判断对错

1、利用 grAphiCs.py 可以在 Python 的 shell 窗口中绘制图形。
2、传统上，图形窗口的左上角坐标为（0,0）。
3、图形屏幕上的单个点称为像素。
4、创建类的新实例的函数称为取值方法。
5、实例变量用于在对象内存储数据。
6、语句 myShApe.move(10,20) 将 myShApe 移动到点（10,20）。
7、如果两个变量引用同一个对象，就产生了别名。
8、提供 Copy 方法是用于生成图形对象的副本。
9、图形窗口的标题总是“GrAphiCs WinDow”。
10、grAphiCs 库中，用于获取鼠标点击的方法是 reADMouse。
解答

  1.  F（是在 GrAphWin() 函数创建的窗口中绘制图形）
  2.  T（p.55 “(传统上，图形程序员将点定位在窗口的左上角。”）
  3.  T（p.55 “图形窗口实际上是一些小点的集合，这些小点称为“像素”（“图像元素”的缩写）”）
  4.  F（p.57 “要创建一个类的新实例，我们使用一个特殊操作，称为“构造函数”，p.58 “这些方法有时被称为“取值方法”，因为它们允许我们从对象的实例变量访问信息。” p.76 “取值方法返回有关对象的实例变量的信息。”）
  5.  T（p.57 “这些值作为“实例变量”存储在对象内。”）
  6.  F（p.58 “。所有图形对象都有 move 方法。下面是规格说明：move(Dx,Dy)：让对象在 x 方向上移动 Dx 单位，在 y 方向上移动 Dy 单位。”）
  7.  T（p.59 “……两个变量引用同一个对象称为“别名”……”，p.76 “两个变量引用同一对象的情况称为别名。”）
  8.  F（p.59 “grAphiCs 库提供了更好的解决方案，所有图形对象都支持复制对象的 Clone 方法。”）
  9.  F（p.61 “……GrAphWin 构造函数允许一个可选参数指定窗口的标题。”）
  10.  F（p.67 “如果在 GrAphWin 上调用 getMouse，程序将暂停，并等待用户在图形窗口中某处单击鼠标。”，p.71 “getMouse() 暂停等待用户在窗口中单击鼠标，并用 Point 对象返回鼠标单击的位置。”）

多项选择
1、返回对象的实例变量的值的方法称为____。
A. 设值方法
B. 函数
C. 构造方法
D. 取值方法

2、改变对象状态的方法称为____。
A. 状态方法
B. 设值方法
C. 构造方法
D. 变更方法

3、____图形类最适合绘制一个正方形。
A. Square
B. Polygon
C. Line
D. Rectangle

4、____命令会将 win 的坐标设置变为左下角是（0,0），右上角是（10,10）。
A. win.setCoords(Point(0,0), Point(10,10))
B. win.setCoords((0,0), (10,10))
C. win.setCoords(0, 0, 10, 10)
D. win.setCoords(Point(10,10), Point(0,0))

5、表达式____将创建从（2,3）到（4,5）的线段。
A. Line(2, 3, 4, 5)
B. Line((2,3), (4,5))
C. Line(2, 4, 3, 5)
D. Line(Point(2,3), Point(4,5))

6、命令____可以将图形对象 shApe 绘制到图形窗口 win 中。
A. win.draw(shape)
B. win.show(shape)
C. shape.draw()
D. shape.draw(win)

7、表达式____计算点 p1 和 p2 之间的水平距离。
A. abs(p1-p2)
B. p2.getX() - p1.getX()
C. abs(p1.getY() - p2.getY())
D. abs(p1.getX() - p2.getX())

8、对象____可以用来在图形窗口中获取文本输入。
A. Text
B. Entry
C. Input
D. Keyboard

9、围绕视觉元素和用户动作组织的用户界面被称为____。
A. GUI
B. Application
C. windower
D. API

10、Color_rgb(0,255,255) 是____。
A. 黄色
B. 青色
C. 品红色
D. 橙色

解答

  1.  D
  2.  B
  3.  D
  4.  C
  5.  D
  6.  D
  7.  D
  8.  B
  9.  A
  10.  B

讨论

  1. 选择一个有趣的现实世界对象的例子，通过列出它的数据（属性，它“知道什么”）及方法（行为，它可以“做什么”），将它描述为一个编程对象。

解答

  1. 冰箱
  2. 数据：容积
  3. 方法：开门()、放入()、关门()
  4. 要往冰箱里放入大象：
  5. 冰箱.开门()
  6. 冰箱.放入(大象)
  7. 冰箱.关门()

2、用你自己的话描述 graphics 模块的下列操作产生的每个对象，尽可能精确。务必描述各种对象的大小、位置和外观等。如果需要，可以画草图。

  1.  a. Point(130,130)
  2.  
  3.  b. c = Circle(Point(30,40),25)
  4.     c.setFill("blue")
  5.     c.setOutline("red")
  6.  
  7.  c. r = Rectangle(Point(20,20), Point(40,40))
  8.     r.setFill(color_rgb(0,255,150))
  9.     r.setWidth(3)
  10.  
  11.  d. l = Line(Point(100,100), Point(100,200))
  12.     l.setOutline("red4")
  13.     l.setArrow("first")
  14.  
  15.  e. Oval(Point(50,50), Point(60,100))
  16.  
  17.  f. shape = Polygon(Point(5,5), Point(10,10), Point(5,10), Point(10,5))
  18.     shape.setFill("orange")
  19.  
  20.  g. t = Text(Point(100,100), "Hello World!")
  21.     t.setFace("courier")
  22.     t.setSize(16)
  23.     t.setStyle("italic")

解答

  1. a. 一个坐标为 (130,130) 的点
  2. b. 一个圆心为 (30,40)、半径为 25 像素的红色轮廓的蓝色圆圈
  3. c. 一个边长为 20 像素、中心点为 (30,30)、有 3 像素宽的黑色轮廓的蓝绿色正方形
  4. d. 一条底部位于点 (100,200)、长度为 100 像素的暗红色线，其；上端有一个向上指的箭头
  5. e. 一个宽度为 10、高度为 50、中心为 (55,75) 的未填充的 “竖立的” 椭圆形
  6. f. 一个以点 (7.5,7.5) 为中心、黑色轮廓的橙色沙漏
  7. g. 一个以 (100,100) 为中心、以 16 点式斜体字形显示的 “Hello World!” 文本

