Djnogo Web开发学习笔记（2）

安装

截止目前，https://www.djangoproject.com/download/提供的最新的Django的下载版本为1.6.4.

Install Django

You’ve got three easy options to install Django:

Install a version of Django provided by your operating system distribution. This is the quickest option for those who have operating systems that distribute Django.
Install an official release. This is the best approach for users who want a stable version number and aren’t concerned about running a slightly older version of Django.
Install the latest development version. This is best for users who want the latest-and-greatest features and aren’t afraid of running brand-new code.

windows下安装Djnogo的方式在说明文档https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/howto/windows/

Test Install

After the installation has completed, you can verify your Django installation by executing django-admin.py --version in the command prompt.

因为我的是安装的1.6.4 因此，可以看到如图所示：

安装完成后，Django会被安置在../Lib/site-packages下面

Set Environments path

将C:/Python27/Lib/site-packages/django添加到环境变量下面，就可以利用django-admin.py创建工程了！

该文件位于目录 C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\django\bin下面

Writing your first Django app

Creating a project

打开到django-admin.py的目录环境下，执行 django-admin.py startproject myproject ，可以发现生成一个新的文件夹“myproject",并且其中会有一些新生成的文件和目录。如果希望在别的工程目录下面创建自己的工程，可以在工程名称后面添加执行的路径，例如：django-admin.py startproject myproject C:\MyProject

__init__.py：表明该目录为一个python包

setting.py：项目设置文件

　　urls.py：URL映射管理

manage.py：对项目进行操作的命令

wsgi.py：Python Web Server Gateway Interface，是Python应用程序或框架和Web服务器之间的一种接口。

参考文件中的英文文档说明：

The outer mysite/ root directory is just a container for your project. Its name doesn’t matter to Django; you can rename it to anything you like.
manage.py: A command-line utility that lets you interact with this Django project in various ways. You can read all the details about manage.py in django-admin.py and manage.py.
The inner mysite/ directory is the actual Python package for your project. Its name is the Python package name you’ll need to use to import anything inside it (e.g. mysite.urls).
mysite/__init__.py: An empty file that tells Python that this directory should be considered a Python package. (Read more about packages in the official Python docs if you’re a Python beginner.)
mysite/settings.py: Settings/configuration for this Django project. Django settings will tell you all about how settings work.
mysite/urls.py: The URL declarations for this Django project; a “table of contents” of your Django-powered site. You can read more about URLs in URL dispatcher.
mysite/wsgi.py: An entry-point for WSGI-compatible web servers to serve your project. See How to deploy with WSGI for more details.

其中的mysite就是我们创建的myproject

The development server

Let’s verify this worked. Change into the outer mysite directory, if you haven’t already, and run the command python manage.py runserver. You’ll see the following output on the command line:

进入我们新建的工程目录，发现名为manage.py的文件，然后运行 python manage.py runserver. 该服务器是在Django下自带的服务器，发现如下界面：

输入网址：http://127.0.0.1:8000/

可以看到如下界面，表示运行成功：

如果发现端口被占用(netstat-ano）我们也可以修改端口指令

Changing the port

By default, the runserver command starts the development server on the internal IP at port 8000.

If you want to change the server’s port, pass it as a command-line argument. For instance, this command starts the server on port 8080:

$ python manage.py runserver 8080

If you want to change the server’s IP, pass it along with the port. So to listen on all public IPs (useful if you want to show off your work on other computers), use:

$ python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

Full docs for the development server can be found in the runserver reference.

这样我们基本完成了环境搭建，下一节我们将介绍怎样创建前台！

参考：

[1]https://docs.djangoproject.com

[2]http://www.cnblogs.com/zhoujie/archive/2013/05/11/django1.html