mongoDB常见的查询索引(三)
1. _id索引
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> db.jerome_2.collection.insert({x:2}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome_2.collection.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 1, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "name" : "_id_" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2.collection" } ] > db.jerome_2.collection.findOne() { "_id" : ObjectId( "557004f1f2824fa15224e20b" ), "x" : 2 } > |
2. 单键索引
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> db.jerome_2.collection.ensureIndex({x:1}) { "createdCollectionAutomatically" : false , "numIndexesBefore" : 1, "numIndexesAfter" : 2, "ok" : 1 } > db.jerome_2.collection.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 1, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "name" : "_id_" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2.collection" }, { "v" : 1, "key" : { "x" : 1 }, "name" : "x_1" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2.collection" } ] > db.jerome_2.collection. find ({x:1}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "557005a5f2824fa15224e20c" ), "x" : 1, "y" : 2, "z" : 3 } > |
3. 多建索引
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> db.jerome_2.collection.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 1, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "name" : "_id_" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2.collection" }, { "v" : 1, "key" : { "x" : 1 }, "name" : "x_1" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2.collection" } ] > db.jerome_2.collection. find () { "_id" : ObjectId( "557004f1f2824fa15224e20b" ), "x" : 2 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "557005a5f2824fa15224e20c" ), "x" : 1, "y" : 2, "z" : 3 } > db.jeroem_2.collection.insert({x:[1,2,3,4,5]}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) |
4. 复合索引
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> db.jerome_2.collection.ensureIndex({x:1,y:1}) { "createdCollectionAutomatically" : false , "numIndexesBefore" : 2, "numIndexesAfter" : 3, "ok" : 1 } > db.jerome_2.collection. find ({x:1,y:2}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "557005a5f2824fa15224e20c" ), "x" : 1, "y" : 2, "z" : 3 } > |
5. 过期索引
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> db.jerome_2.collection.ensureIndex({ time :1},{expireAfterSeconds:30}) { "createdCollectionAutomatically" : false , "numIndexesBefore" : 3, "numIndexesAfter" : 4, "ok" : 1 } > db.jerome_2.collection.insert({ time :new Date()}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome_2.collection. find () { "_id" : ObjectId( "557004f1f2824fa15224e20b" ), "x" : 2 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "557005a5f2824fa15224e20c" ), "x" : 1, "y" : 2, "z" : 3 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "55700b17f2824fa15224e20e" ), "time" : ISODate( "2015-06-04T08:23:51.531Z" ) } > db.jerome_2.collection. find () { "_id" : ObjectId( "557004f1f2824fa15224e20b" ), "x" : 2 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "557005a5f2824fa15224e20c" ), "x" : 1, "y" : 2, "z" : 3 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "55700b17f2824fa15224e20e" ), "time" : ISODate( "2015-06-04T08:23:51.531Z" ) } > db.jerome_2.collection. find () { "_id" : ObjectId( "557004f1f2824fa15224e20b" ), "x" : 2 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "557005a5f2824fa15224e20c" ), "x" : 1, "y" : 2, "z" : 3 } > |
6.全文索引
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> db.jerome_2.ensureIndex({ "article" : "text" }) { "createdCollectionAutomatically" : true , "numIndexesBefore" : 1, "numIndexesAfter" : 2, "ok" : 1 } > db.jerome_2.insert({ "article" : "aa bb cc dd ee" }) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome_2.insert({ "article" : "aa bb rr gg zz" }) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome_2.insert({ "article" : "aa bb" }) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome_2.insert({ "article" : "aa bb cc zz ff ww" }) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome_2. find ({$text:{$search: "aa" }}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904271c0bbd90f4ce0e2" ), "article" : "aa bb rr gg zz" } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572903371c0bbd90f4ce0e1" ), "article" : "aa bb cc dd