3、描述以下交互式图形程序运行时会发生什么：

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  
  3.  def main():
  4.      win = GraphWin()
  5.      shape = Circle(Point(50,50), 20)
  6.      shape.setOutline("red")
  7.      shape.setFill("red")
  8.      shape.draw(win)
  9.      for i in range(10):
  10.          p = win.getMouse()
  11.          c = shape.getCenter()
  12.          dx = p.getX() - c.getX()
  13.          dy = p.getY() - c.getY()
  14.          shape.move(dx,dy)
  15.      win.close()
  16.  main()

解答

  1. 程序在默认图形窗口中绘制一个圆心在 (50,50)、半径为 20 像素的红色圆圈，然后等待用户单击鼠标 10 次。每次用户点击时，圆圈都会移动到点击的点（以其为圆心）。点击 10 次后，窗口消失。

编程练习

1、修改上一个讨论问题的程序，做到：
　　a．使它绘制正方形而不是圆。
　　b．每次连续点击在屏幕上绘制一个额外的方块（而不是移动已有的方块）。

解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  
  3.  def main():
  4.      win = GraphWin()
  5.      shape = Rectangle(Point(30,30), Point(70,70))
  6.      shape.setOutline("red")
  7.      shape.setFill("red")
  8.      shape.draw(win)
  9.      for _ in range(10):
  10.          p = win.getMouse()
  11.          c = shape.getCenter()
  12.          dx = p.getX() - c.getX()
  13.          dy = p.getY() - c.getY()
  14.          shape = shape.clone()
  15.          shape.move(dx,dy)
  16.          shape.draw(win)
  17.      win.close()
  18.  
  19.  main()

2、箭靶的中心圆为黄色，围绕着红色、蓝色、黑色和白色的同心环。每个环具有相同
的宽度，与黄色圆的半径相同。编写一个绘制这种箭靶的程序。（提示：稍后绘制的对象将
出现在先前绘制的对象的上面。）

解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  
  3.  def main():
  4.      win = GraphWin("Archery Target", 360, 360)
  5.      win.setCoords(-6, -6, 6, 6)
  6.      win.setBackground("gray")
  7.      center = Point(0,0)
  8.  
  9.      c1 = Circle(center, 5)
  10.      c1.setFill("white")
  11.      c1.draw(win)
  12.  
  13.      c2 = Circle(center, 4)
  14.      c2.setFill("black")
  15.      c2.draw(win)
  16.  
  17.      c3 = Circle(center, 3)
  18.      c3.setFill("blue")
  19.      c3.draw(win)
  20.  
  21.      c4 = Circle(center, 2)
  22.      c4.setFill("red")
  23.      c4.draw(win)
  24.  
  25.      c5 = Circle(center, 1)
  26.      c5.setFill("yellow")
  27.      c5.draw(win)
  28.  
  29.      win.getMouse()
  30.      win.close()
  31.  
  32.  main()

