xtrabackup 增量备份（InnoDB）

mysql> select * from users;
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
| id | name      | password | address      |
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
|  1 | zhang     | 1234     | NULL         |
|  2 | wang      | 4321     | 湖北武汉     |
|  3 | li        | 5678     | 北京海淀     |
|  4 | zhan      | 1234     | NULL         |
|  5 | wan       | 4321     | 湖北武汉     |
|  7 | for       | 777      | kkk          |
|  8 | ck        | 132      | kkk          |
|  9 | kk        | 567      | ddd          |
| 10 | 10t       | 123456   | kkkkdkdkd    |
| 11 | 全备份    | 1234     | full         |
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=123456 /backup/full_data/

mysql> select * from users;
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
| id | name      | password | address      |
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
|  1 | zhang     | 1234     | NULL         |
|  2 | wang      | 4321     | 湖北武汉     |
|  3 | li        | 5678     | 北京海淀     |
|  4 | zhan      | 1234     | NULL         |
|  5 | wan       | 4321     | 湖北武汉     |
|  7 | for       | 777      | kkk          |
|  8 | ck        | 132      | kkk          |
|  9 | kk        | 567      | ddd          |
| 10 | 10t       | 123456   | kkkkdkdkd    |
| 11 | 全备份    | 1234     | full         |
| 12 | 第一次    | 123      | first        |
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --user=root --password=123456 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --incremental /backup/zl_data/ --incremental-basedir=/backup/full_data/2016-05-02_10-24-53/

mysql> select * from users;
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
| id | name      | password | address      |
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
|  1 | zhang     | 1234     | NULL         |
|  2 | wang      | 4321     | 湖北武汉     |
|  3 | li        | 5678     | 北京海淀     |
|  4 | zhan      | 1234     | NULL         |
|  5 | wan       | 4321     | 湖北武汉     |
|  7 | for       | 777      | kkk          |
|  8 | ck        | 132      | kkk          |
|  9 | kk        | 567      | ddd          |
| 10 | 10t       | 123456   | kkkkdkdkd    |
| 11 | 全备份    | 1234     | full         |
| 12 | 第一次    | 123      | first        |
| 13 | 第二次    | 456      | second       |
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
12 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@centos01 backup]# mkdir /backup/zl_data2
[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --user=root --password=123456 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --incremental /backup/zl_data2/ --incremental-basedir=/backup/zl_data/2016-05-02_10-31-50/

[root@centos01 backup]# cd full_data/2016-05-02_10-24-53/
[root@centos01 2016-05-02_10-24-53]# pwd
/backup/full_data/2016-05-02_10-24-53
[root@centos01 2016-05-02_10-24-53]# cat xtrabackup_checkpoints
backup_type = full-backuped
from_lsn = 0
to_lsn = 24104664
last_lsn = 24104674
[root@centos01 2016-05-02_10-31-50]# cat xtrabackup_checkpoints
backup_type = incremental
from_lsn = 24104664
to_lsn = 24104694
last_lsn = 24104694
[root@centos01 2016-05-02_10-31-50]# pwd
/backup/zl_data/2016-05-02_10-31-50
[root@centos01 2016-05-02_10-37-12]# cat xtrabackup_checkpoints
backup_type = incremental
from_lsn = 24104694
to_lsn = 24104724
last_lsn = 24104724
[root@centos01 2016-05-02_10-37-12]# pwd
/backup/zl_data2/2016-05-02_10-37-12

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /backup/full_data/2016-05-02_10-24-53/

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /backup/full_data/2016-05-02_10-24-53/ --incremental-dir=/backup/zl_data/2016-05-02_10-31-50/

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /backup/full_data/2016-05-02_10-24-53 --incremental-dir=/backup/zl_data2/2016-05-02_10-37-12/

此时所有的redo执做者还原在完全备份中了，所以只要还原，完全备份就可以：

[root@centos01 backup]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@centos01 backup]# rm -rf /alidata/server/mysql/data/*

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /backup/full_data/2016-05-02_10-24-53

