#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

template <typename T>
T inverse(T a, T m) {
T u = 0, v = 1;
while (a != 0) {
T t = m / a;
m -= t * a; swap(a, m);
u -= t * v; swap(u, v);
}
assert(m == 1);
return u;
} template <typename T>
class Modular {
public:
using Type = typename decay<decltype(T::value)>::type; constexpr Modular() : value() {}
template <typename U>
Modular(const U& x) {
value = normalize(x);
} template <typename U>
static Type normalize(const U& x) {
Type v;
if (-mod() <= x && x < mod()) v = static_cast<Type>(x);
else v = static_cast<Type>(x % mod());
if (v < 0) v += mod();
return v;
} const Type& operator()() const { return value; }
template <typename U>
explicit operator U() const { return static_cast<U>(value); }
constexpr static Type mod() { return T::value; } Modular& operator+=(const Modular& other) { if ((value += other.value) >= mod()) value -= mod(); return *this; }
Modular& operator-=(const Modular& other) { if ((value -= other.value) < 0) value += mod(); return *this; }
template <typename U> Modular& operator+=(const U& other) { return *this += Modular(other); }
template <typename U> Modular& operator-=(const U& other) { return *this -= Modular(other); }
Modular& operator++() { return *this += 1; }
Modular& operator--() { return *this -= 1; }
Modular operator++(int) { Modular result(*this); *this += 1; return result; }
Modular operator--(int) { Modular result(*this); *this -= 1; return result; }
Modular operator-() const { return Modular(-value); } template <typename U = T>
typename enable_if<is_same<typename Modular<U>::Type, int>::value, Modular>::type& operator*=(const Modular& rhs) {
#ifdef _WIN32
uint64_t x = static_cast<int64_t>(value) * static_cast<int64_t>(rhs.value);
uint32_t xh = static_cast<uint32_t>(x >> 32), xl = static_cast<uint32_t>(x), d, m;
asm(
"divl %4; \n\t"
: "=a" (d), "=d" (m)
: "d" (xh), "a" (xl), "r" (mod())
);
value = m;
#else
value = normalize(static_cast<int64_t>(value) * static_cast<int64_t>(rhs.value));
#endif
return *this;
}
template <typename U = T>
typename enable_if<is_same<typename Modular<U>::Type, int64_t>::value, Modular>::type& operator*=(const Modular& rhs) {
int64_t q = static_cast<int64_t>(static_cast<long double>(value) * rhs.value / mod());
value = normalize(value * rhs.value - q * mod());
return *this;
}
template <typename U = T>
typename enable_if<!is_integral<typename Modular<U>::Type>::value, Modular>::type& operator*=(const Modular& rhs) {
value = normalize(value * rhs.value);
return *this;
} Modular& operator/=(const Modular& other) { return *this *= Modular(inverse(other.value, mod())); } template <typename U>
friend const Modular<U>& abs(const Modular<U>& v) { return v; } template <typename U>
friend bool operator==(const Modular<U>& lhs, const Modular<U>& rhs); template <typename U>
friend bool operator<(const Modular<U>& lhs, const Modular<U>& rhs); template <typename U>
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& stream, Modular<U>& number); private:
Type value;
}; template <typename T> bool operator==(const Modular<T>& lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return lhs.value == rhs.value; }
template <typename T, typename U> bool operator==(const Modular<T>& lhs, U rhs) { return lhs == Modular<T>(rhs); }
template <typename T, typename U> bool operator==(U lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) == rhs; } template <typename T> bool operator!=(const Modular<T>& lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return !(lhs == rhs); }
template <typename T, typename U> bool operator!=(const Modular<T>& lhs, U rhs) { return !(lhs == rhs); }
template <typename T, typename U> bool operator!=(U lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return !(lhs == rhs); } template <typename T> bool operator<(const Modular<T>& lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return lhs.value < rhs.value; } template <typename T> Modular<T> operator+(const Modular<T>& lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) += rhs; }
template <typename T, typename U> Modular<T> operator+(const Modular<T>& lhs, U rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) += rhs; }
template <typename T, typename U> Modular<T> operator+(U lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) += rhs; } template <typename T> Modular<T> operator-(const Modular<T>& lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) -= rhs; }
template <typename T, typename U> Modular<T> operator-(const Modular<T>& lhs, U rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) -= rhs; }
template <typename T, typename U> Modular<T> operator-(U lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) -= rhs; } template <typename T> Modular<T> operator*(const Modular<T>& lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) *= rhs; }
template <typename T, typename U> Modular<T> operator*(const Modular<T>& lhs, U rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) *= rhs; }
template <typename T, typename U> Modular<T> operator*(U lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) *= rhs; } template <typename T> Modular<T> operator/(const Modular<T>& lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) /= rhs; }
template <typename T, typename U> Modular<T> operator/(const Modular<T>& lhs, U rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) /= rhs; }
template <typename T, typename U> Modular<T> operator/(U lhs, const Modular<T>& rhs) { return Modular<T>(lhs) /= rhs; } template<typename T, typename U>
Modular<T> power(const Modular<T>& a, const U& b) {
assert(b >= 0);
Modular<T> x = a, res = 1;
U p = b;
while (p > 0) {
if (p & 1) res *= x;
x *= x;
p >>= 1;
}
return res;
} template <typename T>
bool IsZero(const Modular<T>& number) {
return number() == 0;
} template <typename T>
string to_string(const Modular<T>& number) {
return to_string(number());
} template <typename T>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const Modular<T>& number) {
return stream << number();
} template <typename T>
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& stream, Modular<T>& number) {
typename common_type<typename Modular<T>::Type, int64_t>::type x;
stream >> x;
number.value = Modular<T>::normalize(x);
return stream;
} /*
using ModType = int; struct VarMod { static ModType value; };
ModType VarMod::value;
ModType& md = VarMod::value;
using Mint = Modular<VarMod>;
*/ constexpr int md = 998244353;
using Mint = Modular<std::integral_constant<decay<decltype(md)>::type, md>>;

