoujy 20 0 328m 105m 21m S 2 2.6 88:37.26 compiz
  121. 2378 zhoujy 9 -11 162m 9620 7412 S 2 0.2 34:09.55 pulseaudio
  122. 3136 zhoujy 20 0 92228 20m 12m S 2 0.5 0:27.86 gnome-terminal
  123. 1 root 20 0 3428 1896 1212 S 0 0.0 0:00.52 init
  124. 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
  125. 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:07.45 ksoftirqd/0
  126. 5 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.51 kworker/u:0
  127. # Notable Processes ##########################################
  128. PID OOM COMMAND
  129. 824 -17 sshd
  130. # Simplified and fuzzy rounded vmstat (wait please) ##########
  131. procs ---swap-- -----io---- ---system---- --------cpu--------
  132. r b si so bi bo ir cs us sy il wa st
  133. 1 0 0 0 2 15 15 10 13 1 85 0
  134. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1500 3500 21 10 69 0
  135. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1250 2250 16 2 83 0
  136. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 2250 13 2 85 0
  137. 1 0 0 0 0 175 1750 4000 35 8 56 0
  138. # The End ####################################################

更多信息见:http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-toolkit/2.2/pt-summary.html

2:pt-mysql-summary:查看mysql各个统计信息

执行:

  1. pt-mysql-summary --user=root --password=123456 --host=192.168.200.25 --port=3306

打印出来的信息包括:版本信息、数据目录、命令的统计、用户,数据库以及复制等信息还包括各个变量(status、variables)信息和各个变量的比例信息,还有配置文件等信息。

