RabbitMQ 七种队列模式
（1）简单模式（Hello World）
做最简单的事情，一个生产者对应一个消费者，RabbitMQ相当于一个消息代理，负责将A的消息转发给B
应用场景： 将发送的电子邮件放到消息队列，然后邮件服务在队列中获取邮件并发送给收件人
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Sender {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "simple_queue";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
// queue：队列名
// durable：是否持久化
// exclusive：是否排外 即只允许该channel访问该队列 一般等于true的话用于一个队列只能有一个消费者来消费的场景
// autoDelete：是否自动删除 消费完删除
// arguments：其他属性
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
//消息内容
String message = "simplest mode message";
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println("[x]Sent '" + message + "'");
//最后关闭通关和连接
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
-----》
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Receiver {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "simplest_queue";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
// 获取连接
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" +
delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
（2）工作队列模式（Work queues）
在多个消费者之间分配任务（竞争的消费者模式），一个生产者对应多个消费者，一般适用于执行资源密集型任务，单个消费者处理不过来，需要多个消费者进行处理
应用场景： 一个订单的处理需要10s，有多个订单可以同时放到消息队列，然后让多个消费者同时处理，这样就是并行了，而不是单个消费者的串行情况
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Receiver1 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_work";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 同一时刻服务器只会发送一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" +
delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
========》
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Receiver2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_work";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 同一时刻服务器只会发送一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" +
delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
-----》
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Sender {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_work";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
String message = "work mode message" + i;
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println("[x] Sent '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(i * 10);
}
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
（3）订阅模式（Publish/Subscribe）
一次向许多消费者发送消息，一个生产者发送的消息会被多个消费者获取，也就是将消息将广播到所有的消费者中。
应用场景： 更新商品库存后需要通知多个缓存和多个数据库，这里的结构应该是：
- 一个fanout类型交换机扇出两个个消息队列，分别为缓存消息队列、数据库消息队列
- 一个缓存消息队列对应着多个缓存消费者
- 一个数据库消息队列对应着多个数据库消费者
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
public class Receive1 {
private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "logs";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
// 订阅消息的回调函数
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
};
// 消费者，有消息时出发订阅回调函数
channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
=======》
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
public class Receive2 {
private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "logs";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
// 订阅消息的回调函数
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received2 '" + message + "'");
};
// 消费者，有消息时出发订阅回调函数
channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
----------------------》
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
public class Sender {
private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "logs";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
String message = "publish subscribe message";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
（4）路由模式（Routing）
有选择地（Routing key）接收消息，发送消息到交换机并且要指定路由key ，消费者将队列绑定到交换机时需要指定路由key，仅消费指定路由key的消息
应用场景： 如在商品库存中增加了1台iphone12，iphone12促销活动消费者指定routing key为iphone12，只有此促销活动会接收到消息，其它促销活动不关心也不会消费此routing key的消息
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Receiver1 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_routing";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 指定路由的key，接收key和key2
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key");
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key2");
channel.basicQos(1);
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" +
delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
========》
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Receiver2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_routing2";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 仅接收key2
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key2");
channel.basicQos(1);
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" +
delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
---------------->
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Sender {
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct";
private final static String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "direct";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 交换机声明
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_TYPE);
// 只有routingKey相同的才会消费
String message = "routing mode message";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key2", null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println("[x] Sent '" + message + "'");
// channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key", null, message.getBytes());
// System.out.println("[x] Sent '" + message + "'");
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
（5）主题模式（Topics）
根据主题（Topics）来接收消息，将路由key和某模式进行匹配，此时队列需要绑定在一个模式上，#匹配一个词或多个词，*只匹配一个词。
应用场景： iphone促销活动可以接收主题为iphone的消息，如iphone12、iphone13等
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Receiver1 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_topic";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_topic";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 可以接收key.1
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.*");
channel.basicQos(1);
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" +
delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
========>
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Receiver2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_topic2";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_topic";
private final static String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "topic";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// *号代表单个单词，可以接收key.1
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.*");
// #号代表多个单词，可以接收key.1.2
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.#");
channel.basicQos(1);
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" +
delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
});
}
}
------------>
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Sender {
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_topic";
private final static String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "topic";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_TYPE);
String message = "topics model message with key.1";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.1", null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println("[x] Sent '" + message + "'");
String message2 = "topics model message with key.1.2";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.1.2", null, message2.getBytes());
System.out.println("[x] Sent '" + message2 + "'");
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}（6）远程过程调用（RPC）
需要在远程计算机上运行功能并等待结果就可以使用RPC。
应用场景：需要等待接口返回数据，如订单支付
（7）发布者确认（Publisher Confirms）
与发布者进行可靠的发布确认，发布者确认是RabbitMQ扩展，可以实现可靠的发布。在通道上启用发布者确认后，RabbitMQ将异步确认发送者发布的消息，这意味着它们已在服务器端处理。
应用场景： 对于消息可靠性要求较高，比如钱包扣款
=============
直连交换机（Direct exchange）： 具有路由功能的交换机，绑定到此交换机的时候需要指定一个routing_key，交换机发送消息的时候需要routing_key，会将消息发送道对应的队列
- 扇形交换机（Fanout exchange）： 广播消息到所有队列，没有任何处理，速度最快
- 主题交换机（Topic exchange）： 在直连交换机基础上增加模式匹配，也就是对routing_key进行模式匹配，
*代表一个单词，#代表多个单词 - 首部交换机（Headers exchange）： 忽略routing_key，使用Headers信息（一个Hash的数据结构）进行匹配，优势在于可以有更多更灵活的匹配规则
RabbitMQ 七种队列模式的更多相关文章
- RabbitMQ几种队列模式
- RabbitMQ : 几种Exchange 模式
AMQP协议中的核心思想就是生产者和消费者隔离,生产者从不直接将消息发送给队列.生产者通常不知道是否一个消息会被发送到队列中,只是将消息发送到一个交换机.先由Exchange来接收,然后Exchang ...
