最近项目中，用到了登陆后获取并携带cookies发起请求的业务场景，现总结写出来备忘一下。

1.定义存取cookies信息的全局变量

  1.  public class HttpUtil {
  2.  
  3.      /**
  4.       * 用来存取cookies信息的变量.
  5.       */
  6.      private static CookieStore cookieStore;

2.登陆后获取cookies信息存储到全局变量

  1.  public class HttpUtil {
  2.  
  3.      /**
  4.       *
  5.       * @param httpUrl
  6.       *            地址
  7.       * @param paramMap
  8.       *            参数
  9.       *
  10.       */
  11.      public static String loginPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, Object> paramMap) throws Exception {
  12.          if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  13.              log.info("请求httpUrl=" + httpUrl);
  14.              log.info("请求params=" + JSONObject.toJSONString(paramMap));
  15.          }
  16.  
  17.          // 创建httpPost
  18.          HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
  19.  
  20.          // 设置参数
  21.          List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
  22.          if (paramMap != null && paramMap.size() > 0) {
  23.              Set<String> keySet = paramMap.keySet();
  24.              for (String key : keySet) {
  25.                  params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, UcopCommonUtil.convertString(paramMap.get(key))));
  26.              }
  27.              httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"));
  28.          }
  29.  
  30.          String response;
  31.          DefaultHttpClient httpClient = null;
  32.          try {
  33.              httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
  34.              String contentCharset = CoreProtocolPNames.HTTP_CONTENT_CHARSET;
  35.              String soTimeOut = CoreConnectionPNames.SO_TIMEOUT;
  36.              String connectTimeOut = CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT;
  37.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(contentCharset, "utf-8");
  38.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(soTimeOut, 60000);
  39.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(connectTimeOut, 60000);
  40.  
  41.              HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  42.  
  43.              // 获得返回结果
  44.              response = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(), UcopUtils.UCOP_DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  45.  
  46.              // 获得cookie并存取
  47.              this.cookieStore = httpClient.getCookieStore();
  48.              List<Cookie> cookieList = this.cookieStore.getCookies();
  49.              for (Cookie cookie : cookieList){
  50.                  String name =cookie.getName();
  51.                  String value = cookie.getValue();
  52.                  log.info("登陆成功，cookie name = " + name + ", cookie value = " + value);
  53.              }
  54.              if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  55.                  log.info("响应内容=" + response);
  56.              }
  57.              return response;
  58.          } catch (Exception e) {
  59.              log.error("HttpPost请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  60.              throw new RuntimeException("HttpPost请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  61.          } finally {
  62.              if (null != httpClient) {
  63.                  httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
  64.              }
  65.          }
  66.      }

3.携带cookie发送业务请求

  1.  public class HttpUtil {
  2.  
  3.      /**
  4.       *
  5.       * @param url            请求地址
  6.       * @param paramMap              请求内容
  7.       * @return 响应内容
  8.       * @throws Exception
  9.       */
  10.      public static String requestPostWithCookie(String url, Map<String, Object> paramMap) throws Exception {
  11.          if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  12.              log.info("post请求地址：" + url);
  13.              log.info("post请求内容：" + paramMap);
  14.          }
  15.  
  16.          long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
  17.          try {
  18.              HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(this.cookieStore).build();
  19.              HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
  20.  
  21.              // 设置参数
  22.              List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
  23.              if (paramMap != null && paramMap.size() > 0) {
  24.                  Set<String> keySet = paramMap.keySet();
  25.                  for (String key : keySet) {
  26.                      params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, UcopCommonUtil.convertString(paramMap.get(key))));
  27.                  }
  28.                  httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"));
  29.              }
  30.  
  31.              // 设置请求和传输超时时间
  32.              RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(120000).setConnectTimeout(120000).build();
  33.              httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
  34.  
  35.              // 发起请求
  36.              HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  37.  
  38.              // 获取响应数据并转换成JSON
  39.              String resString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),  UcopUtils.UCOP_DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  40.              log.info("post响应内容: " + resString);
  41.  
  42.              return resString;
  43.          } catch (Exception e) {
  44.              log.error("请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  45.              throw e;
  46.          } finally {
  47.              log.info("结束post请求，耗时(ms)：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - beginTime));
  48.          }
  49.      }