ee" } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572905671c0bbd90f4ce0e4" ), "article" : "aa bb cc zz ff ww" } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904771c0bbd90f4ce0e3" ), "article" : "aa bb" } > db.jerome_2. find ({$text:{$search: "ff" }}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572905671c0bbd90f4ce0e4" ), "article" : "aa bb cc zz ff ww" } > db.jerome_2. find ({$text:{$search: "aa bb cc" }}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904271c0bbd90f4ce0e2" ), "article" : "aa bb rr gg zz" } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572903371c0bbd90f4ce0e1" ), "article" : "aa bb cc dd ee" } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572905671c0bbd90f4ce0e4" ), "article" : "aa bb cc zz ff ww" } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904771c0bbd90f4ce0e3" ), "article" : "aa bb" } > db.jerome_2. find ({$text:{$search: "aa bb -cc" }}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904271c0bbd90f4ce0e2" ), "article" : "aa bb rr gg zz" } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904771c0bbd90f4ce0e3" ), "article" : "aa bb" } > db.jerome_2. find ({$text:{$search: "\"aa\" \"bb\" \"cc\"" }}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572903371c0bbd90f4ce0e1" ), "article" : "aa bb cc dd ee" } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572905671c0bbd90f4ce0e4" ), "article" : "aa bb cc zz ff ww" } > |
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> db.jerome_2. find ({$text:{$search: "aa bb" }},{score:{$meta: "textScore" }}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904271c0bbd90f4ce0e2" ), "article" : "aa bb rr gg zz" , "score" : 1.2 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572903371c0bbd90f4ce0e1" ), "article" : "aa bb cc dd ee" , "score" : 1.2 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572905671c0bbd90f4ce0e4" ), "article" : "aa bb cc zz ff ww" , "score" : 1.1666666666666667 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904771c0bbd90f4ce0e3" ), "article" : "aa bb" , "score" : 1.5 } > db.jerome_2. find ({$text:{$search: "aa bb" }},{score:{$meta: "textScore" }}). sort ({score:{$meta: "textScore" }}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904771c0bbd90f4ce0e3" ), "article" : "aa bb" , "score" : 1.5 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572903371c0bbd90f4ce0e1" ), "article" : "aa bb cc dd ee" , "score" : 1.2 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572904271c0bbd90f4ce0e2" ), "article" : "aa bb rr gg zz" , "score" : 1.2 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572905671c0bbd90f4ce0e4" ), "article" : "aa bb cc zz ff ww" , "score" : 1.1666666666666667 } > |
7.地理位置索引
2d索引
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> db.location.ensureIndex({ "w" : "2d" }) #创建2d索引 > db.location.insert({w:[1,1]}) #插入测试数据 WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.location.insert({w:[1,2]}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.location.insert({w:[2,3]}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.location.insert({w:[100,80]}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.location. find ({w:{$near:[1,1]}}) #会返回100个,理你最近的点 { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a961aba41684d6e8826c" ), "w" : [ 1, 1 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a970aba41684d6e8826e" ), "w" : [ 2, 3 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a97aaba41684d6e8826f" ), "w" : [ 100, 80 ] } > db.location. find ({w:{$near:[1,1],$maxDistance:2}}) #可以使用maxDistance限制(near不能使用minDistance) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a961aba41684d6e8826c" ), "w" : [ 1, 1 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } |
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> db.location. find ({w:{$geoWithin:{$box:[[0,0],[3,3]]}}}) #矩形 { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a970aba41684d6e8826e" ), "w" : [ 2, 3 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a961aba41684d6e8826c" ), "w" : [ 1, 1 ] } > db.location. find ({w:{$geoWithin:{$box:[[1,2],[2,3]]}}}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a970aba41684d6e8826e" ), "w" : [ 2, 3 ] } > db.location. find ({w:{$geoWithin:{$center:[[0,0],100]}}}) #圆形,100是半径 { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a961aba41684d6e8826c" ), "w" : [ 1, 1 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a970aba41684d6e8826e" ), "w" : [ 