特别提醒：自行定制的内核，必須经过全方位测试无誤后，方能用于生产环境

基于:/usr/src/sys/amd64/conf/GENERIC

cpu        HAMMER

ident        TEST_kernel

##makeoptions    DEBUG=-g        # Build kernel with gdb() debug symbols；若不使用 Dtrace 可注释掉

##makeoptions    WITH_CTF=        # Run ctfconvert() for DTrace support；若不使用 Dtrace 可注释掉

options IPFIREWALL # enables IPFW

options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE # enables logging for rules with log keyword

options IPDIVERT # enables NAT

options DUMMYNET # enables DUMMYNET

options TMPFS    #tmpfs filesystem

options SC_DISABLE_REBOOT    # disable reboot key sequence

device UMS    #usb mouse

options        ZFS        #添加此项可将 zfs 静态編译进内核，不再需要加载 opensolaris.ko 模块

options     SCHED_ULE        # ULE scheduler

options     PREEMPTION        # Enable kernel thread preemption

options     INET            # InterNETworking

options     INET6            # IPv6 communications protocols

options     IPSEC            # IP (v4/v6) security

options     TCP_OFFLOAD        # TCP offload

options     SCTP            # Stream Control Transmission Protocol

options     FFS            # Berkeley Fast Filesystem；若完全使用 ZFS，此项可注释掉

options     SOFTUPDATES        # Enable FFS soft updates support；若完全使用 ZFS，此项可注释掉

options     UFS_ACL            # Support for access control lists；ZFS的 ACL 功能需要;OR your must complier the module:acl_posix1e

options     UFS_DIRHASH        # Improve performance on big directories；若完全使用 ZFS，此项可注释掉

options     UFS_GJOURNAL        # Enable gjournal-based UFS journaling；若完全使用 ZFS，此项可注释掉

options     QUOTA            # Enable disk quotas for UFS；若完全使用 ZFS，此项可注释掉

##options     MD_ROOT            # MD is a potential root device；Memory Disks，虚拟内存磁盘支持

##options     NFSCL            # Network Filesystem Client

options     NFSD            # Network Filesystem Server；提供 RPC 功能支持，ZFS 需要;OR your will must complier the module:krpc

##options     NFSLOCKD        # Network Lock Manager

##options     NFS_ROOT        # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCL

options     MSDOSFS            # MSDOS Filesystem；EFI 分区需要

options     CD9660            # ISO  Filesystem

##options     PROCFS            # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)；FreeBSD 已不需要 /proc 文件系统

options     PSEUDOFS        # Pseudo-filesystem framework

options     GEOM_PART_GPT        # GUID Partition Tables；若完全使用 ZFS，此项可注释掉

##options     GEOM_RAID        # Soft RAID functionality；若完全使用 ZFS，此项可注释掉

options     GEOM_LABEL        # Provides labelization；若完全使用 ZFS，此项可注释掉

##options     COMPAT_FREEBSD32    # Compatible with i386 binaries

##options     COMPAT_FREEBSD4        # Compatible with FreeBSD4

##options     COMPAT_FREEBSD5        # Compatible with FreeBSD5

##options     COMPAT_FREEBSD6        # Compatible with FreeBSD6

##options     COMPAT_FREEBSD7        # Compatible with FreeBSD7

##options     COMPAT_FREEBSD9        # Compatible with FreeBSD9

##options     COMPAT_FREEBSD10    # Compatible with FreeBSD10

options     SCSI_DELAY=        # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI

options     KTRACE            # ktrace() support

options     STACK            # stack() support

options     SYSVSHM            # SYSV-style shared memory

options     SYSVMSG            # SYSV-style message queues

options     SYSVSEM            # SYSV-style semaphores

options     _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions

options     PRINTF_BUFR_SIZE=    # Prevent printf output being interspersed.

options     KBD_INSTALL_CDEV    # install a CDEV entry in /dev

options     HWPMC_HOOKS        # Necessary kernel hooks for hwpmc()

options     AUDIT            # Security event auditing

options     CAPABILITY_MODE        # Capsicum capability mode

options     CAPABILITIES        # Capsicum capabilities

##options     MAC            # TrustedBSD MAC Framework；强制权限控制，类似于 Linux 下的 SELinux

##options     KDTRACE_FRAME        # Ensure frames are compiled in；若不需要 Dtrace 可注释掉

##options     KDTRACE_HOOKS        # Kernel DTrace hooks；若不需要 Dtrace 可注释掉

##options     DDB_CTF            # Kernel ELF linker loads CTF data；若不需要 Dtrace 可注释掉

##options     INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE    # Include this file in kernel；将内核配置文件編译进内核，通常不需要

options     RACCT            # Resource accounting framework

options     RACCT_DEFAULT_TO_DISABLED # Set kern.racct.enable= by default

options     RCTL            # Resource limits

# Debugging support.  Always need this:

options     KDB            # Enable kernel debugger support.

options     KDB_TRACE        # Print a stack trace for a panic.