4.完整示例代码

  1.  package com.zat.ucop.bus.service.impl;
  2.  
  3.  import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
  4.  import com.zat.ucop.service.util.UcopCommonUtil;
  5.  import com.zat.ucop.service.util.UcopUtils;
  6.  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
  7.  import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
  8.  import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
  9.  import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
  10.  import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
  11.  import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
  12.  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
  13.  import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;
  14.  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
  15.  import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
  16.  import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
  17.  import org.apache.http.params.CoreConnectionPNames;
  18.  import org.apache.http.params.CoreProtocolPNames;
  19.  import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  20.  import org.slf4j.Logger;
  21.  import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  22.  
  23.  import java.util.ArrayList;
  24.  import java.util.List;
  25.  import java.util.Map;
  26.  import java.util.Set;
  27.  
  28.  public class HttpUtil {
  29.  
  30.      private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);
  31.  
  32.      /**
  33.       * 用来存取cookies信息的变量.
  34.       */
  35.      private static CookieStore cookieStore;
  36.  
  37.      /**
  38.       *
  39.       * @param httpUrl
  40.       *            地址
  41.       * @param paramMap
  42.       *            参数
  43.       *
  44.       */
  45.      public static String loginPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, Object> paramMap) throws Exception {
  46.          if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  47.              log.info("请求httpUrl=" + httpUrl);
  48.              log.info("请求params=" + JSONObject.toJSONString(paramMap));
  49.          }
  50.  
  51.          // 创建httpPost
  52.          HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
  53.  
  54.          // 设置参数
  55.          List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
  56.          if (paramMap != null && paramMap.size() > 0) {
  57.              Set<String> keySet = paramMap.keySet();
  58.              for (String key : keySet) {
  59.                  params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, UcopCommonUtil.convertString(paramMap.get(key))));
  60.              }
  61.              httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"));
  62.          }
  63.  
  64.          String response;
  65.          DefaultHttpClient httpClient = null;
  66.          try {
  67.              httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
  68.              String contentCharset = CoreProtocolPNames.HTTP_CONTENT_CHARSET;
  69.              String soTimeOut = CoreConnectionPNames.SO_TIMEOUT;
  70.              String connectTimeOut = CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT;
  71.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(contentCharset, "utf-8");
  72.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(soTimeOut, 60000);
  73.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(connectTimeOut, 60000);
  74.  
  75.              HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  76.  
  77.              // 获得返回结果
  78.              response = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(), UcopUtils.UCOP_DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  79.  
  80.              // 获得cookie并存取
  81.              cookieStore = httpClient.getCookieStore();
  82.              List<Cookie> cookieList = cookieStore.getCookies();
  83.              for (Cookie cookie : cookieList){
  84.                  String name =cookie.getName();
  85.                  String value = cookie.getValue();
  86.                  log.info("登陆成功，cookie name = " + name + ", cookie value = " + value);
  87.              }
  88.              if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  89.                  log.info("响应内容=" + response);
  90.              }
  91.              return response;
  92.          } catch (Exception e) {
  93.              log.error("HttpPost请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  94.              throw new RuntimeException("HttpPost请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  95.          } finally {
  96.              if (null != httpClient) {
  97.                  httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
  98.              }
  99.          }
  100.      }
  101.  
  102.      /**
  103.       *
  104.       * @param url            请求地址
  105.       * @param paramMap              请求内容
  106.       * @return 响应内容
  107.       * @throws Exception
  108.       */
  109.      public static String requestPostWithCookie(String url, Map<String, Object> paramMap) throws Exception {
  110.          if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  111.              log.info("post请求地址：" + url);
  112.              log.info("post请求内容：" + paramMap);
  113.          }
  114.  
  115.          long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
  116.          try {
  117.              HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();
  118.              HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
  119.  
  120.              // 设置参数
  121.              List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
  122.              if (paramMap != null && paramMap.size() > 0) {
  123.                  Set<String> keySet = paramMap.keySet();
  124.                  for (String key : keySet) {
  125.                      params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, UcopCommonUtil.convertString(paramMap.get(key))));
  126.                  }
  127.                  httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"));
  128.              }
  129.  
  130.              // 设置请求和传输超时时间
  131.              RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(120000).setConnectTimeout(120000).build();
  132.              httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
  133.  
  134.              // 发起请求
  135.              HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  136.  
  137.              // 获取响应数据并转换成JSON
  138.              String resString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),  UcopUtils.UCOP_DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  139.              log.info("post响应内容: " + resString);
  140.  
  141.              return resString;
  142.          } catch (Exception e) {
  143.              log.error("请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  144.              throw e;
  145.          } finally {
  146.              log.info("结束post请求，耗时(ms)：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - beginTime));
  147.          }
  148.      }
  149.  
  150.  }