2, 3 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } > db.location. find ({w:{$geoWithin:{$center:[[0,0],1000]}}}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a961aba41684d6e8826c" ), "w" : [ 1, 1 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a97aaba41684d6e8826f" ), "w" : [ 100, 80 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a970aba41684d6e8826e" ), "w" : [ 2, 3 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } > db.location. find ({w:{$geoWithin:{$polygon:[[0,0],[0,1],[2,5],[6,1]]}}}) #多边形查询(各个点围成的多边形的范围) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a970aba41684d6e8826e" ), "w" : [ 2, 3 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a961aba41684d6e8826c" ), "w" : [ 1, 1 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } > db.location. find ({w:{$geoWithin:{$polygon:[[0,0],[0,1],[2,5],[6,1000],[1001,0]]}}}) { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a970aba41684d6e8826e" ), "w" : [ 2, 3 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a97aaba41684d6e8826f" ), "w" : [ 100, 80 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a961aba41684d6e8826c" ), "w" : [ 1, 1 ] } { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } |
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> db.runCommand({geoNear: "location" ,near:[1,2],maxDistance:10,num:1}) { "results" : [ { "dis" : 0, "obj" : { "_id" : ObjectId( "5572a965aba41684d6e8826d" ), "w" : [ 1, 2 ] } } ], "stats" : { "nscanned" : NumberLong(1), "objectsLoaded" : NumberLong(1), "avgDistance" : 0, "maxDistance" : 0, "time" : 2 }, "ok" : 1 } > |
球面地理位置索引
创建索引比较重要属性介绍
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> db.jerome_2.ensureIndex({x:1}) > db.jerome_2.ensureIndex({y:-1}) > db.jerome_2.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 1, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "name" : "_id_" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2" }, { "v" : 1, "key" : { "x" : 1 }, "name" : "x_1" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2" }, { "v" : 1, "key" : { "y" : -1 }, "name" : "y_-1" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2" } |
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> db.jerome_2.ensureIndex({x:1,y:-1}) > db.jerome_2.ensureIndex({x:1,y:-1,z:1}) > db.jerome_2.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 1, "key" : { "x" : 1, "y" : -1 }, "name" : "x_1_y_-1" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2" }, { "v" : 1, "key" : { "x" : 1, "y" : -1, "z" : 1 }, "name" : "x_1_y_-1_z_1" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2" } ] |
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> db.jerome_2.ensureIndex({x:1,y:1,z:1,m:1},{name: "normal_index" }) > db.jerome_2.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 1, "key" : { "x" : 1, "y" : 1, "z" : 1, "m" : 1 }, "name" : "normal_index" , "ns" : "jerome.jerome_2" } ] > db.jerome_2.dropIndex( "normal_index" ) { "nIndexesWas" : 7, "ok" : 1 } > |
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> db.jerome.ensureIndex({m:1,n:1},{unique: true }) { "createdCollectionAutomatically" : true , "numIndexesBefore" : 1, "numIndexesAfter" : 2, "ok" : 1 } > db.jerome.insert({m:1,n:2}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome.insert({m:1,n:2}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 0, "writeError" : { "code" : 11000, "errmsg" : "insertDocument :: caused by :: 11000 E11000 duplicate key error index: jerome.jerome.$m_1_n_1 dup key: { : 1.0, : 2.0 }" } }) > |
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> db.jerome.insert({ "m" :1}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome.insert({ "n" :1}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > db.jerome. find ({m:{$exists: true }}) #exists查找数据集合中一个字段存在或者不存在的记录 { "_id" : ObjectId( "55729ec1aba41684d6e8826a" ), "m" : 1 } { "_id" : ObjectId( "55729d5caba41684d6e88268" ), "m" : 1, "n" : 2 } > db.jerome.ensureIndex({m:1},{sparse: true }) #创建稀疏索引 { "createdCollectionAutomatically" : false , "numIndexesBefore" : 2, "numIndexesAfter" : 3, "ok" : 1 } > db.jerome. find ({m:{$exists: false }}) #MongoDB内部问题,所以找得到,通过下面强制指定索引 { "_id" : ObjectId( "55729ec7aba41684d6e8826b" ), "n" : 1 } > db.jerome. find ({m:{$exists: false }}).hint( "m_1" ) #下面这条记录,不存在m字段,所以不会创建索引,所以查不到记录 > |
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