  1. 编写一个绘制某种面孔的程序。

解答

  1.  # Author: Cody Leistikow (10/4/02)
  2.  
  3.  from graphics import *
  4.  
  5.  def main():
  6.      win=GraphWin('Face',400,420)
  7.      win.setBackground("white")
  8.      neck = Polygon(Point(177,352),Point(176,371),Point(162,398),Point(170,400),Point(185,391),Point(231,373),Point(260,368),Point(287,357),Point(312,333),Point(235,311))
  9.      neck.setFill(color_rgb(239,222,215))
  10.      head = Polygon(Point(136,228),Point(107,260),Point(110,279),Point(129,302),Point(140,321),Point(175,350),Point(193,348),Point(234,312),Point(238,296),Point(255,291),Point(272,266),Point(271,240),Point(264,226),Point(253,224),Point(239,239),Point(243,193))
  11.      head.setFill(color_rgb(239,222,215))
  12.      headdark1 = Polygon(Point(184,212),Point(190,217),Point(194,261),Point(173,286),Point(198,284),Point(204,310),Point(203,321),Point(200,333),Point(192,346),Point(202,352),Point(206,351),Point(206,372),Point(225,339),Point(218,377),Point(236,371),Point(252,344),Point(258,342),Point(257,369),Point(286,358),Point(294,339),Point(300,343),Point(312,334),Point(295,319),Point(282,313),Point(276,292),Point(258,289),Point(242,296),Point(236,291),Point(240,284),Point(242,278),Point(247,278),Point(249,268),Point(240,265),Point(242,258),Point(234,261),Point(258,185))
  13.      headdark1.setFill(color_rgb(226,179,154))
  14.      headdark2 = Polygon(Point(133,231),Point(123,241),Point(112,273),Point(117,275),Point(148,227))
  15.      headdark2.setFill(color_rgb(226,179,154))
  16.      headdark3 = Polygon(Point(177,218),Point(161,279),Point(168,221))
  17.      headdark3.setFill(color_rgb(226,179,154))
  18.      neckline1 = Line(Point(182,365),Point(185,390))
  19.      neckline2 = Line(Point(199,385),Point(219,350))
  20.      neckline3 = Line(Point(219,350),Point(230,324))
  21.      neckline4 = Line(Point(225,374),Point(235,340))
  22.      neckline5 = Line(Point(282,313),Point(288,334))
  23.      throat = Polygon(Point(189,366),Point(192,381),Point(186,373))
  24.      throat.setFill(color_rgb(117,110,105))
  25.      headline1 = Line(Point(193,349),Point(212,334))
  26.      headline2 = Line(Point(212,334),Point(234,312))
  27.      headline3 = Line(Point(234,312),Point(241,294))
  28.      headline4 = Line(Point(135,279),Point(140,292))
  29.      headline5 = Line(Point(149,279),Point(154,289))
  30.      innerear = Polygon(Point(263,249),Point(262,240),Point(257,234),Point(241,259),Point(242,267),Point(248,269),Point(249,277),Point(242,279),Point(241,283),Point(260,271),Point(263,265),Point(253,260),Point(254,251))
  31.      innerear.setFill(color_rgb(201,153,145))
  32.      earline1 = Line(Point(247,249),Point(258,249))
  33.      earline2 = Line(Point(248,268),Point(255,264))
  34.      earline3 = Line(Point(241,261),Point(255,261))
  35.      earline4 = Line(Point(255,261),Point(257,272))
  36.      earline5 = Line(Point(257,272),Point(265,264))
  37.      chin = Polygon(Point(161,326),Point(176,327),Point(179,330),Point(165,330))
  38.      chin.setFill(color_rgb(215,178,182))
  39.      mouthline1 = Line(Point(154,320),Point(158,322))
  40.      mouthline2 = Line(Point(158,322),Point(171,318))
  41.      mouthline3 = Line(Point(171,318),Point(179,318))
  42.      noseline1 = Line(Point(146,303),Point(146,311))
  43.      noseline2 = Line(Point(146,311),Point(141,319))
  44.      noseline3 = Line(Point(141,319),Point(156,312))
  45.      lefteye = Polygon(Point(120,282),Point(140,293),Point(128,293))
  46.      lefteye.setFill(color_rgb(255,255,255))
  47.      righteye = Polygon(Point(163,286),Point(166,289),Point(197,277),Point(199,264))
  48.      righteye.setFill(color_rgb(255,255,255))
  49.      leftiris = Polygon(Point(128,287),Point(131,291),Point(137,290))
  50.      leftiris.setFill(color_rgb(100,150,131))
  51.      rightiris = Polygon(Point(168,282),Point(172,284),Point(179,275))
  52.      rightiris.setFill(color_rgb(100,150,131))
  53.      lefteyebrow = Polygon(Point(111,272),Point(140,290),Point(140,292),Point(111,276))
  54.      lefteyebrow.setFill(color_rgb(247,218,116))
  55.      righteyebrow = Polygon(Point(156,288),Point(209,251),Point(212,258),Point(157,288))
  56.      righteyebrow.setFill(color_rgb(247,218,116))
  57.      hairbg = Polygon(Point(49,110),Point(74,155),Point(89,103),Point(117,43),Point(127,96),Point(144,65),Point(198,21),Point(180,70),Point(230,32),Point(276,13),Point(241,77),Point(335,34),Point(310,74),Point(323,71),Point(331,65),Point(332,68),Point(363,45),Point(340,136),Point(356,125),Point(350,144),Point(381,124),Point(337,222),Point(309,240),Point(359,249),Point(294,276),Point(334,286),Point(275,297),Point(258,287),Point(272,264),Point(268,233),Point(264,225),Point(252,225),Point(239,238),Point(226,230),Point(228,219),Point(197,260),Point(210,221),Point(210,205),Point(175,217),Point(166,248),Point(142,294),Point(162,221),Point(136,230),Point(106,261),Point(110,277),Point(114,289),Point(116,317),Point(93,288),Point(94,278),Point(75,318),Point(76,274),Point(62,273),Point(69,247),Point(18,253),Point(67,215),Point(53,191))
  58.      hairbg.setFill(color_rgb(247,218,116))
  59.      hairdark1 = Polygon(Point(50,114),Point(74,156),Point(71,177))
  60.      hairdark1.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  61.      hairdark2 = Polygon(Point(47,243),Point(93,225),Point(89,239))
  62.      hairdark2.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  63.      hairdark3 = Polygon(Point(128,214),Point(94,256),Point(75,317),Point(99,270))
  64.      hairdark3.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  65.      hairdark4 = Polygon(Point(105,266),Point(116,313),Point(114,283))
  66.      hairdark4.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  67.      hairdark5 = Polygon(Point(119,45),Point(107,106),Point(112,170),Point(124,203),Point(129,200),Point(130,164),Point(121,139),Point(125,91),Point(117,43))
  68.      hairdark5.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  69.      hairdark6 = Polygon(Point(173,126),Point(145,193),Point(157,201),Point(157,216),Point(169,204),Point(186,176),Point(201,161),Point(213,122),Point(223,79),Point(234,55),Point(204,109),Point(160,186),Point(155,187),Point(179,117))
  70.      hairdark6.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  71.      hairdark7 = Polygon(Point(176,217),Point(253,115),Point(225,194),Point(212,192),Point(203,207))
