关于日期处理的实例:

从mysql给出的 example 这个是官方源码下载以及导入,http://dev.mysql.com/doc/employee/en/employees-installation.html

然后执行下面的操作:

  1. mysql> create table employees like employees.employees;
  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
  3.  
  4. mysql> desc employees;
  5. +------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  6. | Field      | Type          | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
  7. +------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  8. | emp_no     | int(11)       | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
  9. | birth_date | date          | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
  10. | first_name | varchar(14)   | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
  11. | last_name  | varchar(16)   | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
  12. | gender     | enum('M','F') | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
  13. | hire_date  | date          | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
  14. +------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  15. 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  16. 从其他数据库中指定的表中导入数据，employees.employees 导入前10条数据
  17. mysql> insert into employees select * from employees.employees limit 10;
  18. Query OK, 10 rows affected (0.04 sec)
  19. Records: 10  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
  20. 仅查询employess表中的last_name,first_name和birthd_date三个数据
  21. mysql> select concat(last_name,' ',first_name) as name,birth_date as birthday from employees;
  22. mysql> select concat(last_name,' ',first_name) as name,birth_date as birthday from employees;
  23. +--------------------+------------+
  24. | name               | birthday   |
  25. +--------------------+------------+
  26. | Facello Georgi     | 1953-09-02 |
  27. | Simmel Bezalel     | 1964-06-02 |
  28. | Bamford Parto      | 1959-12-03 |
  29. | Koblick Chirstian  | 1954-05-01 |
  30. | Maliniak Kyoichi   | 1955-01-21 |
  31. | Preusig Anneke     | 1953-04-20 |
  32. | Zielinski Tzvetan  | 1957-05-23 |
  33. | Kalloufi Saniya    | 1958-02-19 |
  34. | Peac Sumant        | 1952-04-19 |
  35. | Piveteau Duangkaew | 1963-06-01 |
  36. | amos li            | 1972-02-29 |
  37. +--------------------+------------+
  38. 11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

然后执行下面的命令:用来计算每位员工的出生日期与当前日期相差的年份,以及当前的日期.

  1. select concat(last_name,first_name) as name,birth_date as birthday,(YEAR(now())-YEAR(birth_date)) as diff, now() as today from employees;
  1. +-------------------+------------+------+---------------------+
  2. | name              | birthday   | diff | today               |
  3. +-------------------+------------+------+---------------------+
  4. | FacelloGeorgi     | 1953-09-02 |   60 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  5. | SimmelBezalel     | 1964-06-02 |   49 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  6. | BamfordParto      | 1959-12-03 |   54 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  7. | KoblickChirstian  | 1954-05-01 |   59 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  8. | MaliniakKyoichi   | 1955-01-21 |   58 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  9. | PreusigAnneke     | 1953-04-20 |   60 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  10. | ZielinskiTzvetan  | 1957-05-23 |   56 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  11. | KalloufiSaniya    | 1958-02-19 |   55 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  12. | PeacSumant        | 1952-04-19 |   61 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  13. | PiveteauDuangkaew | 1963-06-01 |   50 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  14. | amosli            | 1972-02-29 |   41 | 2013-12-08 02:12:54 |
  15. +-------------------+------------+------+---------------------+
  16. 11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

接下来是为了计算今年和明年的生日,注意如果生日为２月２９日,且目标日期不是闰月,那么这两列所包含的将是２月２８日,而非３月１日.

  1. select name,birthday,today,date_add(birthday,interval diff year) as cur,date_add(birthday,interval diff+1 year ) as next from (select concat(last_name,first_name) as name,birth_date as birthday,(YEAR(now())-YEAR(birth_date)) as diff, now() as today from employees) as a;
  1. +-------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+------------+
  2. | name              | birthday   | today               | cur        | next       |
  3. +-------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+------------+
  4. | FacelloGeorgi     | 1953-09-02 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-09-02 | 2014-09-02 |
  5. | SimmelBezalel     | 1964-06-02 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-06-02 | 2014-06-02 |
  6. | BamfordParto      | 1959-12-03 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-12-03 | 2014-12-03 |
  7. | KoblickChirstian  | 1954-05-01 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-05-01 | 2014-05-01 |
  8. | MaliniakKyoichi   | 1955-01-21 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-01-21 | 2014-01-21 |
  9. | PreusigAnneke     | 1953-04-20 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-04-20 | 2014-04-20 |
  10. | ZielinskiTzvetan  | 1957-05-23 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-05-23 | 2014-05-23 |
  11. | KalloufiSaniya    | 1958-02-19 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-02-19 | 2014-02-19 |
  12. | PeacSumant        | 1952-04-19 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-04-19 | 2014-04-19 |
  13. | PiveteauDuangkaew | 1963-06-01 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-06-01 | 2014-06-01 |
  14. | amosli            | 1972-02-29 | 2013-12-08 02:14:27 | 2013-02-28 | 2014-02-28 |
  15. +-------------------+------------+---------------------+------------+------------+
  16. 11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