  1. zhoujy@zhoujy:~$ pt-mysql-summary --user=root --password=123456 --host=192.168.200.25 --port=3306
  2. # Percona Toolkit MySQL Summary Report #######################
  3. System time | 2013-10-23 09:20:38 UTC (local TZ: CST +0800)
  4. # Instances ##################################################
  5. Port Data Directory Nice OOM Socket
  6. ===== ========================== ==== === ======
  7. 3307 /opt/mysql/mysql5.6 0 0 /var/run/mysqld/mysqld2.sock
  8. # MySQL Executable ###########################################
  9. Path to executable | /opt/mysql/server-5.6/bin/mysqld
  10. Has symbols | Yes
  11. Path to executable | /usr/sbin/mysqld
  12. Has symbols | No
  13. # Report On Port 3306 ########################################
  14. User | root@192.168.200.%
  15. Time | 2013-10-23 17:20:38 (CST)
  16. Hostname | zhoujy
  17. Version | 5.1.69-0ubuntu0.11.10.1-log (Ubuntu)
  18. Built On | debian-linux-gnu i686
  19. Started | 2013-10-17 17:41 (up 5+23:39:35)
  20. Databases | 33
  21. Datadir | /var/lib/mysql/
  22. Processes | 3 connected, 2 running
  23. Replication | Is not a slave, has 1 slaves connected
  24. Pidfile | /var/lib/mysql/zhoujy.pid (does not exist)
  25. # Processlist ################################################
  26.  
  27. Command COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
  28. ------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
  29. Binlog Dump 1 1 175 175
  30. Query 1 1 0 0
  31. Sleep 1 0 7000 7000
  32.  
  33. User COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
  34. ------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
  35. rep 1 1 175 175
  36. root 2 1 0 0
  37.  
  38. Host COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
  39. ------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
  40. localhost 1 0 0 0
  41. zhoujy.local 2 2 175 175
  42.  
  43. db COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
  44. ------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
  45. aaa 1 0 0 0
  46. NULL 2 2 175 175
  47.  
  48. State COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
  49. ------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
  50. 1 0 0 0
  51. Has sent all binlog to slave; 1 1 175 175
  52. NULL 1 1 0 0
  53.  
  54. # Status Counters (Wait 10 Seconds) ##########################
  55. Variable Per day Per second 10 secs
  56. Aborted_connects 2
  57. Binlog_cache_use 2
  58. Bytes_received 12500 200
  59. Bytes_sent 60000 1750
  60. Com_admin_commands 20
  61. Com_create_table 1
  62. Com_insert 1
  63. Com_select 50 1
  64. Com_set_option 70
  65. Com_show_binlogs 1
  66. Com_show_create_table 1
  67. Com_show_databases 1
  68. Com_show_status 1
  69. Com_show_tables 1
  70. Com_show_variables 50
  71. Connections 35 1
  72. Created_tmp_disk_tables 5 1
  73. Created_tmp_tables 70 3
  74. Handler_commit 6
  75. Handler_prepare 3
  76. Handler_read_first 3
  77. Handler_read_key 3
  78. Handler_read_next 4
  79. Handler_read_rnd_next 1250 35
  80. Handler_write 1000 35
  81. Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_flushed 15
  82. Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests 4500 70
  83. Innodb_buffer_pool_reads 250
  84. Innodb_buffer_pool_write_requests 60
  85. Innodb_data_fsyncs 15
  86. Innodb_data_read 4500000 50
  87. Innodb_data_reads 250
  88. Innodb_data_writes 20
  89. Innodb_data_written 500000 5
  90. Innodb_dblwr_pages_written 15
  91. Innodb_dblwr_writes 2
  92. Innodb_log_write_requests 7
  93. Innodb_log_writes 2
  94. Innodb_os_log_fsyncs 4
  95. Innodb_os_log_written 5000
  96. Innodb_pages_created 2
  97. Innodb_pages_read 250
  98. Innodb_pages_written 15
  99. Innodb_rows_inserted 1
  100. Innodb_rows_read 7
  101. Key_read_requests 5
  102. Key_reads 1
  103. Key_write_requests 2
  104. Key_writes 1
  105. Open_table_definitions 45
  106. Opened_files 400 70
  107. Opened_table_definitions 90 15
  108. Opened_tables 175 30
  109. Queries 300 4
  110. Questions 300 4
  111. Select_scan 60
  112. Table_locks_immediate 10
  113. Uptime 90000 1 1
  114. # Table cache ################################################
  115. Size | 64
  116. Usage | 100%
  117. # Key Percona Server features ################################
  118. Table & Index Stats | Not Supported
  119. Multiple I/O Threads | Enabled
  120. Corruption Resilient | Not Supported
  121. Durable Replication | Not Supported
  122. Import InnoDB Tables | Not Supported
  123. Fast Server Restarts | Not Supported
  124. Enhanced Logging | Not Supported
  125. Replica Perf Logging | Not Supported
  126. Response Time Hist. | Not Supported
  127. Smooth Flushing | Not Supported
  128. HandlerSocket NoSQL | Not Supported
  129. Fast Hash UDFs | Unknown
  130. # Percona XtraDB Cluster #####################################
  131. # Plugins ####################################################
  132. InnoDB compression | ACTIVE