  72.      hairdark7.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  73.      hairdark8 = Polygon(Point(222,86),Point(272,19),Point(240,77))
  74.      hairdark8.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  75.      hairdark9 = Polygon(Point(217,111),Point(284,65),Point(209,138))
  76.      hairdark9.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  77.      hairdark10 = Polygon(Point(217,192),Point(219,230),Point(230,216),Point(224,193))
  78.      hairdark10.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  79.      hairdark11 = Polygon(Point(216,109),Point(252,84),Point(283,66),Point(208,141))
  80.      hairdark11.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  81.      hairdark12 = Polygon(Point(238,161),Point(274,140),Point(228,185))
  82.      hairdark12.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  83.      hairdark13 = Polygon(Point(248,144),Point(298,73),Point(335,33),Point(307,77),Point(303,97))
  84.      hairdark13.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  85.      hairdark14 = Polygon(Point(249,205),Point(300,142),Point(331,67),Point(321,152))
  86.      hairdark14.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  87.      hairdark15 = Polygon(Point(321,152),Point(324,137),Point(357,65),Point(340,135))
  88.      hairdark15.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  89.      hairdark16 = Polygon(Point(142,138),Point(160,77),Point(180,48),Point(166,87),Point(166,114))
  90.      hairdark16.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  91.      hairdark17 = Polygon(Point(226,198),Point(252,183),Point(242,203),Point(246,216),Point(301,184),Point(282,219),Point(331,174),Point(349,144),Point(322,210),Point(358,174),Point(338,221),Point(308,240),Point(294,239),Point(283,256),Point(357,250),Point(276,282),Point(331,286),Point(276,296),Point(258,287),Point(273,265),Point(270,239),Point(265,224),Point(254,224),Point(240,238),Point(227,231),Point(228,220),Point(227,207))
  92.      hairdark17.setFill(color_rgb(235,161,56))
  93.      hairline1 = Line(Point(72,176),Point(84,206))
  94.      hairline2 = Line(Point(68,215),Point(84,206))
  95.      hairline3 = Line(Point(84,206),Point(109,208))
  96.      hairline4 = Line(Point(70,246),Point(86,246))
  97.      hairline5 = Line(Point(98,214),Point(77,276))
  98.      hairline6 = Line(Point(98,214),Point(146,194))
  99.      hairline7 = Line(Point(128,196),Point(133,147))
  100.      hairline8 = Line(Point(133,147),Point(207,72))
  101.      hairline9 = Line(Point(207,72),Point(235,53))
  102.      hairline10 = Line(Point(137,230),Point(158,215))
  103.      hairline11 = Line(Point(127,95),Point(141,140))
  104.      hairline12 = Line(Point(180,70),Point(174,104))
  105.      hairline13 = Line(Point(22,252),Point(94,225))
  106.      hairline14 = Line(Point(202,160),Point(254,113))
  107.      hairline15 = Line(Point(173,125),Point(210,79))
  108.      hairline16 = Line(Point(175,217),Point(171,205))
  109.      hairline17 = Line(Point(171,205),Point(165,208))
  110.      hairline18 = Line(Point(305,96),Point(332,64))
  111.      hairline19 = Line(Point(275,139),Point(315,94))
  112.      hairline20 = Line(Point(98,112),Point(91,174))
  113.      hairline21 = Line(Point(91,174),Point(99,208))
  114.      hairline22 = Line(Point(128,214),Point(156,201))
  115.      hairline23 = Line(Point(132,113),Point(163,50))
  116.      hairline24 = Line(Point(185,92),Point(240,32))
  117.      hairline25 = Line(Point(271,245),Point(295,233))
  118.      hairline26 = Line(Point(295,233),Point(322,209))
  119.      hairline27 = Line(Point(227,190),Point(286,139))
  120.      hairline28 = Line(Point(302,183),Point(326,164))
  121.  
  122.      neck.draw(win)
  123.      head.draw(win)
  124.      headdark1.draw(win)
  125.      headdark2.draw(win)
  126.      headdark3.draw(win)
  127.      headline1.draw(win)
  128.      headline2.draw(win)
  129.      headline3.draw(win)
  130.      headline4.draw(win)
  131.      headline5.draw(win)
  132.      neckline1.draw(win)
  133.      neckline2.draw(win)
  134.      neckline3.draw(win)
  135.      neckline4.draw(win)
  136.      neckline5.draw(win)
  137.      throat.draw(win)
  138.      innerear.draw(win)
  139.      earline1.draw(win)
  140.      earline2.draw(win)
  141.      earline3.draw(win)
  142.      earline4.draw(win)
  143.      earline5.draw(win)
  144.      chin.draw(win)
  145.      mouthline1.draw(win)
  146.      mouthline2.draw(win)
  147.      mouthline3.draw(win)
  148.      noseline1.draw(win)
  149.      noseline2.draw(win)
  150.      noseline3.draw(win)
  151.      lefteye.draw(win)
  152.      righteye.draw(win)
  153.      leftiris.draw(win)
  154.      rightiris.draw(win)
  155.      lefteyebrow.draw(win)
  156.      righteyebrow.draw(win)
  157.      hairbg.draw(win)
  158.      hairdark1.draw(win)
  159.      hairdark2.draw(win)
  160.      hairdark3.draw(win)
  161.      hairdark4.draw(win)
  162.      hairdark5.draw(win)
  163.      hairdark6.draw(win)
  164.      hairdark7.draw(win)
  165.      hairdark8.draw(win)
  166.      hairdark9.draw(win)
  167.      hairdark10.draw(win)
  168.      hairdark11.draw(win)
  169.      hairdark12.draw(win)
  170.      hairdark13.draw(win)
  171.      hairdark14.draw(win)
  172.      hairdark15.draw(win)
  173.      hairdark16.draw(win)
  174.      hairdark17.draw(win)
  175.      hairline1.draw(win)
  176.      hairline2.draw(win)
  177.      hairline3.draw(win)
  178.      hairline4.draw(win)
  179.      hairline5.draw(win)
  180.      hairline6.draw(win)
  181.      hairline7.draw(win)
  182.      hairline8.draw(win)
  183.      hairline9.draw(win)
  184.      hairline10.draw(win)
  185.      hairline11.draw(win)
  186.      hairline12.draw(win)
  187.      hairline13.draw(win)
  188.      hairline14.draw(win)
  189.      hairline15.draw(win)
  190.      hairline16.draw(win)
  191.      hairline17.draw(win)
  192.      hairline18.draw(win)
  193.      hairline19.draw(win)
  194.      hairline20.draw(win)
  195.      hairline21.draw(win)
  196.      hairline22.draw(win)
  197.      hairline23.draw(win)
  198.      hairline24.draw(win)
  199.      hairline25.draw(win)
  200.      hairline26.draw(win)
  201.      hairline27.draw(win)
  202.      hairline28.draw(win)
  203.      win.getMouse()
  204.  
  205.  main()

