Thymeleaf是官方推荐的显示引擎,这篇文章主要介绍怎么让spring boot整合Thymeleaf.  它是一个适用于Web和独立环境的现代服务器端Java模板引擎。

Thymeleaf的主要目标是给开发工作流程带来优雅的自然模板 - 可以在浏览器中正确显示的HTML,也可以用作静态原型,从而在开发团队中实现更强大的协作。通过Spring Framework模块,与喜欢的工具的集成,Thymeleaf是HTML5 JVM Web开发的理想选择。

1.自然模板官方示例

用Thymeleaf编写的HTML模板看起来和HTML一样工作

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th th:text="#{msgs.headers.name}">Name</th>
<th th:text="#{msgs.headers.price}">Price</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr th:each="prod: ${allProducts}">
<td th:text="${prod.name}">Oranges</td>
<td th:text="${#numbers.formatDecimal(prod.price, 1, 2)}">0.99</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

2.项目结构

2.1 主要功能还是添加一本书,查看一本书的明细,以及返回所有的书籍。这次项目中用到两个数据表。

CREATE TABLE `book` (
`Id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Name` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
`Category` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
`Price` decimal(18,2) NOT NULL,
`Publish_Date` date NOT NULL,
`Poster` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=87 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 CREATE TABLE `author` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(45) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
`phone` varchar(16) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`email` varchar(45) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`book_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci

2.2 和系列二中的示例几乎一样,多了一个templates文件夹用来存放thymeleaf文件。

需要在application.properties文件中添加以下内容:

spring.thymeleaf.cache=true
spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/
spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html
spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8
spring.thymeleaf.servlet.content-type=text/html

2.3 项目用到的技术如下,

  • Spring-Data-JPA
  • H5
  • Bootstrap
  • Thymeleaf
  • 数据库依旧是MySQL

2.4 项目逻辑架构图

2.5 完整的pom.xml如下,

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- springboot,jpa 整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql 驱动包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<!--根据MySQL server 版本实际情况变动 -->
<version>8.0.17</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$ -->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

3.后端服务层

3.1 com.example.demo.model包中新建Author,Book,BookViewModel类,

@Entity
public class Author implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3523362375538074534L;
@Id
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String phone;
private String email;
private Integer bookId;
} //省略getter & setter方法 @Entity
public class Book implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3123479062966697145L;
@Id
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String category;
private Double price;
private Date publish_date;
private String poster;
} //省略getter & setter方法 public class BookViewModel {
private Book book;
private Author author;
} //省略getter & setter方法

3.2com.example.demo.store包中,新建AuthorRepository,BookRepository接口

public interface BookRepository extends JpaRepository<Book,Integer> {
@Query(value = "SELECT * FROM book order by Id desc", nativeQuery = true)
List<Book> findBooks();
} public interface AuthorRepository extends JpaRepository<Author, Integer> {
Author findByBookId(Integer bookId);
}

3.3com.example.demo.controller包中创建BookController类,

@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/book")
public class BookController { @Autowired
private BookRepository bookRepository; @Autowired
private AuthorRepository authorRepository; @Value("${upload.path}")
private String filePath; @GetMapping(path="/add")
public ModelAndView add() {
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("add");
return modelAndView;
} @PostMapping(path = "/save")
public String save(HttpServletRequest request, @RequestParam("inputPoster") MultipartFile inputPoster) { String tempPath = filePath;
String name = request.getParameter("inputName");
String category = request.getParameter("categorySelect");
Double price = Double.valueOf(request.getParameter("inputPrice"));
// Give today as a default date
Date publishDate = new Date();
String temp = request.getParameter("inputDate");
DateFormat formatDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
// Test only
try {
publishDate = formatDate.parse(temp);
} catch (ParseException e2) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e2.printStackTrace();
}
// Handle uploading picture
String fileName = inputPoster.getOriginalFilename();
String suffixName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf('.'));
fileName = UUID.randomUUID() + suffixName;
String posterPath = "image/" + fileName;
Book book = new Book();
book.setId(0);
book.setName(name);
book.setCategory(category);
book.setPrice(price);
book.setPublish_date(publishDate);
book.setPoster(posterPath); tempPath += fileName;
try {
inputPoster.transferTo(new File(tempPath));
bookRepository.save(book);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "redirect:/book/all";
} @GetMapping(path = "/all")
public ModelAndView findAll() {
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("home");
Iterable<Book> books = bookRepository.findBooks();
modelAndView.addObject("bookList", books);
return modelAndView;
} @GetMapping(path="view/{id}")
public ModelAndView view(@PathVariable Integer id) {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("view");
Optional<Book> optional = bookRepository.findById(id);
Book book = optional.orElseGet(Book::new);
Author author = authorRepository.findByBookId(id);
if(author == null) {
author = new Author();
}
BookViewModel bookViewModel = new BookViewModel();
bookViewModel.setAuthor(author);
bookViewModel.setBook(book);
mv.addObject("bookView",bookViewModel);
return mv; }
}

