debian 9 开机启动

由于某些软件并没有增加开启启动的服务，很多时候需要手工添加，一般我们都是推荐添加命令到 /etc/rc.local 文件，但是 Debian 9 默认不带 /etc/rc.local 文件，而 rc.local 服务却还是自带的

root@debian9 ~ # cat /lib/systemd/system/rc.local.service
 
#  This file is part of systemd.
 
#
 
#  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 
#  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
 
#  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 
#  (at your option) any later version.
 
# This unit gets pulled automatically into multi-user.target by
 
# systemd-rc-local-generator if /etc/rc.local is executable.
 
[Unit]
 
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
 
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.local
 
After=network.target
 
[Service]
 
Type=forking
 
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
 
TimeoutSec=0
 
RemainAfterExit=yes
 
GuessMainPID=no

并且默认情况下这个服务还是关闭的状态

root@debian9 ~ # systemctl status rc-local
 
● rc-local.service - /etc/rc.local Compatibility
 
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service; static; vendor preset: enabled)
 
Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service.d
 
└─debian.conf
 
Active: inactive (dead)

为了解决这个问题，我们需要手工添加一个 /etc/rc.local 文件

cat <<EOF >/etc/rc.local
 
#!/bin/sh -e
 
#
 
# rc.local
 
#
 
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
 
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
 
# value on error.
 
#
 
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
 
# bits.
 
#
 
# By default this script does nothing.
 
exit 0
 
EOF

然后赋予权限

chmod +x /etc/rc.local

接着启动 rc-local 服务

systemctl start rc-local

再次查看状态

root@debian9 ~ # systemctl status rc-local
 
● rc-local.service - /etc/rc.local Compatibility
 
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service; static; vendor preset: enabled)
 
Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service.d
 
└─debian.conf
 
Active: active (exited) since Thu 2017-08-03 09:41:18 UTC; 14s ago
 
Process: 20901 ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 
Aug 03 09:41:18 xtom-proxy systemd[1]: Starting /etc/rc.local Compatibility...
 
Aug 03 09:41:18 xtom-proxy systemd[1]: Started /etc/rc.local Compatibility.

然后你就可以把需要开机启动的命令添加到 /etc/rc.local 文件，丢在 exit 0 前面即可，并尝试重启以后试试是否生效了

转载自https://www.zhangweijie.net/post/2017/08/14/2868.html

----------------------------------- 后  记---------------------------------------------

当初我是为了将ankiserver部署到debian9 虚拟机上，并让它随着虚拟机启动而启动ankiserver服务而查的资料。

另外案例下另外一个收获：让你的vmware 随机启动，并让虚拟机也启动，关机时停止运行

https://www.cnblogs.com/chenxiaonian/p/6274965.html   注意，将vmware的目录设为环境变量

https://www.vmware.com/support/ws5/doc/ws_learning_cli_vmrun.html

搭建anki server时，我参考的https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/25042942?refer=-anki  和 https://www.jianshu.com/p/c50e3feec878