4、编写一个用圣诞树和雪人绘制冬季场景的程序。

解答

  1.  # By: Megan Neuendorf
  2.  
  3.  from graphics import *
  4.  
  5.  def main():
  6.      win=GraphWin("Winter Scene",500,500)
  7.      win.setCoords(0,0,200,200)
  8.      win.setBackground("blue")
  9.  
  10.      # Body of the snowman
  11.      c1 = Circle(Point(50,40),40)
  12.      c1.draw(win)
  13.      c1.setFill("white")
  14.      c1.setOutline("white")
  15.  
  16.      c2 = Circle(Point(50,100),30)
  17.      c2.draw(win)
  18.      c2.setFill("white")
  19.      c2.setOutline("white")
  20.  
  21.      c3 = Circle(Point(50,145),20)
  22.      c3.draw(win)
  23.      c3.setFill("white")
  24.      c3.setOutline("white")
  25.  
  26.      # Top Hat of Snowman
  27.      r1 = Rectangle(Point(30,160),Point(70,165))
  28.      r1.draw(win)
  29.      r1.setFill("black")
  30.  
  31.      r2 = Rectangle(Point(40,165),Point(60,185))
  32.      r2.draw(win)
  33.      r2.setFill("black")
  34.  
  35.      # Eyes of the Snowman
  36.      e1 = Circle(Point(42.5,150),2.5)
  37.      e1.draw(win)
  38.      e1.setFill("black")
  39.  
  40.      e2 = Circle(Point(57.5,150),2.5)
  41.      e2.draw(win)
  42.      e2.setFill("black")
  43.  
  44.      # Nose of the Snowman
  45.      n = Polygon(Point(50,142.5),Point(50,137.5),Point(57.5,140))
  46.      n.draw(win)
  47.      n.setOutline("orange")
  48.      n.setFill("orange")
  49.  
  50.      # Mouth of the Snowman
  51.      m1 = Circle(Point(40,135),1)
  52.      m1.draw(win)
  53.      m1.setFill("black")
  54.  
  55.      m2 = Circle(Point(45,130),1)
  56.      m2.draw(win)
  57.      m2.setFill("black")
  58.  
  59.      m3 = Circle(Point(50,127.5),1)
  60.      m3.draw(win)
  61.      m3.setFill("black")
  62.  
  63.      m4 = Circle(Point(55,130),1)
  64.      m4.draw(win)
  65.      m4.setFill("black")
  66.  
  67.      m5 = Circle(Point(60,135),1)
  68.      m5.draw(win)
  69.      m5.setFill("black")
  70.  
  71.      # Buttons on the Snowman
  72.      b1 = Circle(Point(50,115),3)
  73.      b1.draw(win)
  74.      b1.setFill("black")
  75.  
  76.      b2 = Circle(Point(50,105),3)
  77.      b2.draw(win)
  78.      b2.setFill("black")
  79.  
  80.      b3 = Circle(Point(50,95),3)
  81.      b3.draw(win)
  82.      b3.setFill("black")
  83.  
  84.      # Christmas Tree
  85.      rect1 = Rectangle(Point(140,0),Point(160,25))
  86.      rect1.draw(win)
  87.      rect1.setOutline("brown")
  88.      rect1.setFill("brown")
  89.  
  90.      t1 = Polygon(Point(100,25),Point(200,25),Point(150,65))
  91.      t1.draw(win)
  92.      t1.setOutline("forest green")
  93.      t1.setFill("forest green")
  94.  
  95.      t2 = Polygon(Point(110,60),Point(190,60),Point(150,100))
  96.      t2.draw(win)
  97.      t2.setOutline("forest green")
  98.      t2.setFill("forest green")
  99.  
  100.      t3 = Polygon(Point(120,90),Point(180,90),Point(150,120))
  101.      t3.draw(win)
  102.      t3.setOutline("forest green")
  103.      t3.setFill("forest green")
  104.  
  105.      t4 = Polygon(Point(130,115),Point(170,115),Point(150,135))
  106.      t4.draw(win)
  107.      t4.setOutline("forest green")
  108.      t4.setFill("forest green")
  109.  
  110.      t5 = Polygon(Point(135,132.5),Point(165,132.5),Point(150,155))
  111.      t5.draw(win)
  112.      t5.setOutline("forest green")
  113.      t5.setFill("forest green")
  114.  
  115.      # Star on the Christmas Tree
  116.      n = Polygon(Point(150,152.5),Point(147.5,160),Point(140,162.5),Point(147.5,165),Point(150,172.5),Point(152.5,165),Point(160,162.5),Point(152.5,160))
  117.      n.draw(win)
  118.      n.setOutline("gold")
  119.      n.setFill("gold")
  120.  
  121.      # Circular Ornaments on Christmas Tree
  122.      o1 = Circle(Point(150,142.5),2.5)
  123.      o1.draw(win)
  124.      o1.setOutline("red")
  125.      o1.setFill("gold")
  126.  
  127.      o2 = Circle(Point(135,115),2.5)
  128.      o2.draw(win)
  129.      o2.setOutline("red")
  130.      o2.setFill("gold")
  131.  
  132.      o3 = Circle(Point(165,115),2.5)
  133.      o3.draw(win)
  134.      o3.setOutline("red")
  135.      o3.setFill("gold")
  136.  
  137.      o4 = Circle(Point(150,95),2.5)
  138.      o4.draw(win)
  139.      o4.setOutline("red")
  140.      o4.setFill("gold")
  141.  
  142.      o5 = Circle(Point(135,75),2.5)
  143.      o5.draw(win)
  144.      o5.setOutline("red")
  145.      o5.setFill("gold")
  146.  
  147.      o6 = Circle(Point(165,75),2.5)
  148.      o6.draw(win)
  149.      o6.setOutline("red")
  150.      o6.setFill("gold")
  151.  
  152.      o7 = Circle(Point(115,60),2.5)
  153.      o7.draw(win)
  154.      o7.setOutline("red")
  155.      o7.setFill("gold")
  156.  
  157.      o8 = Circle(Point(185,60),2.5)
  158.      o8.draw(win)
  159.      o8.setOutline("red")
  160.      o8.setFill("gold")
  161.  
  162.      o9 = Circle(Point(150,30),2.5)
  163.      o9.draw(win)
  164.      o9.setOutline("red")
  165.      o9.setFill("gold")
  166.  
  167.      # Diamond Ornaments on Christmas Tree
  168.      d1 = Polygon(Point(140,135),Point(142.5,132.5),Point(140,130),Point(137.5,132.5))
  169.      d1.draw(win)
  170.      d1.setOutline("gold")
  171.      d1.setFill("red")
  172.  
  173.      d2 = Polygon(Point(160,135),Point(162.5,132.5),Point(160,130),Point(157.5,132.5))
  174.      d2.draw(win)
  175.      d2.setOutline("gold")
  176.      d2.setFill("red")
  177.  
  178.      d3 = Polygon(Point(150,122.5),Point(152.5,120),Point(150,117.5),Point(147.5,120))
  179.      d3.draw(win)
  180.      d3.setOutline("gold")
  181.      d3.setFill("red")
  182.  
  183.      d4 = Polygon(Point(125,92.5),Point(127.5,90),Point(125,87.5),Point(122.5,90))
  184.      d4.draw(win)
  185.      d4.setOutline("gold")
  186.      d4.setFill("red")
  187.  
  188.      d5 = Polygon(Point(175,92.5),Point(177.5,90),Point(175,87.5),Point(172.5,90))
  189.      d5.draw(win)
  190.      d5.setOutline("gold")
  191.      d5.setFill("red")
  192.  
  193.      d6 = Polygon(Point(150,67.5),Point(152.5,65),Point(150,62.5),Point(147.5,65))
  194.      d6.draw(win)
  195.      d6.setOutline("gold")
  196.      d6.setFill("red")
  197.  
  198.      d7 = Polygon(Point(130,47.5),Point(132.5,45),Point(130,42.5),Point(127.5,45))
  199.      d7.draw(win)
  200.      d7.setOutline("gold")
  201.      d7.setFill("red")
  202.  
  203.      d8 = Polygon(Point(170,47.5),Point(172.5,45),Point(170,42.5),Point(167.5,45))
  204.      d8.draw(win)
  205.      d8.setOutline("gold")
  206.      d8.setFill("red")
  207.  
  208.      d9 = Polygon(Point(105,27.5),Point(107.5,25),Point(105,22.5),Point(102.5,25))
  209.      d9.draw(win)
  210.      d9.setOutline("gold")
  211.      d9.setFill("red")
  212.  
  213.      d10 = Polygon(Point(195,27.5),Point(197.5,25),Point(195,22.5),Point(192.5,25))
  214.      d10.draw(win)
  215.      d10.setOutline("gold")
  216.      d10.setFill("red")
  217.  
  218.      win.getMouse()
  219.      win.close()
  220.  
  221.  main()

