Centos7的firewalld配置

红帽官方的使用文档:

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/Security_Guide/sec-Using_Firewalls.html

常用命令

# 查看版本
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --version
0.3.
# 查看状态
[root@osboxes java]# systemctl status firewalld.service
OR
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --state
running
# 获取启用的zone
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
public
  interfaces: eno16777984

修改网卡的zone

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=external --change-interface=eth0
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=internal --change-interface=eth1

查看指定zone中开放的端口和服务

[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (default, active)
  interfaces: eno16777984
  sources:
  services: dhcpv6-client mdns ssh
  ports:
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports:
  icmp-blocks:
  rich rules: 

查看系统中可用的服务

# 列出已配置好可用的服务, 位于 /usr/lib/firewalld/services/ 下
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --get-services
amanda-client bacula bacula-client dhcp dhcpv6 dhcpv6-client dns ftp high-availability http https imaps ipp ipp-client ipsec kerberos kpasswd ldap ldaps libvirt libvirt-tls mdns mountd ms-wbt mysql nfs ntp openvpn pmcd pmproxy pmwebapi pmwebapis pop3s postgresql proxy-dhcp radius rpc-bind samba samba-client smtp ssh telnet tftp tftp-client transmission-client vnc-server wbem-https

# 强制列出包含用户设置在/etc/firewalld/services/, 但尚未loaded的服务
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --get-services --permanent
amanda-client bacula bacula-client dhcp dhcpv6 dhcpv6-client dns ftp high-availability http https imaps ipp ipp-client ipsec kerberos kpasswd ldap ldaps libvirt libvirt-tls mdns mountd ms-wbt mysql nfs ntp openvpn pmcd pmproxy pmwebapi pmwebapis pop3s postgresql proxy-dhcp radius rpc-bind samba samba-client smtp ssh telnet tftp tftp-client transmission-client vnc-server wbem-https

对指定的zone添加端口

# 不要忘记 --permanent
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
# OR 添加一个地址段
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5060-5061/udp --permanent
success
# 需要reload后才启用, 热加载
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --reload
# OR 冷加载
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --complete-reload
success
# 能看到新端口已经添加
[root@osboxes java]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (default, active)
  interfaces: eno16777984
  sources:
  services: dhcpv6-client mdns ssh
  ports: /tcp
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports:
  icmp-blocks:
  rich rules: 
# 删除一个端口
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --remove-port=8080/tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --remove-port=8080/udp

添加服务(默认端口)

firewall-cmd --zone=public  --add-service=ftp --permanent

添加NAT

首先要加上ip forward

vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

打开IP伪装

firewall-cmd --zone=external --add-masquerade --permanent

.内网其他机器, 要把网关配置为当前服务器

#设置网关
route add default  gw 192.168.100.1

#或修改/etc/sysconf/network/network-scripts/ifcfg-网卡名

.

添加端口转发

首先要打开IP伪装

firewall-cmd --zone=external --query-masquerade # 检查是否允许伪装IP
firewall-cmd --zone=external --add-masquerade # 允许防火墙伪装IP, 记得加上 --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=external --remove-masquerade# 禁止防火墙伪装IP

配置端口转发, 转本机端口, 转他机端口. 未填toaddr则默认本机, 未填toport则使用相同端口

# 将80端口的流量转发至8080
firewall-cmd --zone=external --add-forward-port=port=80:proto=tcp:toport=8080
# 将80端口的流量转发至
firewall-cmd --zone=external --add-forward-port=port=80:proto=tcp:toaddr=192.168.1.0.1
# 将80端口的流量转发至192.168.0.1的8080端口
firewall-cmd --zone=external --add-forward-port=port=80:proto=tcp:toaddr=192.168.0.1:toport=8080

.