# Make an SMP-capable kernel by default

options     SMP            # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel

options     DEVICE_NUMA        # I/O Device Affinity

# CPU frequency control

device        cpufreq

# Bus support.

device        acpi

options     ACPI_DMAR         #IOMMU 硬件支持，如 intel 的 VT-X，提升网卡性能，同时用于給虚拟机直接分配物理硬件

device        pci

# options     PCI_HP            # PCI-Express native HotPlug

##options        PCI_IOV            # PCI SR-IOV support；一种較新的硬件直接分配物理硬件给虚拟机的实现

# Floppy drives（古老的软盘驱动）

##device        fdc

# ATA controllers（SATA 主控）

device        ahci            # AHCI-compatible SATA controllers

##device        ata            # Legacy ATA/SATA controllers；过时的 IDE 驱动

##device        mvs            # Marvell 88SX50XX/88SX60XX/88SX70XX/SoC SATA

##device        siis            # SiliconImage SiI3124/SiI3132/SiI3531 SATA

# SCSI Controllers（针对特定硬件厂商的选项，根据自己的硬件配置选择）

##device        ahc            # AHA2940 and onboard AIC7xxx devices

##options     AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT    # Print register bitfields in debug

                    # output.  Adds ~128k to driver.

##device        ahd            # AHA39320/ and onboard AIC79xx devices

##options     AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT    # Print register bitfields in debug

                    # output.  Adds ~215k to driver.

##device        esp            # AMD Am53C974 (Tekram DC-(T))

##device        hptiop            # Highpoint RocketRaid 3xxx series

##device        isp            # Qlogic family

#device        ispfw            # Firmware for QLogic HBAs- normally a module

##device        mpt            # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion

##device        mps            # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion

##device        mpr            # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion

#device        ncr            # NCR/Symbios Logic

##device        sym            # NCR/Symbios Logic (newer chipsets + those of `ncr')

##device        trm            # Tekram DC395U/UW/F DC315U adapters

##device        adv            # Advansys SCSI adapters

##device        adw            # Advansys wide SCSI adapters

##device        aic            # Adaptec []x SCSI adapters, AIC-[].

##device        bt            # Buslogic/Mylex MultiMaster SCSI adapters

device        isci            # Intel C600 SAS controller

# ATA/SCSI peripherals（凡是使用硬盘则必須）

device        scbus            # SCSI bus (required for ATA/SCSI)

device        ch            # SCSI media changers

device        da            # Direct Access (disks)

device        sa            # Sequential Access (tape etc)

##device        cd            # CD

device        pass            # Passthrough device (direct ATA/SCSI access)

device        ses            # Enclosure Services (SES and SAF-TE)

#device        ctl            # CAM Target Layer

# RAID controllers interfaced to the SCSI subsystem（硬 raid 接口驱动）

##device        amr            # AMI MegaRAID

##device        arcmsr            # Areca SATA II RAID

##device        ciss            # Compaq Smart RAID *

##device        dpt            # DPT Smartcache III, IV - See NOTES for options

##device        hptmv            # Highpoint RocketRAID 182x

##device        hptnr            # Highpoint DC7280, R750

##device        hptrr            # Highpoint RocketRAID 17xx, 22xx, 23xx, 25xx

##device        hpt27xx            # Highpoint RocketRAID 27xx

##device        iir            # Intel Integrated RAID

##device        ips            # IBM (Adaptec) ServeRAID

##device        mly            # Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID

##device        twa            # 3ware  series PATA/SATA RAID

device        tws            # LSI 3ware  SATA+SAS 6Gb/s RAID controller

# RAID controllers（硬 raid 控制器）

##device        aac            # Adaptec FSA RAID

##device        aacp            # SCSI passthrough for aac (requires CAM)