5、编写一个程序，在屏幕上绘制5 个骰子，是一把顺子（1,2,3,4,5 或2,3,4,5,6）。

解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  
  3.  def main():
  4.      win = GraphWin("Dice", width=800, height=400)
  5.      win.setCoords(-10, -5, 10, 5)
  6.  
  7.      d1 = Rectangle(Point(-9, -1), Point(-7, 1))
  8.      d1.draw(win)
  9.      c = Circle(Point(-8, 0), 0.3)
  10.      c.setFill("red")
  11.      c.setOutline("white")
  12.      c.draw(win)
  13.  
  14.      d2 = d1.clone()
  15.      d2.move(4, 0)
  16.      d2.draw(win)
  17.      c = Circle(Point(-4.3, 0.3), 0.25)
  18.      c.setFill("blue")
  19.      c.setOutline("white")
  20.      c.draw(win)
  21.      c = c.clone()
  22.      c.move(0.6, -0.6)
  23.      c.draw(win)
  24.  
  25.      d3 = d2.clone()
  26.      d3.move(4, 0)
  27.      d3.draw(win)
  28.  
  29.      c = Circle(Point(-0.5, 0.5), 0.25)
  30.      c.setFill("blue")
  31.      c.setOutline("white")
  32.      c.draw(win)
  33.      c = c.clone()
  34.      c.move(0.5, -0.5)
  35.      c.draw(win)
  36.      c = c.clone()
  37.      c.move(0.5, -0.5)
  38.      c.draw(win)
  39.  
  40.      d4 = d3.clone()
  41.      d4.move(4, 0)
  42.      d4.draw(win)
  43.      c = Circle(Point(3.6, 0.4), 0.25)
  44.      c.setFill("red")
  45.      c.setOutline("white")
  46.      c.draw(win)
  47.      c = c.clone()
  48.      c.move(0.8, 0)
  49.      c.draw(win)
  50.      c = c.clone()
  51.      c.move(0, -0.8)
  52.      c.draw(win)
  53.      c = c.clone()
  54.      c.move(-0.8, 0)
  55.      c.draw(win)
  56.  
  57.      d5 = d4.clone()
  58.      d5.move(4, 0)
  59.      d5.draw(win)
  60.      c = Circle(Point(7.5, 0.5), 0.25)
  61.      c.setFill("blue")
  62.      c.setOutline("white")
  63.      c.draw(win)
  64.      c = c.clone()
  65.      c.move(1, 0)
  66.      c.draw(win)
  67.      c = c.clone()
  68.      c.move(0, -1)
  69.      c.draw(win)
  70.      c = c.clone()
  71.      c.move(-1, 0)
  72.      c.draw(win)
  73.      c = c.clone()
  74.      c.move(0.5, 0.5)
  75.      c.draw(win)
  76.  
  77.      win.getMouse()
  78.      win.close()
  79.  
  80.  main()

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  
  3.  def main():
  4.      win = GraphWin("Dice", width=800, height=400)
  5.      win.setCoords(-10, -5, 10, 5)
  6.  
  7.      d2 = Rectangle(Point(-9, -1), Point(-7, 1))
  8.      d2.draw(win)
  9.      c = Circle(Point(-8.3, 0.3), 0.25)
  10.      c.setFill("blue")
  11.      c.setOutline(color_rgb(240, 240, 240))
  12.      c.draw(win)
  13.      c = c.clone()
  14.      c.move(0.6, -0.6)
  15.      c.draw(win)
  16.  
  17.      d3 = d2.clone()
  18.      d3.move(4, 0)
  19.      d3.draw(win)
  20.      c = Circle(Point(-4.5, 0.5), 0.25)
  21.      c.setFill("blue")
  22.      c.setOutline(color_rgb(240, 240, 240))
  23.      c.draw(win)
  24.      c = c.clone()
  25.      c.move(0.5, -0.5)
  26.      c.draw(win)
  27.      c = c.clone()
  28.      c.move(0.5, -0.5)
  29.      c.draw(win)
  30.  
  31.      d4 = d3.clone()
  32.      d4.move(4, 0)
  33.      d4.draw(win)
  34.      c = Circle(Point(-0.4, 0.4), 0.25)
  35.      c.setFill("red")
  36.      c.setOutline(color_rgb(240, 240, 240))
  37.      c.draw(win)
  38.      c = c.clone()
  39.      c.move(0.8, 0)
  40.      c.draw(win)
  41.      c = c.clone()
  42.      c.move(0, -0.8)
  43.      c.draw(win)
  44.      c = c.clone()
  45.      c.move(-0.8, 0)
  46.      c.draw(win)
  47.  
  48.      d5 = d4.clone()
  49.      d5.move(4, 0)
  50.      d5.draw(win)
  51.      c = Circle(Point(3.5, 0.5), 0.25)
  52.      c.setFill("blue")
  53.      c.setOutline(color_rgb(240, 240, 240))
  54.      c.draw(win)
  55.      c = c.clone()
  56.      c.move(1, 0)
  57.      c.draw(win)
  58.      c = c.clone()
  59.      c.move(0, -1)
  60.      c.draw(win)
  61.      c = c.clone()
  62.      c.move(-1, 0)
  63.      c.draw(win)
  64.      c = c.clone()
  65.      c.move(0.5, 0.5)
  66.      c.draw(win)
  67.  
  68.      d6 = d5.clone()
  69.      d6.move(4, 0)
  70.      d6.draw(win)
  71.      c = Circle(Point(7.6, 0.6), 0.25)
  72.      c.setFill("blue")
  73.      c.setOutline(color_rgb(240, 240, 240))
  74.      c.draw(win)
  75.      c = c.clone()
  76.      c.move(0.8, 0)
  77.      c.draw(win)
  78.      c = c.clone()
  79.      c.move(0, -0.6)
  80.      c.draw(win)
  81.      c = c.clone()
  82.      c.move(-0.8, 0)
  83.      c.draw(win)
  84.      c = c.clone()
  85.      c.move(0, -0.6)
  86.      c.draw(win)
  87.      c = c.clone()
  88.      c.move(0.8, 0)
  89.      c.draw(win)
  90.  
  91.      win.getMouse()
  92.      win.close()
  93.  
  94.  main()