补充：HttpClient获取Cookie的两种方式

1.使用DefaultHttpClient类实例化httpClient对象：

  1.  package com.zat.ucop.bus.service.impl;
  2.  
  3.  import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
  4.  import com.zat.ucop.service.util.UcopCommonUtil;
  5.  import com.zat.ucop.service.util.UcopUtils;
  6.  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
  7.  import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
  8.  import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
  9.  import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
  10.  import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
  11.  import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
  12.  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
  13.  import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;
  14.  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
  15.  import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
  16.  import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
  17.  import org.apache.http.params.CoreConnectionPNames;
  18.  import org.apache.http.params.CoreProtocolPNames;
  19.  import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  20.  import org.slf4j.Logger;
  21.  import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  22.  
  23.  import java.util.ArrayList;
  24.  import java.util.List;
  25.  import java.util.Map;
  26.  import java.util.Set;
  27.  
  28.  public class HttpUtil {
  29.  
  30.      private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);
  31.  
  32.      /**
  33.       * 用来存取cookies信息的变量.
  34.       */
  35.      private static CookieStore cookieStore;
  36.  
  37.      /**
  38.       *
  39.       * @param httpUrl
  40.       *            地址
  41.       * @param paramMap
  42.       *            参数
  43.       *
  44.       */
  45.      public static String loginPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, Object> paramMap) throws Exception {
  46.          if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  47.              log.info("请求httpUrl=" + httpUrl);
  48.              log.info("请求params=" + JSONObject.toJSONString(paramMap));
  49.          }
  50.  
  51.          // 创建httpPost
  52.          HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
  53.  
  54.          // 设置参数
  55.          List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
  56.          if (paramMap != null && paramMap.size() > 0) {
  57.              Set<String> keySet = paramMap.keySet();
  58.              for (String key : keySet) {
  59.                  params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, UcopCommonUtil.convertString(paramMap.get(key))));
  60.              }
  61.              httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"));
  62.          }
  63.  
  64.          String response;
  65.          DefaultHttpClient httpClient = null;
  66.          try {
  67.              httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
  68.              String contentCharset = CoreProtocolPNames.HTTP_CONTENT_CHARSET;
  69.              String soTimeOut = CoreConnectionPNames.SO_TIMEOUT;
  70.              String connectTimeOut = CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT;
  71.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(contentCharset, "utf-8");
  72.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(soTimeOut, 60000);
  73.              httpClient.getParams().setParameter(connectTimeOut, 60000);
  74.  
  75.              HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  76.  
  77.              // 获得返回结果
  78.              response = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(), UcopUtils.UCOP_DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  79.  
  80.              // 获得cookie并存取
  81.  82             cookieStore = httpClient.getCookieStore();
  82.  83             List<Cookie> cookieList = cookieStore.getCookies();
  83.  84             for (Cookie cookie : cookieList){
  84.  85                 String name =cookie.getName();
  85.  86                 String value = cookie.getValue();
  86.  87                 log.info("登陆成功，cookie name = " + name + ", cookie value = " + value);
  87.  88             }
  88.              if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  89.                  log.info("响应内容=" + response);
  90.              }
  91.              return response;
  92.          } catch (Exception e) {
  93.              log.error("HttpPost请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  94.              throw new RuntimeException("HttpPost请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  95.          } finally {
  96.              if (null != httpClient) {
  97.                  httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
  98.              }
  99.          }
  100.      }
  101.  
  102.  }

2.使用CloseableHttpClient类实例化httpClient对象：

  1.  package com.zat.ucop.bus.service.impl;
  2.  
  3.  import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
  4.  import com.zat.ucop.service.util.UcopCommonUtil;
  5.  import com.zat.ucop.service.util.UcopUtils;
  6.  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
  7.  import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
  8.  import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
  9.  import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
  10.  import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
  11.  import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
  12.  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
  13.  import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;
  14.  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
  15.  import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
  16.  import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
  17.  import org.apache.http.params.CoreConnectionPNames;
  18.  import org.apache.http.params.CoreProtocolPNames;
  19.  import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  20.  import org.slf4j.Logger;
  21.  import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  22.  
  23.  import java.util.ArrayList;
  24.  import java.util.List;
  25.  import java.util.Map;
  26.  import java.util.Set;
  27.  
  28.  public class HttpUtil {
  29.  
  30.      private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);
  31.  
  32.      /**
  33.       * 用来存取cookies信息的变量.
  34.       */
  35.      private static CookieStore cookieStore;
  36.  
  37.      /**
  38.       *
  39.       * @param url            请求地址
  40.       * @param paramMap              请求内容
  41.       * @return 响应内容
  42.       * @throws Exception
  43.       */
  44.      public static String requestPostWithCookie(String url, Map<String, Object> paramMap) throws Exception {
  45.          if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
  46.              log.info("post请求地址：" + url);
  47.              log.info("post请求内容：" + paramMap);
  48.          }
  49.  
  50.          long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
  51.          try {
  52.              CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
  53.              HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();
  54.              HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
  55.  
  56.              // 设置参数
  57.              List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
  58.              if (paramMap != null && paramMap.size() > 0) {
  59.                  Set<String> keySet = paramMap.keySet();
  60.                  for (String key : keySet) {
  61.                      params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, UcopCommonUtil.convertString(paramMap.get(key))));
  62.                  }
  63.                  httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"));
  64.              }
  65.  
  66.              // 设置请求和传输超时时间
  67.              RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(120000).setConnectTimeout(120000).build();
  68.              httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
  69.  
  70.              // 发起请求
  71.              HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  72.  
  73. 74             List<Cookie> cookieList = cookieStore.getCookies();
  74. 75             for (Cookie cookie : cookieList){
  75. 76                 String name =cookie.getName();
  76. 77                 String value = cookie.getValue();
  77. 78                 log.info("cookie name = " + name + ", cookie value = " + value);
  78. 79             }
  79.  
  80.              // 获取响应数据并转换成JSON
  81.              String resString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),  UcopUtils.UCOP_DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  82.              log.info("post响应内容: " + resString);
  83.  
  84.              return resString;
  85.          } catch (Exception e) {
  86.              log.error("请求失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
  87.              throw e;
  88.          } finally {
  89.              log.info("结束post请求，耗时(ms)：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - beginTime));
  90.          }
  91.      }
  92.  
  93.  }
  94.

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