tourist's modular arithmetic class的更多相关文章

  1. Modular Arithmetic ( Arithmetic and Algebra) CGAL 4.13 -User Manual

    1 Introduction Modular arithmetic is a fundamental tool in modern algebra systems. In conjunction wi ...

  2. Modular arithmetic and Montgomery form 实现快速模乘

    题目: 电音之王 题解: 求数列前n项相乘并取模 思路: ①.这题的乘法是爆long long的,可以通过快速幂的思想去解决(按数位对其中的一个数进行剖分).当然你的乘法会多出一个log的复杂度... ...

  3. I am Nexus Master!(虽然只是个模拟题。。。但仍想了很久!)

    I am Nexus Master!  The 13th Zhejiang University Programming Contest 参见:http://www.bnuoj.com/bnuoj/p ...

  4. UESTC 1852 Traveling Cellsperson

    找规律水题... Traveling Cellsperson Time Limit: 1000ms Memory Limit: 65535KB This problem will be judged ...

  5. UESTC 1851 Kings on a Chessboard

    状压DP... Kings on a Chessboard Time Limit: 10000ms Memory Limit: 65535KB This problem will be judged ...

  6. SPOJ 375. Query on a tree (树链剖分)

    Query on a tree Time Limit: 5000ms Memory Limit: 262144KB   This problem will be judged on SPOJ. Ori ...

  7. Robots on a grid(DP+bfs())

    链接:http://www.bnuoj.com/bnuoj/problem_show.php?pid=25585 Current Server Time: 2013-08-27 20:42:26 Ro ...

  8. An Introduction to Interactive Programming in Python (Part 1) -- Week 2_3 练习

    Mini-project description - Rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock Rock-paper-scissors is a hand game that ...

  9. Cellphone Typing 字典树

    Cellphone Typing Time Limit: 5000ms Memory Limit: 131072KB   This problem will be judged on UVA. Ori ...

随机推荐

  1. cx_freeze multiprocessing 打包后反复重启

    写了给flask程序,此外还需要用multiprocessing 启动一个守护进程. 不打包一切正常,用cx_freeze打包后,发现flask反复重启.任务管理器里这个GUI窗口的进程数不断增加. ...

  2. MessagePack Java 0.6.X 多种类型变量的序列化和反序列化(serialization/deserialization)

    类 Packer/Unpacker 允许序列化和反序列化多种类型的变量,如后续程序所示.这个类启用序列化和反序列化多种类型的变量和序列化主要类型变量以及包装类,String 对象,byte[] 对象, ...

  3. MySQL_(Java)使用preparestatement解决SQL注入的问题

    MySQL_(Java)使用JDBC向数据库发起查询请求 传送门 MySQL_(Java)使用JDBC创建用户名和密码校验查询方法 传送门 MySQL数据库中的数据,数据库名garysql,表名gar ...

  4. MySQL 主从复制 (CentOS 7)

    1.主从复制原理 (1) 当master 服务器上的数据发生改变时,则将其改变写入二进制日志文件中: (2) slave服务器会在一定时间间隔内对 master 服务器上的二进制日志进行探测,探测其是 ...

  5. [GIT]提交后版本恢复

    如果在回退以后又想再次回到之前的版本,可以用relog查看commit id,再使用reset设置.   1.执行 relog 后:   展示的最前面的部分就是commit id,后面会用来作为恢复的 ...

  6. ant DatePicker 中文

    方式一:局部设置 import 'moment/locale/zh-cn'; import locale from 'antd/lib/date-picker/locale/zh_CN'; //调用时 ...

  7. 安装RabbitMq,写程序发送接收消息

    1.安装Erlang和RabbitMq 在安装RabbitMq之前需要安装的Erlang(esl-erlang_22.0_windows_amd64.exe): https://pan.baidu.c ...

  8. 使用 Itext 生成PDF字节数组(文件流不落地)

    package com.ulic.gis.customerCenter.controller; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io ...

  9. 给JAVA的eclipse IDE 在线安装 SVN插件 / 给 eclipse 添加打开所在的文件夹功能

    http://subclipse.tigris.org/servlets/ProjectProcess?pageID=p4wYuA 首先,在这个网址找着最新在线安装链接 就是那个 Links for ...

  10. Linux crontab 每5秒钟执行一次 shell 脚本 的方法

    Linux crontab 每5秒钟执行一次 shell 脚本 的方法 由于 Linux 的 crontab 的定时命令格式如下: minute hour day-of-month month-of- ...