6、修改图形终值程序，让输入（本金和APR）也用Entry 对象以图形方式完成。

解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  
  3.  def main():
  4.      win = GraphWin("Investment Growth Chart", 640, 480)
  5.      win.setBackground("white")
  6.      # Set coordinates for easy display of prompts.
  7.      win.setCoords(0,0,10,10)
  8.  
  9.      # Display prompts
  10.      t1 = Text(Point(5,8), "Plotting a 10 year investment")
  11.      t1.setSize(14)
  12.      t1.draw(win)
  13.  
  14.      t2 = Text(Point(5,7.5), "Enter the information below and then click anywhere")
  15.      t2.setSize(14)
  16.      t2.draw(win)
  17.  
  18.      t3 = Text(Point(2,6), "Initial Principal:")
  19.      t3.setSize(14)
  20.      t3.draw(win)
  21.  
  22.      prinBox = Entry(Point(4.5,6), 6)
  23.      prinBox.draw(win)
  24.      prinBox.setText("")
  25.  
  26.      t4 = Text(Point(2,4), "Annual Interest Rate:")
  27.      t4.setSize(14)
  28.      t4.draw(win)
  29.  
  30.      aprBox = Entry(Point(4.5,4), 6)
  31.      aprBox.setText("0.05")
  32.      aprBox.draw(win)
  33.  
  34.      # wait for mouse click and get values
  35.      win.getMouse()
  36.      principal = float(prinBox.getText())
  37.      apr = float(aprBox.getText())
  38.  
  39.      # Erase the prompts
  40.      t1.undraw()
  41.      t2.undraw()
  42.      t3.undraw()
  43.      t4.undraw()
  44.      prinBox.undraw()
  45.      aprBox.undraw()
  46.  
  47.      # Set Window coords for drawing the graph.
  48.      win.setCoords(-1.75,-200, 11.5, 10400)
  49.  
  50.      # Create a graphics window with labels on left edge
  51.      Text(Point(-1, 0), ' 0.0K').draw(win)
  52.      Text(Point(-1, 2500), ' 2.5K').draw(win)
  53.      Text(Point(-1, 5000), ' 5.0K').draw(win)
  54.      Text(Point(-1, 7500), ' 7.5k').draw(win)
  55.      Text(Point(-1, 10000), '10.0K').draw(win)
  56.  
  57.      # Draw bar for initial principal
  58.      bar = Rectangle(Point(0, 0), Point(1, principal))
  59.      bar.setFill("green")
  60.      bar.setWidth(2)
  61.      bar.draw(win)
  62.  
  63.      # Draw a bar for each subsequent year
  64.      for year in range(1, 11):
  65.          principal = principal * (1 + apr)
  66.          bar = Rectangle(Point(year, 0), Point(year+1, principal))
  67.          bar.setFill("green")
  68.          bar.setWidth(2)
  69.          bar.draw(win)
  70.  
  71.      win.getMouse()
  72.      win.close()
  73.  
  74.  main()

7、圆的交点。
编写一个计算圆与水平线的交点的程序，并以文本和图形方式显示信息。
输入：圆的半径和线的y 截距。
输出：在坐标为从（−10，−10）到（10,10）的窗口中，以(0, 0)为中心,以给定半径绘制
的圆。
用给定的y 轴截取一根水平线穿过窗口。
以红色绘制两个交点。
打印出交叉点的x 值。
公式：

解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  import math
  3.  
  4.  def main():
  5.      radius = float(input("Please enter the radius of the circle: "))
  6.      yinter = float(input("Please enter the y-intercept of the line: "))
  7.  
  8.      win = GraphWin("Circle Intersection")
  9.      win.setCoords(-10, -10, 10, 10)
  10.  
  11.      Circle(Point(0, 0), radius).draw(win)
  12.      Line(Point(-10, yinter), Point(10, yinter)).draw(win)
  13.  
  14.      x = math.sqrt(radius * radius - yinter * yinter)
  15.      print("X values of intersection", -x, x)
  16.  
  17.      p1 = Circle(Point(x, yinter), 0.25)
  18.      p1.setOutline("red")
  19.      p1.setFill("red")
  20.      p1.draw(win)
  21.  
  22.      p2 = p1.clone()
  23.      p2.move(-2 * x, 0)
  24.      p2.draw(win)
  25.  
  26.      win.getMouse()
  27.      win.close()
  28.  
  29.  main()
  30.  
  31.  # Output:
  32.  # Please enter the radius of the circle: 5
  33.  # Please enter the y-intercept of the line: 3
  34.  # X values of intersection -4.0 4.0

8、线段信息。
该程序允许用户绘制线段，然后显示关于线段的一些图形和文本信息。
输入：两次鼠标点击线段的终点。
输出：以青色绘制线段的中点。
绘制线段。
打印线的长度和斜率。
公式：

解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  import math
  3.  
  4.  def main():
  5.      win = GraphWin("Triangle", 400, 400)
  6.      win.setCoords(-5, -5, 5, 5)
  7.  
  8.      draw_coord(win)    # 这个函数定义见文章末尾
  9.  
  10.      pt1 = win.getMouse()
  11.      pt1.draw(win)
  12.      pt2 = win.getMouse()
  13.      pt2.draw(win)
  14.      line = Line(pt1, pt2)
  15.      line.draw(win)
  16.      mark = Circle(line.getCenter(),0.075)
  17.      mark.setFill("cyan")
  18.      mark.draw(win)
  19.  
  20.      dx = pt2.getX() - pt1.getX()
  21.      dy = pt2.getY() - pt1.getY()
  22.      slope = dy / dx
  23.      length = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
  24.  
  25.      message = Text(Point(0, -4), "Point1：({}, {})\nPoint2：({}, {})\n长度：{}\n斜率：{}".format(pt1.getX(), pt1.getY(), pt2.getX(), pt2.getY(), length, slope))
  26.      message.setSize(8)
  27.      message.setTextColor(color_rgb(144, 144, 144))
  28.      message.draw(win)
  29.  
  30.      win.getMouse()
  31.      win.close()
  32.  
  33.  main()

9、矩形信息。

此程序显示有关用户绘制的矩形的信息。
输入：两次鼠标点击作为矩形的对角。
输出：绘制矩形。
打印矩形的周长和面积。
公式：面积=（长度）（宽度）
周长= 2（长度+宽度）

