nginx配置负载均衡与反向代理

#给文件夹授权

 

1	chown -R www:www /usr/local/nginx

#修改配置文件
vim nginx.conf

 

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user www www; worker_processes 1; error_log logs/error.log; pid logs/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; events {     use epoll;     worker_connections 65535; } http {     include mime.types;     default_type application/octet-stream;     include /usr/local/nginx/conf/reverse-proxy.conf;     sendfile on;     keepalive_timeout 65;     gzip on;     client_max_body_size 50m; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数,可以理解为保存到本地再传给用户     client_body_buffer_size 256k;     client_header_timeout 3m;     client_body_timeout 3m;     send_timeout 3m;     proxy_connect_timeout 300s; #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)     proxy_read_timeout 300s; #连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)     proxy_send_timeout 300s;     proxy_buffer_size 64k; #设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小     proxy_buffers 4 32k; #proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的话，这样设置     proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小（proxy_buffers*2）     proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传递请求，而不缓冲到磁盘     proxy_ignore_client_abort on; #不允许代理端主动关闭连接     server {         listen 80;         server_name localhost;         location / {             root html;             index index.html index.htm;         }         error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;         location = /50x.html {             root html;         }     } }

编辑反向代理服务器配置文件：
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/reverse-proxy.conf

 

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server {     listen 80;     server_name xxx123.tk;     location / {         proxy_redirect off;         proxy_set_header Host $host;         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;         proxy_pass http://192.168.10.38:3000;     }     access_log logs/xxx123.tk_access.log; }   server {     listen 80;     server_name xxx456.tk;     location / {         proxy_redirect off;         proxy_set_header Host $host;         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;         proxy_pass http://192.168.10.40:80;     }     access_log logs/xxx456.tk_access.log; }

然后重新加载nginx配置文件，使之修改生效，再把xxx123.tk域名指向公司静态IP，这样就成功的做到了在浏览器中输入xxx123.tk的时候访问的内网服务器192.168.10.38的3000端口,输入xxx456.tk访问192.168.10.40的80端口的作用。
如果想对后端机器做负载均衡，像下面这配置就可以把对nagios.xxx123.tk的请求分发给内网的131和132这两台机器做负载均衡了。

 

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upstream monitor_server {     server 192.168.0.131:80;         server 192.168.0.132:80; }   server {     listen 80;     server_name nagios.xxx123.tk;     location / {         proxy_redirect off;         proxy_set_header Host $host;         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;         proxy_pass http://monitor_server;     }     access_log logs/nagios.xxx123.tk_access.log; }

额，关于负载均衡和缓存就不多说了，这里只是要起到一个简单的“域名转发”功能。
另外，由于http请求最后都是由反向代理服务器传递给后段的机器，所以后端的机器原来的访问日志记录的访问IP都是反向代理服务器的IP。
要想能记录真实IP，需要修改后端机器的日志格式，这里假设后端也是一台nginx：
在后端配置文件里面加入这一段即可：

 

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log_format access '$HTTP_X_REAL_IP - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $HTTP_X_Forwarded_For';   access_log logs/access.log access;

再看看原来日志的格式长什么样：

 

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#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';   #access_log logs/access.log main;

看出区别了吧