3.4com.example.demo.config 包中的WebConfig类和示例二中完全一样,此处省略不提。

4.前端显示层

在templates文件夹里面添加三个文件,分别是home.html, add.html, view.html.

4.1 home.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Required meta tags -->
<meta charset="utf-8"></meta>
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"></meta> <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css"
integrity="sha384-ggOyR0iXCbMQv3Xipma34MD+dH/1fQ784/j6cY/iJTQUOhcWr7x9JvoRxT2MZw1T"
crossorigin="anonymous"></link> <title>Index Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Springboot进阶系列三</h1> <!-- Content here -->
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table table-striped table-sm" id="books">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Category</th>
<th>Price</th>
<th>Operation</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr th:each="book : ${bookList}">
<td th:text="${book.id}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.name}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.category}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.price}"></td>
<td><a class="btn btn-outline-primary"
th:href="@{/book/view/{id}(id=${book.id})}" role="button">View</a>
<a class="btn btn-outline-primary"
th:href="@{/book/edit/{id}(id=${book.id})}" role="button">Edit</a>
<a class="btn btn-outline-primary"
th:href="@{/book/delete/{id}(id=${book.id})}" role="button">Delete</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div> <a href="/book/add" class="btn btn-outline-primary" role="button"
aria-pressed="true">Add Book</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>

4.2 add.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Required meta tags -->
<meta charset="utf-8"></meta>
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"></meta> <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css"
integrity="sha384-ggOyR0iXCbMQv3Xipma34MD+dH/1fQ784/j6cY/iJTQUOhcWr7x9JvoRxT2MZw1T"
crossorigin="anonymous"></link> <title>Add Book</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Springboot进阶系列三</h1>
<!-- Content here -->
<form action="/book/save" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="inputName" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Name</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="inputName"
placeholder="Name">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="categorySelect" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Category</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<select class="form-control" name="categorySelect">
<option>武侠</option>
<option>历史</option>
<option>军事</option>
<option>国学</option>
<option>投资</option>
<option>管理</option>
<option>传记</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="inputPrice" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Price</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="inputPrice"
placeholder="Price">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="inputDate" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Publish
Date</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="date" class="form-control" name="inputDate" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="inputPoster" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Poster</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="file" class="form-control" name="inputPoster" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<div class="col-sm-10">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-outline-primary">Save</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

4.3 view.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Required meta tags -->
<meta charset="utf-8"></meta>
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"></meta> <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css"
integrity="sha384-ggOyR0iXCbMQv3Xipma34MD+dH/1fQ784/j6cY/iJTQUOhcWr7x9JvoRxT2MZw1T"
crossorigin="anonymous"></link> <title>View Book</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Springboot进阶系列三</h1>
<!-- Content here --> <div class="form-group row">
<label class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Name</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" th:value="${bookView.Book.name}">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Category</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<select class="form-control" th:value="${bookView.Book.category}">
<option>武侠</option>
<option>历史</option>
<option>军事</option>
<option>国学</option>
<option>投资</option>
<option>管理</option>
<option>传记</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Price</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" th:value="${bookView.Book.price}">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Publish
Date</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" th:value="${#dates.format(bookView.Book.publish_date,'yyyy-MM-dd')}" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="inputPoster" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Poster</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<img th:src="${'../../' + bookView.Book.poster}" alt="Poster"></img>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Author</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" th:value="${bookView.Author.name}">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Phone</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" th:value="${bookView.Author.phone}">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" th:value="${bookView.Author.email}">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<div class="col-sm-10">
<a href="/book/all" class="btn btn-outline-dark" role="button" aria-pressed="true">Back</a>
</div>
</div> </div>
</body>
</html>

5.运行程序

浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/book/all,显示如下,

点击 Add Book按钮,跳转到add.html页面,

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