C#导出Excel那些事

Excel导出

Excel导出的意义

因为在项目中有些报表数据客户需要导出功能，那么导出为Excel就十分有必要了，可是有些客户的机器上并没有安装Excel或者安装的版本参差不一。
那么我们在这样的情况下应该应该怎么做呢？最简单的方法就是引用Excel相关的Com组件就行了，可是这种情况只能在安装了Excel的用户适用，
对于没有安装Excel的用户不能强制用户安装吧。那么我们只能将眼光瞄向第三方的类库了，能用的Excel操作导出类库大致有这么三个

1. NPOI
2. ExcelRepor

3. aspose.cells

   好的，废话不多说，接下来就将这几种导出方法一一道来：首先我们模拟一个数据源

         private DataTable dt = new DataTable();

         /// <summary>
         /// 装载数据
         /// </summary>
         private void Inidata()
         {
             dt.TableName = "student";
             dt.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));
             dt.Columns.Add("Team", typeof(string));
             DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
             DataRow dr1 = dt.NewRow();
             dr["Name"] = "科比";
             dr["Team"] = "湖人";
             dt.Rows.Add(dr);
             dr1["Name"] = "詹姆斯";
             dr1["Team"] = "骑士";
             dt.Rows.Add(dr1);
             list.Add(new Student { Name = "科比", Team = "湖人" });
             list.Add(new Student { Name = "詹姆斯", Team = "骑士" });
         }

使用NPOI导出

NPOI 是 POI 项目的 .NET 版本。具体的信息请自行百度。下边是我们公司用的一个NPOI到处的Helper中的片段

  public class NPOIExportExclHelper
     {
         /// <summary>
         /// 创建一个Excel
         /// Yakecan
         /// </summary>
         /// <returns>返回一个空表格</returns>
         public HSSFWorkbook InitializeWorkBook()
         {
             HSSFWorkbook workBook = new HSSFWorkbook();
             DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
             SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();

             dsi.Company = "河南xx软件科技有限公司";
             dsi.Manager = "Office Word 2003/2007";

             si.Author = "www.henanluheng.com";
             si.Subject = "信息导出";
             si.Title = "系统报表";

             workBook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;
             workBook.SummaryInformation = si;

             return workBook;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 把指定的DataTable导出Excel
         /// Yakecan
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="dt">数据源</param>
         /// <param name="path">导出的路径(包含文件的名称及后缀名)</param>
         /// <param name="tittle">Sheet的名称</param>
         public void Export(DataTable dt, string path, string tittle)
         {
             HSSFWorkbook workbook = InitializeWorkBook();
             ISheet sheet1 = workbook.CreateSheet(tittle);

             IRow titleRow = sheet1.CreateRow();
             titleRow.Height = (short) * ;

             ICellStyle titleStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
             titleStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
             titleStyle.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
             IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
             font.FontName = "宋体";
             font.FontHeightInPoints = (short);
             titleStyle.SetFont(font);

             NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress region = new NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress(, , , dt.Columns.Count);
             sheet1.AddMergedRegion(region); // 添加合并区域

             ICell titleCell = titleRow.CreateCell();
             titleCell.CellStyle = titleStyle;
             titleCell.SetCellValue(tittle);

             IRow headerRow = sheet1.CreateRow();
             ICellStyle headerStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
             headerStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
             headerStyle.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
             headerStyle.BorderBottom = BorderStyle.Thin;
             headerStyle.BorderLeft = BorderStyle.Thin;
             headerStyle.BorderRight = BorderStyle.Thin;
             headerStyle.BorderTop = BorderStyle.Thin;
             IFont titleFont = workbook.CreateFont();
             titleFont.FontHeightInPoints = (short);
             titleFont.FontName = "宋体";
             headerStyle.SetFont(titleFont);

             headerRow.CreateCell().SetCellValue("序号");
             headerRow.GetCell().CellStyle = headerStyle;

             for (int i = ; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
             {
                 headerRow.CreateCell(i + ).SetCellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
                 headerRow.GetCell(i + ).CellStyle = headerStyle;
                 sheet1.SetColumnWidth(i,  * );
             }

             ICellStyle bodyStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
             bodyStyle.BorderBottom = BorderStyle.Thin;
             bodyStyle.BorderLeft = BorderStyle.Thin;
             bodyStyle.BorderRight = BorderStyle.Thin;
             bodyStyle.BorderTop = BorderStyle.Thin;
             for (int r = ; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)
             {
                 IRow bodyRow = sheet1.CreateRow(r + );
                 bodyRow.CreateCell().SetCellValue(r + );
                 bodyRow.GetCell().CellStyle = bodyStyle;
                 bodyRow.GetCell().CellStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;

                 for (int c = ; c < dt.Columns.Count; c++)
                 {
                     bodyRow.CreateCell(c + ).SetCellValue(dt.Rows[r][c].ToString());
                     bodyRow.GetCell(c + ).CellStyle = bodyStyle;
                 }
             }

             sheet1.CreateFreezePane(, );

             FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create);
             workbook.Write(fs);
             fs.Flush();
             fs.Position = ;
             sheet1 = null;
             headerRow = null;
             workbook = null;
             //OutPutExcelStreamOnClient(ms, xlsName);
             fs.Dispose();
         }

     }

好了，接下来让我们来使用一下这个导出的功能，导出代码如下，这些没什么技术含量，F5启动程序查看导出的效果

  SaveFileDialog savedialog = ShowExportExcelDoalog();
             savedialog.FileName = "这是我的测试数据";
             if (savedialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
             {
                 NPOIExportExclHelper excelHelper = new NPOIExportExclHelper();
                 excelHelper.Export(dt, savedialog.FileName, "这是我的测试数据");
             }

OK，这是我们导出的效果图，自动为我们加上了序号这一列，不过整体来说导出的功能还是没有任何问题。不过还是有一点瑕疵，数据的列名还是英文，解决方法也很简单只要我们设置数据源的dt的列头名设置为中国文就行了，dt.Columns["Name"].ColumnName = "姓名"; 设置完成再导出就没问题了。对于我们直男程序员来说这样大致差不多也就完成了任务，可是这样的效果对于真正的生产环境来说还是不行的，因为有些客户还要求导出的Excel要有格式，比如标题高亮啊、数据行每行颜色的高亮。这些怎么办呢，这就用到接下来的方法了。

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" 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使用ExcelReport和模板导出

使用模板导出Excel可以实现Excel的数据和样式的分离，虽然NPOI也可以导出的时候设置样式但是代码比较繁琐。

ExcelReport是博客园的一个大神韩兆新捣鼓出来的一个小工具。在QQ群中作者对于使用者遇到的问题和意见还是反馈的很积极的，这点要给作者点个赞的。关于这个控件的具体详细方法还请大家参考作者的一系列博客，下面只是给你导出的最基本的代码。

首先是我们的模板格式

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vFcPUw4oRqfzA3VCuC/WIwL+KEan8wN1Qrgv1i+E4KAABQD8a8yFKGiI5EzA3VimC/GGYbECdU+4O5oVoR7BeDeREnVPuDuaFaEewXY+z/hxgoQ9OylLIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" 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导出代码如下

 SaveFileDialog saveFileDlg = new SaveFileDialog();
             saveFileDlg.Filter = "Excel 2003文件|*.xls|Excel 2007文件|*.xlsx";

             if (DialogResult.OK.Equals(saveFileDlg.ShowDialog()))
             {
                 //实例化一个参数容器，并加载模板填充规则文件

                 ParameterCollection collection = new ParameterCollection();

                 collection.Load(@"Templete\excelreport.xml");
                 //实例化一个元素格式化器列表

                 List<ElementFormatter> formatters = new List<ElementFormatter>();

                 formatters.Add(new CellFormatter(collection["Sheet1", "time"], "第一次"));   //添加一个单元格格式化器
                 //添加一个Table格式化器
                 formatters.Add(new TableFormatter<Student>(collection["Sheet1", "Name"].X, list,
                     new TableColumnInfo<Student>(collection["Sheet1", "Name"].Y, t => t.Name),
                     new TableColumnInfo<Student>(collection["Sheet1", "Team"].Y, t => t.Team))
                     );

                 //导出文件到本地
                 ExportHelper.ExportToLocal(@"Templete\excelreport.xls", saveFileDlg.FileName,
                     new SheetFormatterContainer("Sheet1", formatters));

使用aspose.cells和模板导出

Aspose是一个非常强大的“收费控件”，我们要用到的是aspose.cells，这个控件的使用不需要引用其他别的控件，其次代码也非常简单。具体的使用方法参考Aspose.Cells 根据Excel模板导出数据统计

模板如下

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UeCcxueZ+Wwm4VDNW5FG6o9khgdisA7Fa1UJ1L4YZqj8BuiOtQnUvhhmqPeLZbz4E+B3j/uU4AQE3A2q3WuUJ0pRBuqPaIl+uC3WodqnMp3FDtEdgNcR2qcyncUO0R2A1xHapzKdxQ7REv1/U/+xdEw00RqywAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" alt="" />

 WorkbookDesigner designer = new WorkbookDesigner();
             //Server.MapPath("./")
             string path = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/Templete/aspose.xls";
             designer.Open(path);
             designer.SetDataSource(dt);
             designer.Process();
             //Save the excel file
             string fileToSave = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory +  "Templete/JH_ManageExcel.xls";
             if (File.Exists(fileToSave))
             {
                 File.Delete(fileToSave);
             }

             designer.Save(fileToSave, FileFormatType.Excel2003);
             //打开Excel文件
             Process.Start(fileToSave);

总结

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本文只是简单的介绍几种Excel的导出方法，并没有具体的深入研究。这三种方式各有各的特点，第一种方法比较通用，适合那些需要多种导出且对导出的样式没有要求的项目，后边两种适合那些对导出数据有样式需求的项目。第二种方式所用的类库开源、免费但是代码比较繁琐，且还需要生成Xml的配置文件使起来还是比较麻烦，第三种使用起来最好、最简便，不过需要收费。如果用在商业项目中还是需要斟酌的。