python3获取指定目录内容的详细信息

不同平台获取指定目录内容的详细信息命令各不相同：

Linux中可以通过ls -al获取获取

windows中可以通过dir命令获取

下面是我写的一个通用获取目录内容详细信息的python3脚本：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os, time, sys
from os.path import join, getsize

def ListDir(dir_data):
    '''
    :param dir_data: 指定获取内容的目录
    每次返回目录下的一个文件或文件夹(生成器练习)
    '''
    list_dir = os.listdir(dir_data)
    while True:
        try:
            list_obj = list_dir.pop()
            yield dir_data, list_obj
        except IndexError:
            return

def GetDirSize(dir):
    '''
    :param dir: 指定获取大小的目录
    获取目录大小
    '''
    size = 0
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dir):
        size += sum([getsize(join(root, name)) for name in files])
    return size

def getFileInfo(dir_data):
    '''
    :param dir_data: 调用ListDir函数是所需参数
    获取目录内的每个文件或目录的属性和大小并打印
    '''
    info = {}
    for root, obj in ListDir(dir_data):
        dir_obj = '%s/%s' %(root, obj)
        if os.path.isfile(dir_obj):    #文件处理
            '''info为字典格式，方便返回调用，此脚本只是输出内容，不涉及返回调用'''
            info['TimeCreated'] = os.path.getctime(dir_obj)    #获取创建时间
            info['TimeModified'] = os.path.getatime(dir_obj)    #获取访问时间
            info['Size'] = os.path.getsize(dir_obj)/1024/1024    #获取文件大小，单位为M
            if info['Size'] >= 1024:    #文件大小换算为G
                info['Size'] = info['Size']/1014
                print('%-5s\t%10.2fG\t%30s\t%30s\t%-20s' %('dir', info['Size'], time.ctime(info['TimeCreated']), time.ctime(info['TimeModified']), obj))
            elif info['Size'] < 1:    #文件大小换算问K
                info['Size'] = info['Size'] * 1024
                print('%-5s\t%10.2fK\t%30s\t%30s\t%-20s' %('dir', info['Size'], time.ctime(info['TimeCreated']), time.ctime(info['TimeModified']), obj))
            else:
                print('%-5s\t%10.2fM\t%30s\t%30s\t%-20s' %('dir', info['Size'], time.ctime(info['TimeCreated']), time.ctime(info['TimeModified']), obj))

        else:    #目录处理
            info['TimeCreated'] = os.path.getctime(dir_obj)
            info['TimeModified'] = os.path.getatime(dir_obj)
            info['Size'] = GetDirSize(dir_obj)/1024/1024

            if info['Size'] >= 1024:
                info['Size'] = info['Size']/1014
                print('%-5s\t%10.2fG\t%30s\t%30s\t%-20s' %('file', info['Size'], time.ctime(info['TimeCreated']), time.ctime(info['TimeModified']), obj))
            elif info['Size'] < 1:
                info['Size'] = info['Size'] * 1024
                print('%-5s\t%10.2fK\t%30s\t%30s\t%-20s' %('file', info['Size'], time.ctime(info['TimeCreated']), time.ctime(info['TimeModified']), obj))
            else:
                print('%-5s\t%10.2fM\t%30s\t%30s\t%-20s' %('dir', info['Size'], time.ctime(info['TimeCreated']), time.ctime(info['TimeModified']), obj))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    getFileInfo(sys.argv[1])

win7执行结果：

E:\chengd_ftp_server\module>python list_dir.py ./
file          7.22K           Mon Aug 14 22:36:24 2017        Sat Aug 19 13:03:43 2017  __pycache__
file          8.47K           Sat Aug 12 10:32:11 2017        Sat Aug 19 00:30:22 2017  threading_socket_server.py
file          1.56K           Sat Aug 12 09:04:21 2017        Mon Aug 14 23:08:05 2017  socket_ftp_main.py
file          3.02K           Sat Aug 19 14:17:31 2017        Sat Aug 19 14:17:31 2017  list_dir.py

centos7执行结果：

[root@localhost tmp]# ls -lah
total 128K
drwxrwxrwt. 15 root root 4.0K Jul 20 18:34 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root root  253 Jul 18 13:03 ..
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   85 Jul 18 17:32 20170720
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  103 Jul 19 05:58 20170721
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  141 Jul 19 13:14 20170722
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  121 Jul 20 01:33 20170723
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   39 Jul 20 04:03 20170724
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   54 Jul 20 17:26 20170801
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  233 Jul 19 23:33 apache.log
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 1.4K Jul 19 23:21 apachen.log
drwxrwxrwt.  2 root root    6 Jun 26 15:37 .font-unix
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   18 Jul 18 13:08 hsperfdata_root
drwxrwxrwt.  2 root root    6 Jun 26 15:37 .ICE-unix
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   30 Jun 27 05:27 shutil_file
drwxrwxrwt.  2 root root    6 Jun 26 15:37 .Test-unix
drwxrwxrwt.  2 root root    6 Jun 26 15:37 .X11-unix
drwxrwxrwt.  2 root root    6 Jun 26 15:37 .XIM-unix
-rw-------   1 root root  97K Jul 18 11:27 yum_save_tx.2017-07-18.11-27.uzI4eR.yumtx
-rw-------   1 root root  15K Jul 18 12:53 yum_save_tx.2017-07-18.12-53.vANJxP.yumtx
[root@localhost tmp]# /root/dir.py .
dir   1.72K    Thu Jul 20 17:26:17 2017    Thu Jul 20 17:26:19 2017    20170801
dir   1.65K    Thu Jul 20 04:03:46 2017    Thu Jul 20 07:01:24 2017    20170724
file  0.23K    Wed Jul 19 23:33:55 2017    Wed Jul 19 23:34:05 2017    apache.log
file  1.30K    Wed Jul 19 23:21:24 2017    Wed Jul 19 23:19:02 2017    apachen.log
dir   4.88K    Thu Jul 20 01:33:32 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    20170723
dir   2.13K    Wed Jul 19 13:14:10 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    20170722
dir   0.97K    Wed Jul 19 05:58:58 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    20170721
dir   3.17K    Tue Jul 18 17:32:47 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    20170720
dir  32.00K    Tue Jul 18 13:08:48 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    hsperfdata_root
file 14.76K    Tue Jul 18 12:53:05 2017    Tue Jul 18 12:53:05 2017    yum_save_tx.2017-07-18.12-53.vANJxP.yumtx
file 96.68K    Tue Jul 18 11:27:03 2017    Tue Jul 18 11:27:03 2017    yum_save_tx.2017-07-18.11-27.uzI4eR.yumtx
file  0.05K    Tue Jul 18 11:34:08 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    shutil_file
dir   0.00K    Mon Jun 26 15:44:13 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    .ICE-unix
dir   0.00K    Mon Jun 26 15:44:13 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    .font-unix
dir   0.00K    Mon Jun 26 15:44:13 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    .X11-unix
dir   0.00K    Mon Jun 26 15:37:09 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    .Test-unix
dir   0.00K    Mon Jun 26 15:37:09 2017    Thu Jul 20 18:17:47 2017    .XIM-unix

文件大小之计算到KB，不是太精确；大家有兴趣的可以精确到字节就完美了！