如果出生的日期是闰月,并且当前的年份不是闰年,那么日期加一,表示３月１日为生日,对于下一个年份使用同样的操作:

  1.  select name,birthday,date_add(next,interval if(day(birthday)=29&&day(next)=28,1,0) day) as next,today,date_add(cur,interval if(day(birthday)=29&&day(cur)=28,1,0) day) as cur from(select name,birthday,today,date_add(birthday,interval diff year) as cur,date_add(birthday,interval diff+1 year ) as next from (select concat(last_name,first_name) as name,birth_date as birthday,(YEAR(now())-YEAR(birth_date)) as diff, now() as today from employees) as a) as b; 
  1. +-------------------+------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
  2. | name              | birthday   | next       | today               | cur        |
  3. +-------------------+------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
  4. | FacelloGeorgi     | 1953-09-02 | 2014-09-02 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-09-02 |
  5. | SimmelBezalel     | 1964-06-02 | 2014-06-02 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-06-02 |
  6. | BamfordParto      | 1959-12-03 | 2014-12-03 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-12-03 |
  7. | KoblickChirstian  | 1954-05-01 | 2014-05-01 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-05-01 |
  8. | MaliniakKyoichi   | 1955-01-21 | 2014-01-21 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-01-21 |
  9. | PreusigAnneke     | 1953-04-20 | 2014-04-20 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-04-20 |
  10. | ZielinskiTzvetan  | 1957-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-05-23 |
  11. | KalloufiSaniya    | 1958-02-19 | 2014-02-19 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-02-19 |
  12. | PeacSumant        | 1952-04-19 | 2014-04-19 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-04-19 |
  13. | PiveteauDuangkaew | 1963-06-01 | 2014-06-01 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-06-01 |
  14. | amosli            | 1972-02-29 | 2014-03-01 | 2013-12-08 02:19:07 | 2013-03-01 |
  15. +-------------------+------------+------------+---------------------+------------+
  16. 11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

最后判断今年的生日是否已经过了,如果是,那么返回下一年的生日,最后得到的查询结果如下所示:

  1.  select name,birthday,if(cur>today,cur,next) as birth_day from(select name,birthday,date_add(next,interval if(day(birthday)=29&&day(next)=28,1,0) day) as next,today,date_add(cur,interval if(day(birthday)=29&&day(cur)=28,1,0) day) as cur from(select name,birthday,today,date_add(birthday,interval diff year) as cur,date_add(birthday,interval diff+1 year ) as next from (select concat(last_name,first_name) as name,birth_date as birthday,(YEAR(now())-YEAR(birth_date)) as diff, now() as today from employees) as a) as b) as c;
  1. +-------------------+------------+------------+
  2. | name              | birthday   | birth_day  |
  3. +-------------------+------------+------------+
  4. | FacelloGeorgi     | 1953-09-02 | 2014-09-02 |
  5. | SimmelBezalel     | 1964-06-02 | 2014-06-02 |
  6. | BamfordParto      | 1959-12-03 | 2014-12-03 |
  7. | KoblickChirstian  | 1954-05-01 | 2014-05-01 |
  8. | MaliniakKyoichi   | 1955-01-21 | 2014-01-21 |
  9. | PreusigAnneke     | 1953-04-20 | 2014-04-20 |
  10. | ZielinskiTzvetan  | 1957-05-23 | 2014-05-23 |
  11. | KalloufiSaniya    | 1958-02-19 | 2014-02-19 |
  12. | PeacSumant        | 1952-04-19 | 2014-04-19 |
  13. | PiveteauDuangkaew | 1963-06-01 | 2014-06-01 |
  14. | amosli            | 1972-02-29 | 2014-03-01 |
  15. +-------------------+------------+------------+
  16. 11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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