  133. # Query cache ################################################
  134. query_cache_type | OFF
  135. Size | 0.0
  136. Usage | 0%
  137. HitToInsertRatio | 0%
  138. # Schema #####################################################
  139. Would you like to mysqldump -d the schema and analyze it? y/n
  140. Skipping schema analysis
  141. # Noteworthy Technologies ####################################
  142. SSL | No
  143. Explicit LOCK TABLES | No
  144. Delayed Insert | No
  145. XA Transactions | No
  146. NDB Cluster | No
  147. Prepared Statements | No
  148. Prepared statement count | 0
  149. # InnoDB #####################################################
  150. Version | 5.1.69
  151. Buffer Pool Size | 500.0M
  152. Buffer Pool Fill | 4%
  153. Buffer Pool Dirty | 0%
  154. File Per Table | ON
  155. Page Size | 16k
  156. Log File Size | 2 * 16.0M = 32.0M
  157. Log Buffer Size | 8M
  158. Flush Method | O_DIRECT
  159. Flush Log At Commit | 0
  160. XA Support | ON
  161. Checksums | ON
  162. Doublewrite | ON
  163. R/W I/O Threads | 4 4
  164. I/O Capacity | 200
  165. Thread Concurrency | 0
  166. Concurrency Tickets | 500
  167. Commit Concurrency | 0
  168. Txn Isolation Level | REPEATABLE-READ
  169. Adaptive Flushing | ON
  170. Adaptive Checkpoint |
  171. Checkpoint Age | 0
  172. InnoDB Queue | 0 queries inside InnoDB, 0 queries in queue
  173. Oldest Transaction | 0 Seconds
  174. History List Len | 107
  175. Read Views | 1
  176. Undo Log Entries | 0 transactions, 0 total undo, 0 max undo
  177. Pending I/O Reads | 0 buf pool reads, 0 normal AIO, 0 ibuf AIO, 0 preads
  178. Pending I/O Writes | 0 buf pool (0 LRU, 0 flush list, 0 page); 0 AIO, 0 sync, 0 log IO (0 log, 0 chkp); 0 pwrites
  179. Pending I/O Flushes | 0 buf pool, 0 log
  180. Transaction States | 1xnot started
  181. # MyISAM #####################################################
  182. Key Cache | 16.0M
  183. Pct Used | 10%
  184. Unflushed | 0%
  185. # Security ###################################################
  186. Users | 8 users, 0 anon, 0 w/o pw, 0 old pw
  187. Old Passwords | OFF
  188. # Binary Logging #############################################
  189. Binlogs | 3
  190. Zero-Sized | 0
  191. Total Size | 4.8k
  192. binlog_format | ROW
  193. expire_logs_days | 10
  194. sync_binlog | 0
  195. server_id | 1
  196. binlog_do_db |
  197. binlog_ignore_db |
  198. # Noteworthy Variables #######################################
  199. Auto-Inc Incr/Offset | 1/1
  200. default_storage_engine |
  201. flush_time | 0
  202. init_connect |
  203. init_file |
  204. sql_mode |
  205. join_buffer_size | 128k
  206. sort_buffer_size | 2M
  207. read_buffer_size | 128k
  208. read_rnd_buffer_size | 256k
  209. bulk_insert_buffer | 0.00
  210. max_heap_table_size | 16M
  211. tmp_table_size | 16M
  212. max_allowed_packet | 64M
  213. thread_stack | 192k
  214. log | OFF
  215. log_error | /var/log/mysql/error.log
  216. log_warnings | 1
  217. log_slow_queries | OFF
  218. log_queries_not_using_indexes | OFF
  219. log_slave_updates | OFF
  220. # Configuration File #########################################
  221. Config File | /etc/mysql/my.cnf
  222.  
  223. [client]
  224. port = 3306
  225. socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
  226.  
  227. [mysqld_safe]
  228. innodb_stats_sample_pages = 16
  229. socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
  230. nice = 0
  231.  
  232. [mysqld]
  233. ft_min_word_len = 2
  234. ft_stopword_file = /var/lib/mysql/stopword.txt
  235. innodb_adaptive_hash_index = 0
  236. low-priority-updates
  237. show-slave-auth-info
  238. ignore_builtin_innodb
  239. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 500M
  240. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
  241. innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
  242. innodb_log_file_size = 16M
  243. innodb_file_per_table
  244. myisam-recover = force,backup
  245. myisam_block_size = 2048
  246. user = mysql
  247. socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
  248. port = 3306
  249. basedir = /usr
  250. datadir = /var/lib/mysql
  251. tmpdir = /tmp
  252. skip-external-locking
  253. key_buffer_size = 16M
  254. kb1.key_buffer_size = 10M
  255. kb2.key_buffer_size = 10M
  256. max_allowed_packet = 64M
  257. thread_stack = 192K
  258. thread_cache_size = 8
  259. myisam-recover = BACKUP
  260. max_connections = 600
  261. query_cache_type = 0
  262. log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
  263. server-id = 1
  264. log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
  265. binlog_format = MIXED
  266. expire_logs_days = 10
  267. max_binlog_size = 1024M
  268. max_relay_log_size = 500M
  269.  
  270. [mysqldump]
  271. quick
  272. quote-names
  273. max_allowed_packet = 16M
  274.  
  275. [mysql]
  276.  
  277. [isamchk]
  278. key_buffer = 16M
  279. # The End ####################################################