- 8、RabbitMQ三种Exchange模式（fanout,direct,topic）的性能比较
RabbitMQ三种Exchange模式(fanout,direct,topic)的性能比较 RabbitMQ中,除了Simple Queue和Work Queue之外的所有生产者提交的消息都由Exc ...
- 【转】RabbitMQ三种Exchange模式
[转]RabbitMQ三种Exchange模式 RabbitMQ中,所有生产者提交的消息都由Exchange来接受,然后Exchange按照特定的策略转发到Queue进行存储 RabbitMQ提供了四 ...
- linux bond配置步骤，七种bond模式说明
一.网卡绑定: 第一步:创建一个ifcfg-bondX # vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0 DEVICE=bond0 BONDING_OPT ...
- MySQL逻辑架构、SQL加载执行顺序、七种JOIN模式图解
逻辑架构 存储引擎 查看当前安装的mysql提供的存储引擎 查看当前mysql默认的存储引擎 MyISAM和InnoDB SQL加载执行顺序 sql书写顺序 mysql解析器执行的顺序 考点:m ...
- ARM微处理器的七种运行模式
ARM微处理器的七种运行模式: 用户模式(usr):正常的程序执行状态 快速中断模式(fiq):用于处理快速中断,对高速数据传输或通道处理. 中断模式(irq):对一般情况下的中断进行处理. 管理模式 ...
- 【RabbitMQ学习之二】RabbitMQ四种交换机模式应用
环境 win7 rabbitmq-server-3.7.17 Erlang 22.1 一.概念1.队列队列用于临时存储消息和转发消息.队列类型有两种,即时队列和延时队列. 即时队列:队列中的消息会被立 ...
- 【RabbitMQ】4、RabbitMQ几种Exchange 模式
AMQP协议中的核心思想就是生产者和消费者隔离,生产者从不直接将消息发送给队列.生产者通常不知道是否一个消息会被发送到队列中,只是将消息发送到一个交换机.先由Exchange来接收,然后Exchang ...
随机推荐
- c#图标、显示图表、图形、json echarts实例 数据封装【c#】
page: <%@ Control Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Viewxxx ...
- Java读文件写入kafka
目录 Java读文件写入kafka 文件格式 pom依赖 java代码 Java读文件写入kafka 文件格式 840271 103208 0 0.0 insert 84e66588-8875-441 ...
- 零基础学习java------40---------Maven（maven的概念，安装，maven在eclipse中使用），springboot（spring整合springmvc(注解）,spring整合mybatis（常见的配置文件）)，前端页面（bootstrap软件）
一 maven 1. Maven的相关概念 1.1 项目开发中遇到的问题 (1)都是同样的代码,为什么在我的机器上可以编译执行,而在他的机器上就不行? (2)为什么在我的机器上可以正常打包,而配置管理 ...
- eclipse上点击open Perspective找不到java EE的解决办法
原因:没有安装java ee等插件 Help--->Install New software---->work with中选择All Available Sites----> ...
- CentOS7 搭建maven私服Nexus
下载解压 官网https://www.sonatype.com/download-oss-sonatype 下载页面 https://help.sonatype.com/repomanager2/do ...
- Shell学习（九）——chattr与lsattr命令详解
有时候你发现用root权限都不能修改某个文件,大部分原因是曾经用chattr命令锁定该文件了.chattr命令的作用很大,其中一些功能是由Linux内核版本来支持的,不过现在生产绝大部分跑的linux ...
- Linux学习 - fdisk分区
一.fdisk命令分区过程 系统一旦重启,分区将消失 1 添加新硬盘 直接在虚拟机上添加 2 查看新硬盘 fdisk -l 3 分区 fdisk /dev/sdb fdisk进入/dev/sdb硬件设 ...
- Xcode中匹配的配置包的存放目录
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/DeviceSupport
- Dubbo服务限流
为了防止某个消费者的QPS或是所有消费者的QPS总和突然飙升而导致的重要服务的失效,系统可以对访问流量进行控制,这种对集群的保护措施称为服务限流. Dubbo中能够实现服务限流的方式较多,可以划分为两 ...
- oracle体系结构（图）