解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  
  3.  def main():
  4.      win = GraphWin("Rectangle", 400, 400)
  5.      win.setCoords(-5, -5, 5, 5)
  6.  
  7.      draw_coord(win)
  8.  
  9.      pt1 = win.getMouse()
  10.      pt2 = win.getMouse()
  11.      rect = Rectangle(pt1, pt2)
  12.      rect.draw(win)
  13.  
  14.      height = abs(pt2.getY() - pt1.getY())
  15.      length = abs(pt2.getX() - pt1.getX())
  16.  
  17.      area = height * length
  18.      perimeter = 2 * (height + length)
  19.  
  20.      message = Text(Point(0, -4), "Point1：({}, {})\nPoint2：({}, {})\n面积：{}\n周长：{}".format(pt1.getX(), pt1.getY(), pt2.getX(), pt2.getY(), area, perimeter))
  21.      message.setSize(8)
  22.      message.setTextColor(color_rgb(144, 144, 144))
  23.      message.draw(win)
  24.  
  25.      win.getMouse()
  26.      win.close()
  27.  
  28.  main()

10、三角形信息。
与上一个问题相同，但三角形的顶点有三次点击。
公式：关于周长，可参阅线段问题中的长度。

解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  import math
  3.  
  4.  def main():
  5.      win = GraphWin("Triangle", 400, 400)
  6.      win.setCoords(-5, -5, 5, 5)
  7.  
  8.      draw_coord(win)
  9.  
  10.      pt1 = win.getMouse()
  11.      pt1.draw(win)
  12.      pt2 = win.getMouse()
  13.      pt1.undraw()
  14.      line = Line(pt1, pt2)
  15.      line.draw(win)
  16.      pt3 = win.getMouse()
  17.      line.undraw()
  18.      tri = Polygon(pt1, pt2, pt3)
  19.      tri.draw(win)
  20.  
  21.      dx1 = pt1.getX() - pt2.getX()
  22.      dy1 = pt1.getY() - pt2.getY()
  23.      dx2 = pt2.getX() - pt3.getX()
  24.      dy2 = pt2.getY() - pt3.getY()
  25.      dx3 = pt3.getX() - pt1.getX()
  26.      dy3 = pt3.getY() - pt1.getY()
  27.  
  28.      a = math.sqrt(dx1 * dx1 + dy1 * dy1)
  29.      b = math.sqrt(dx2 * dx2 + dy2 * dy2)
  30.      c = math.sqrt(dx3 * dx3 + dy3 * dy3)
  31.  
  32.      perimeter = a + b + c
  33.      s = perimeter / 2
  34.      area = math.sqrt(s * (s - a) * (s - b) * (s - c))
  35.  
  36.      message = Text(Point(0, -4), "Point1：({}, {})\nPoint2：({}, {})\nPoint3：({}, {})\n面积：{}\n周长：{}".format(pt1.getX(), pt1.getY(), pt2.getX(), pt2.getY(), pt3.getX(), pt3.getY(), area, perimeter))
  37.      message.setSize(8)
  38.      message.setTextColor(color_rgb(144, 144, 144))
  39.      message.draw(win)
  40.  
  41.      win.getMouse()
  42.      win.close()
  43.  
  44.  main()

11、五次点击的房子。

​ 编写一个程序，允许用户通过五次鼠标点击，绘制一个简单的房子。前两次点击是房子的矩形框架的对角。第三次点击指出矩形门的顶部边缘的中心。门的宽度应为房屋框架宽度的1/5。门的边框应从顶部的转角延伸到框架的底部。第四次点击指出正方形窗口的中心。窗口的宽度是门的一半。最后一次点击指出屋顶的顶点。屋顶的边缘将从顶点延伸到房屋框架的顶部边缘的转角。
解答

  1.  from graphics import *
  2.  
  3.  def main():
  4.      win = GraphWin(width=500, height=500)
  5.  
  6.      frameLL = win.getMouse()
  7.      frameLL.draw(win)
  8.      frameUR = win.getMouse()
  9.      frameLL.undraw()
  10.      Rectangle(frameLL, frameUR).draw(win)
  11.  
  12.      doorUC = win.getMouse()
  13.      houseWidth = frameUR.getX() - frameLL.getX()
  14.      doorWidth = houseWidth * 0.2
  15.      doorLL = Point(doorUC.getX() - doorWidth / 2, frameLL.getY())
  16.      doorUR = Point(doorUC.getX() + doorWidth / 2, doorUC.getY())
  17.      Rectangle(doorLL, doorUR).draw(win)
  18.  
  19.      windowCenter = win.getMouse()
  20.      windowWidth = doorWidth / 2
  21.      windowLL = Point(windowCenter.getX() - windowWidth / 2, windowCenter.getY() - windowWidth / 2)
  22.      windowUR = Point(windowCenter.getX() + windowWidth / 2, windowCenter.getY() + windowWidth / 2)
  23.      Rectangle(windowLL, windowUR).draw(win)
  24.  
  25.      peak = win.getMouse()
  26.      roofL = Line(Point(frameLL.getX(), frameUR.getY()), peak)
  27.      roofR = Line(peak, frameUR)
  28.      roofL.draw(win)
  29.      roofR.draw(win)
  30.  
  31.      win.getMouse()
  32.      win.close()
  33.  
  34.  main()

  1. draw_coord() 实现：
  1.  def draw_coord(win):
  2.     for i in range(5, -6, -1):
  3.         l = Line(Point(-5, i), Point(5, i))
  4.         l.setFill(color_rgb(192, 192, 192))
  5.         l.draw(win)
  6.     for i in range(-5, 6, 1):
  7.         l = Line(Point(i, 5), Point(i, -5))
  8.         l.setFill(color_rgb(192, 192, 192))
  9.         l.draw(win)
  10.  
  11.     x_axis = Line(Point(-5, 0), Point(5, 0))
  12.     x_axis.setArrow("last")
  13.     x_axis.setFill(color_rgb(144, 144, 144))
  14.     x_axis.draw(win)
  15.     x_text = Text(Point(4.75, -0.25), "x")
  16.     x_text.setFill(color_rgb(144, 144, 144))
  17.     x_text.draw(win)
  18.  
  19.     y_axis = Line(Point(0, -5), Point(0, 5))
  20.     y_axis.setArrow("last")
  21.     y_axis.setFill(color_rgb(144, 144, 144))
  22.     y_axis.draw(win)
  23.     y_text = Text(Point(0.25, 4.75), "y")
  24.     y_text.setFill(color_rgb(144, 144, 144))
  25.     y_text.draw(win)
  26.  
  27.     base_point = Text(Point(-0.25, -0.25), "")
  28.     base_point.setFill(color_rgb(144, 144, 144))
  29.     base_point.draw(win)

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