C#委托,事件，匿名委托

作为一个初学者，写下来是当做自己的学习笔记，希望在以后遇到问题的时候能够快速的找到方法

如果能帮助跟我一样的新人是更好不过的了        如果有什么不正确或者可以改进的地方也希望大家能够指出来  谢谢大家

1.委托

来百度一下什么是委托：委托是一个类，它定义了方法的类型，使得可以将方法当作另一个方法的参数来进行传递，这种将方法动态地赋给参数的做法，可以避免在程序中大量使用If-Else(Switch)语句，同时使得程序具有更好的可扩展性。（百度百科）

先来写个简单的委托：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
    class Program
    {
        //声明没有参数,没有返回值的委托
        public delegate void MyDelegate();
        //委托对象
        static MyDelegate myDelegate;

        public static void Show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("我的代理");
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            myDelegate = new MyDelegate(Show);//实例化委托  委托myDelegate去做Show的事情
            myDelegate();//调用myDelegate
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

将上面的改为带参数，带返回值的委托

class Program
    {
        //声明带参数,带返回值的委托
        public delegate string MyDelegate(string data);
        //委托对象
        static MyDelegate myDelegate;

        public static string Show(string data)
        {
            return data;
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            myDelegate = new MyDelegate(Show);//实例化委托  委托myDelegate去做Show的事情
            Console.WriteLine(myDelegate("委托的参数"));//在调用时,需要带上参数
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

现在我们写两个方法

 class Program
    {
        //声明带参数,带返回值的委托
        public delegate void MyDelegate();
        //委托对象
        static MyDelegate myDelegate;

        public static void ShowOne()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("委托一号");
        }

        public static void ShowTwo()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("委托二号");
        }
    }

我们现在想输出两个中的一个  可以改成这样  顺便复习一下带参数的委托

class Program
    {
        //声明带参数的委托
        public delegate void MyDelegate(string data);
        //委托对象
        static MyDelegate myDelegate;

        public static void Show(string data)
        {
            switch (data)
            {
                case "委托一号":
                    Console.WriteLine("委托一号");
                    break;
                case "委托二号":
                    Console.WriteLine("委托二号");
                    break;
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            myDelegate = new MyDelegate(Show);
            myDelegate("委托一号");//调用时的参数是什么就会输出对应的委托了
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

什么委托一号  什么委托二号 这个好记 要是选项多了  东西又不太好记怎么办  稍微改进一下

/// <summary>
    /// 1是委托一号  2是委托二号
    /// </summary>
　 　enum DATA
    {
        zero,
        NumOne,
        NumTwo,
    };

    class Program
    {
        //声明带参数的委托
        public delegate void MyDelegate(DATA data);
        //委托对象
        static MyDelegate myDelegate;

        public static void Show(DATA data)
        {
            switch (data)
            {
                case DATA.NumOne:
                    Console.WriteLine("委托一号");
                    break;
                case DATA.NumTwo:
                    Console.WriteLine("委托二号");
                    break;
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            myDelegate = new MyDelegate(Show);
            myDelegate(DATA.NumTwo);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

是不是瞬间感觉高大上了     还有要活用/// <summary>    /// </summary>      这可是好东西 可以让别人用你代码的时候更加的清楚用的是什么有什么用处     可以提高代码的可读性哦

2.事件

如果我们希望两个方法同时输出该怎么做呢    应该这样：

 class Program
    {
        //声明带参数,带返回值的委托
        public delegate void MyDelegate();
        //委托对象
        static event MyDelegate myDelegate;//此处与上面不同哦

        public static void ShowOne()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("委托一号");
        }

        public static void ShowTwo()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("委托二号");
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            myDelegate = new MyDelegate(ShowOne);//先给你对象赋上一个方法
            myDelegate += new MyDelegate(ShowTwo);//再给你加上一个方法
            myDelegate();//调用
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

看下输出  调用一个  两个同时都显示出来了  没错这就是事件（event）

事件可以加 那能不能减呢   聪明  你没有猜错 当然可以  改完后看下结果

 static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            myDelegate = new MyDelegate(ShowOne);//先给你对象赋上一个方法
            myDelegate += new MyDelegate(ShowTwo);//再给你加上一个方法
            myDelegate();//调用
            Console.WriteLine("__________________________我来分割________________________");
            myDelegate -= new MyDelegate(ShowOne);
            myDelegate();//减完后再调一次
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

3.匿名方法

委托和事件说完了  来看看特别一点的    匿名方法

在之前  每次实例化委托的时候都要有一个已经写好的方法  而匿名方法则不需要

    class Program
    {
        //声明带参数的委托
        public delegate void MyDelegate(string data);
        //委托对象
        static MyDelegate myDelegate;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            myDelegate = delegate(string data)         //带参数
            {
                Console.WriteLine(data);
            };
            myDelegate("带参数的匿名方法");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

不带参数的只要将参数去掉即可       delegate后面跟上你需要用的参数在{}中进行你需要的操作  最后不要忘记带上分号哦

4.Lambda表达式

要是匿名方法还不够快  那试试这个

class Program
    {
        //声明带参数的委托
        public delegate void MyDelegate(string data);
        //委托对象
        static MyDelegate myDelegate;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            myDelegate = (string data) => { Console.WriteLine(data); };
            myDelegate("带参数Lambda表达式");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

代码量是不是更少了呢  直接用小括号写上参数，然后是=> 再用个{}来框住你的操作  同样最后也有分号

5.Action

先来看看它的解释

参数可以有好多也可以没有  但是  他没有返回值  来看看怎么用吧

class Program
    {
        //不带参数的Action
        static Action actionOne;
        //带参数的Action
        static Action<string> actionTwo;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            actionOne = new Action(ShowOne);
            actionOne();

            actionTwo = new Action<string>(ShowTwo);
            actionTwo("Action ShowTwo");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        static void ShowOne()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Action ShowOne\n");
        }

        static void ShowTwo(string data)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(data);
        }
    }

试着输出一下吧

6.Func

它与Action类似  但是他是必须带返回值的

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" alt="" />

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" alt="" />

前面的都是它的参数， 最后一个参数就是他的返回值

 //不带参数的Action
        static Func<string> FuncOne;
        //带参数的Action
        static Func<string,string> FuncTwo;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            FuncOne = new Func<string>(ShowOne);
            Console.WriteLine(FuncOne());

            FuncTwo = new Func<string, string>(ShowTwo);
            Console.WriteLine(FuncTwo("Func ShowTwo"));
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        static string ShowOne()
        {
            return "Func ShowOne\n";
        }

        static string ShowTwo(string data)
        {
            return data;
        }

大家试着自己输出吧  毕竟程序还是要多练的哦