更多信息见:http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-toolkit/2.2/pt-mysql-summary.html

3:pt-config-diff:对比配置文件的异同,类似Linux的diff命令

执行:

  1. pt-config-diff h=localhost,P=3306 h=192.168.200.25,P=3307 --user=root --password=123456

打印出来的信息包括:指定MySQL它们配置文件的不同。

  1. zhoujy@zhoujy:~$ pt-config-diff --ask-pass h=localhost,P=3306 h=192.168.200.25,P=3307 --user=root
  2. Enter MySQL password:
  3. Enter MySQL password:
  4. 49 config differences
  5. Variable zhoujy zhoujy
  6. ========================= ========================= =========================
  7. back_log 50 170
  8. basedir /usr/ /opt/mysql/server-5.6
  9. character_sets_dir /usr/share/mysql/chars... /opt/mysql/server-5.6/...
  10. completion_type 0 NO_CHAIN
  11. concurrent_insert 1 AUTO
  12. datadir /var/lib/mysql/ /opt/mysql/mysql5.6/
  13. ft_min_word_len 2 4
  14. general_log_file /var/lib/mysql/zhoujy.log /opt/mysql/mysql5.6/zh...
  15. ignore_builtin_innodb ON OFF
  16. innodb_adaptive_hash_i... OFF ON
  17. innodb_autoextend_incr... 8 64
  18. innodb_buffer_pool_size 524288000 134217728
  19. innodb_change_buffering inserts all
  20. innodb_concurrency_tic... 500 5000
  21. innodb_data_file_path ibdata1:10M:autoextend ibdata1:12M:autoextend
  22. innodb_file_format_check Barracuda ON
  23. innodb_flush_log_at_tr... 0 1
  24. innodb_flush_method O_DIRECT
  25. innodb_log_file_size 16777216 50331648
  26. innodb_old_blocks_time 0 1000
  27. innodb_open_files 300 2000
  28. innodb_stats_on_metadata ON OFF
  29. innodb_version 5.1.69 1.2.10
  30. join_buffer_size 131072 262144
  31. log_error /var/log/mysql/error.log /var/log/mysql/error2.log
  32. low_priority_updates ON OFF
  33. max_binlog_cache_size 4294963200 18446744073709547520
  34. max_connect_errors 10 100
  35. open_files_limit 3000 65535
  36. optimizer_switch index_merge=on,index_m... index_merge=on,index_m...
  37. pid_file /var/lib/mysql/zhoujy.pid /opt/mysql/mysql5.6/zh...
  38. plugin_dir /usr/lib/mysql/plugin /opt/mysql/server-5.6/...
  39. port 3306 3307
  40. query_cache_size 0 16777216
  41. report_port 3306 3307
  42. secure_auth OFF ON
  43. server_id 1 2
  44. slow_query_log_file /var/lib/mysql/zhoujy-... /opt/mysql/mysql5.6/zh...
  45. socket /var/run/mysqld/mysqld... /var/run/mysqld/mysqld...
  46. sort_buffer_size 2097144 262144
  47. sql_auto_is_null ON OFF
  48. sql_mode NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
  49. sql_slave_skip_counter 0
  50. storage_engine MyISAM InnoDB
  51. table_definition_cache 256 1400
  52. table_open_cache 64 2000
  53. version 5.1.69-0ubuntu0.11.10.... 5.6.10-log
  54. version_comment (Ubuntu) MySQL Community Server...
  55. version_compile_os debian-linux-gnu debian6.0

更多信息见:http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-toolkit/2.2/pt-config-diff.html

4:pt-variable-advisor:通过该命令,分析MySQL的变量(my.cnf),并对可能存在的问题提出建议

执行:

  1. 从指定地址获取变量值:
  2. pt-variable-advisor --user=root --password=123456 192.168.220.245

打印出来的信息包括:一些变量设置的是否合理已经给出的建议

  1. zhoujy@zhoujy:~$ pt-variable-advisor --ask-pass --user=zjy 192.168.220.245
  2. Enter password:
  3. # WARN delay_key_write: MyISAM index blocks are never flushed until necessary.
  4.  
  5. # WARN innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit-1: InnoDB is not configured in strictly ACID mode.
  6.  
  7. # WARN innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit-2: Setting innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit to 0 has no performance benefits over setting it to 2, and more types of data loss are possible.
  8.  
  9. # NOTE innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct: The innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct is lower than the default.
  10.  
  11. # NOTE log_warnings-2: Log_warnings must be set greater than 1 to log unusual events such as aborted connections.
  12.  
  13. # NOTE max_connect_errors: max_connect_errors should probably be set as large as your platform allows.
  14.  
  15. # WARN slave_net_timeout: This variable is set too high.
  16.  
  17. # NOTE sort_buffer_size-1: The sort_buffer_size variable should generally be left at its default unless an expert determines it is necessary to change it.
  18.  
  19. # NOTE innodb_data_file_path: Auto-extending InnoDB files can consume a lot of disk space that is very difficult to reclaim later.
  20.  
  21. # NOTE innodb_flush_method: Most production database servers that use InnoDB should set innodb_flush_method to O_DIRECT to avoid double-buffering, unless the I/O system is very low performance.
  22.  
  23. # WARN log_bin: Binary logging is disabled, so point-in-time recovery and replication are not possible.

更多信息见:http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-toolkit/2.2/pt-variable-advisor.html

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