##device        aacraid            # Adaptec by PMC RAID

##device        ida            # Compaq Smart RAID

##device        mfi            # LSI MegaRAID SAS

##device        mlx            # Mylex DAC960 family

##device        mrsas            # LSI/Avago MegaRAID SAS/SATA, 6Gb/s and 12Gb/s

##device        pmspcv            # PMC-Sierra SAS/SATA Controller driver

#XXX pointer/int warnings

#device        pst            # Promise Supertrak SX6000

##device        twe            # 3ware ATA RAID

# NVM Express (NVMe) support（新型 NVMe pcie 固态硬盘支持）

##device        nvme            # base NVMe driver

##device        nvd            # expose NVMe namespaces as disks, depends on nvme

# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/ mouse

device        atkbdc            # AT keyboard controller

device        atkbd            # AT keyboard

device        psm            # PS/ mouse

device        kbdmux            # keyboard multiplexer

device        vga            # VGA video card driver

options     VESA            # Add support for VESA BIOS Extensions (VBE)

device        splash            # Splash screen and screen saver support

# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console

device        sc

options     SC_PIXEL_MODE        # add support for the raster text mode

# vt is the new video console driver

device        vt

device        vt_vga

device        vt_efifb

device        agp            # support several AGP chipsets

# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support

# PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support

##device        cbb            # cardbus (yenta) bridge

##device        pccard            # PC Card (-bit) bus

##device        cardbus            # CardBus (-bit) bus

# Serial (COM) ports

##device        uart            # Generic UART driver

# Parallel port（并口驱动，主要用于打印等设备）

##device        ppc

##device        ppbus            # Parallel port bus (required)

##device        lpt            # Printer

##device        ppi            # Parallel port interface device

#device        vpo            # Requires scbus and da

##device        puc            # Multi I/O cards and multi-channel UARTs

# PCI Ethernet NICs.

##device        bxe            # Broadcom NetXtreme II BCM5771X/BCM578XX 10GbE

##device        de            # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (``Tulip'')

##device        em            # Intel PRO/ Gigabit Ethernet Family

device        igb            # Intel PRO/ PCIE Server Gigabit Family

##device        ix            # Intel PRO/10GbE PCIE PF Ethernet

##device        ixv            # Intel PRO/10GbE PCIE VF Ethernet

##device        ixl            # Intel XL710 40Gbe PCIE Ethernet

##device        ixlv            # Intel XL710 40Gbe VF PCIE Ethernet

##device        le            # AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx PCnet

##device        ti            # Alteon Networks Tigon I/II gigabit Ethernet

##device        txp            # 3Com 3cR990 (``Typhoon'')

##device        vx            # 3Com 3c590, 3c595 (``Vortex'')

# PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code.

# NOTE: Be sure to keep the 'device miibus' line in order to use these NICs!

device        miibus            # MII bus support；使用有线网卡则必須开启

##device        ae            # Attansic/Atheros L2 FastEthernet

##device        age            # Attansic/Atheros L1 Gigabit Ethernet

device        alc            # Atheros AR8131/AR8132 Ethernet

##device        ale            # Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 Ethernet

##device        bce            # Broadcom BCM5706/BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet

##device        bfe            # Broadcom BCM440x / Ethernet

##device        bge            # Broadcom BCM570xx Gigabit Ethernet

##device        cas            # Sun Cassini/Cassini+ and NS DP83065 Saturn

##device        dc            # DEC/Intel  and various workalikes

##device        et            # Agere ET1310 //Gigabit Ethernet

##device        fxp            # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (, )

##device        gem            # Sun GEM/Sun ERI/Apple GMAC

##device        hme            # Sun HME (Happy Meal Ethernet)

##device        jme            # JMicron JMC250 Gigabit/JMC260 Fast Ethernet

##device        lge            # Level  LXT1001 gigabit Ethernet

##device        msk            # Marvell/SysKonnect Yukon II Gigabit Ethernet

##device        nfe            # nVidia nForce MCP on-board Ethernet

##device        nge            # NatSemi DP83820 gigabit Ethernet

##device        pcn            # AMD Am79C97x PCI / (precedence over 'le')

device        re            # RealTek 8139C+//8169S/8110S

##device        rl            # RealTek /

##device        sf            # Adaptec AIC- (``Starfire'')

##device        sge            # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS190/

##device        sis            # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS /SiS

##device        sk            # SysKonnect SK-984x & SK-982x gigabit Ethernet

##device        ste            # Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)

##device        stge            # Sundance/Tamarack TC9021 gigabit Ethernet

##device        tl            # Texas Instruments ThunderLAN

##device        tx            # SMC EtherPower II (83c170 ``EPIC'')