[root@centos01 backup]# chown -R mysql.mysql /alidata/server/mysql/data/
[root@centos01 backup]# ls -l /alidata/server/mysql/data/
total 26664
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 May  2 10:46 2016-04-30_15-25-34
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 May  2 10:46 ceshi
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 27262976 May  2 10:43 ibdata1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 May  2 10:46 image
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 May  2 10:46 mysql
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 May  2 10:46 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 May  2 10:46 sx
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 May  2 10:46 test
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 May  2 10:46 test2
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql       24 May  2 10:46 xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql       79 May  2 10:46 xtrabackup_checkpoints

[root@centos01 backup]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!
[root@centos01 backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "select * from ceshi.users;"
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
| id | name      | password | address      |
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+
|  1 | zhang     | 1234     | NULL         |
|  2 | wang      | 4321     | 湖北武汉     |
|  3 | li        | 5678     | 北京海淀     |
|  4 | zhan      | 1234     | NULL         |
|  5 | wan       | 4321     | 湖北武汉     |
|  7 | for       | 777      | kkk          |
|  8 | ck        | 132      | kkk          |
|  9 | kk        | 567      | ddd          |
| 10 | 10t       | 123456   | kkkkdkdkd    |
| 11 | 全备份    | 1234     | full         |
+----+-----------+----------+--------------+

好像失败了！！！

mysql> show create table users;
+-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
+-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| users | CREATE TABLE `users` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `address` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=12 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test2
Database changed
mysql> show tables ;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_test2 |
+-----------------+
| articles        |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create table articles;
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table    | Create Table                                                                                                                                                                 |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| articles | CREATE TABLE `articles` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `content` longtext NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=15 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from articles;
+----+--------------+
| id | content      |
+----+--------------+
| 11 | hahahaha     |
| 12 | xixixi       |
| 13 | aiaiaiaiaiai |
| 14 | hohohoho     |
+----+--------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into articles (id,content) values (15,'全备');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.16 sec)

mysql> select * from articles;
+----+--------------+
| id | content      |
+----+--------------+
| 11 | hahahaha     |
| 12 | xixixi       |
| 13 | aiaiaiaiaiai |
| 14 | hohohoho     |
| 15 | 全备         |
+----+--------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=123456 /backup/full_data/

mysql> insert into articles (id,content) values (16,'增一');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> select * from articles;
+----+--------------+
| id | content      |
+----+--------------+
| 11 | hahahaha     |
| 12 | xixixi       |
| 13 | aiaiaiaiaiai |
| 14 | hohohoho     |
| 15 | 全备         |
| 16 | 增一         |
+----+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=123456 --incremental /backup/zl_data/ --incremental-basedir=/backup/full_data/2016-05-02_11-13-54/

mysql> use test2;
Database changed
mysql> insert into articles (id,content) values (17,'增二');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> select * from articles;
+----+--------------+
| id | content      |
+----+--------------+
| 11 | hahahaha     |
| 12 | xixixi       |
| 13 | aiaiaiaiaiai |
| 14 | hohohoho     |
| 15 | 全备         |
| 16 | 增一         |
| 17 | 增二         |
+----+--------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# mkdir /backup/zl_data2/

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=123456 --incremental /backup/zl_data2/ --incremental-basedir=/backup/zl_data/2016-05-02_11-18-06/

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /backup/full_data/2016-05-02_11-13-54/

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /backup/full_data/2016-05-02_11-13-54/ --incremental-dir=/backup/zl_data/2016-05-02_11-18-06/

[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /backup/full_data/2016-05-02_11-13-54/ --incremental-dir=/backup/zl_data2/2016-05-02_11-21-30/

[root@centos01 backup]# service mysqld stop
[root@centos01 backup]# rm -rf /alidata/server/mysql/data/*
[root@centos01 backup]# innobackupex --copy-back /backup/full_data/2016-05-02_11-13-54
[root@centos01 backup]# chown -R mysql.mysql /alidata/server/mysql/data/

[root@centos01 backup]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!

mysql> select * from articles;
+----+--------------+
| id | content      |
+----+--------------+
| 11 | hahahaha     |
| 12 | xixixi       |
| 13 | aiaiaiaiaiai |
| 14 | hohohoho     |
| 15 | 全备         |
| 16 | 增一         |
| 17 | 增二         |
+----+--------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
成功了！！！！！！证明MyISAM不支持增量备份。