##device        vge            # VIA VT612x gigabit Ethernet

##device        vr            # VIA Rhine, Rhine II

##device        wb            # Winbond W89C840F

##device        xl            # 3Com 3c90x (``Boomerang'', ``Cyclone'')

# Wireless NIC cards（无线网卡驱动）

##device        wlan            # 802.11 support

##options     IEEE80211_DEBUG        # enable debug msgs

##options     IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE    # age frames in AMPDU reorder q's

##options     IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH    # enable .11s draft support

##device        wlan_wep        # 802.11 WEP support

##device        wlan_ccmp        # 802.11 CCMP support

##device        wlan_tkip        # 802.11 TKIP support

##device        wlan_amrr        # AMRR transmit rate control algorithm

##device        an            # Aironet / 802.11 wireless NICs.

##device        ath            # Atheros NICs

##device        ath_pci            # Atheros pci/cardbus glue

##device        ath_hal            # pci/cardbus chip support

##options     AH_SUPPORT_AR5416    # enable AR5416 tx/rx descriptors

##options     AH_AR5416_INTERRUPT_MITIGATION # AR5416 interrupt mitigation

##options     ATH_ENABLE_11N        # Enable .11n support for AR5416 and later

##device        ath_rate_sample        # SampleRate tx rate control for ath

#device        bwi            # Broadcom BCM430x/BCM431x wireless NICs.

#device        bwn            # Broadcom BCM43xx wireless NICs.

##device        ipw            # Intel  wireless NICs.

##device        iwi            # Intel 2200BG/2225BG/2915ABG wireless NICs.

##device        iwn            # Intel /// wireless NICs.

##device        malo            # Marvell Libertas wireless NICs.

##device        mwl            # Marvell 88W8363 .11n wireless NICs.

##device        ral            # Ralink Technology RT2500 wireless NICs.

##device        wi            # WaveLAN/Intersil/Symbol 802.11 wireless NICs.

##device        wpi            # Intel 3945ABG wireless NICs.

# Pseudo devices.

device        loop            # Network loopback

device        random            # Entropy device

device        padlock_rng        # VIA Padlock RNG

device        rdrand_rng        # Intel Bull Mountain RNG

device        ether            # Ethernet support

device        vlan            # .1Q VLAN support

device        tun            # Packet tunnel.

##device        md            # Memory "disks"；虚拟内存盘

device        gif            # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling

device        firmware        # firmware assist module

# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.

# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!

# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.

device        bpf            # Berkeley packet filter

# USB support

##options     USB_DEBUG        # enable debug msgs

device        uhci            # UHCI PCI->USB interface

device        ohci            # OHCI PCI->USB interface

device        ehci            # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0)

device        xhci            # XHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 3.0)

device        usb            # USB Bus (required)

device        ukbd            # Keyboard

device        umass            # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da

# Sound support

device        sound            # Generic sound driver (required);桌面系统需要声音

##device        snd_cmi            # CMedia CMI8338/CMI8738

##device        snd_csa            # Crystal Semiconductor CS461x/428x

##device        snd_emu10kx        # Creative SoundBlaster Live! and Audigy

##device        snd_es137x        # Ensoniq AudioPCI ES137x

device        snd_hda            # Intel High Definition Audio

##device        snd_ich            # Intel, NVidia and other ICH AC'97 Audio

##device        snd_via8233        # VIA VT8233x Audio

# MMC/SD

##device        mmc            # MMC/SD bus

##device        mmcsd            # MMC/SD memory card

##device        sdhci            # Generic PCI SD Host Controller

# VirtIO support（Qemu/kvm 虚拟机支持，Guest 机需要，Host 机不需要）

##device        virtio            # Generic VirtIO bus (required)

##device        virtio_pci        # VirtIO PCI device

##device        vtnet            # VirtIO Ethernet device

##device        virtio_blk        # VirtIO Block device

##device        virtio_scsi        # VirtIO SCSI device

##device        virtio_balloon        # VirtIO Memory Balloon device

# HyperV drivers and enhancement support（微软 HyperV 虚拟机技持）

##device        hyperv            # HyperV drivers 

# Xen HVM Guest Optimizations

# NOTE: XENHVM depends on xenpci.  They must be added or removed together.

##options     XENHVM            # Xen HVM kernel infrastructure

##device        xenpci            # Xen HVM Hypervisor services driver

# VMware support

##device        vmx            # VMware VMXNET3 Ethernet

# Netmap provides direct access to TX/RX rings on supported NICs

device        netmap            # netmap() support

# The crypto framework is required by IPSEC

device        crypto            # Required by IPSEC

...

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