前言

本篇文章主要分析 Spring IoC 的 createBean() 方法的流程,以及 bean 的生命周期。

下面是一个大致的流程图:

正文

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean

@Override
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException { if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd; // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
// clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
// which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
// 将String类型的class字符串,转换为Class对象,例如在XML中配置的class属性
Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
} // Prepare method overrides.
try {
// 进行定义的方法覆盖
mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
} try {
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
// 如果bean的实例化前回调方法返回非null,直接返回实例,跳过后面步骤
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
} try {
// 真正去创建bean的方法
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
// 返回bean的实例
return beanInstance;
}
catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
// A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
// or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
}
}

上面方法如果 resolveBeforeInstantiation() 返回非 null,则会跳过后面步骤,直接返回实例。这也是一个扩展点,给 BeanPostProcessor 一个机会来返回代理来替代真正的实例。

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#resolveBeforeInstantiation

protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
Object bean = null;
// 判断bean在实例化之前是否已经解析过
if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
// 如果bean是合成的 && 有实现 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
// 解析bean的类型
Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
if (targetType != null) {
// 执行bean的实例化前回调
bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);
// 如果实例化前生命周期回调方法返回的不是null
if (bean != null) {
// 执行bean的实例化后回调,因为只能在此处调用了
bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
}
}
}
// 如果bean不为空,则将beforeInstantiationResolved赋值为true,代表在实例化之前已经解析
mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
}
return bean;
}

上面方法主要是判断 bean 之前没有解析过并且有注册 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口,然后这里会调用 bean 实例化前的回调方法,如果返回非空,会调用 bean 实例化后的回调方法;因为返回非空,后续正常的流程都不会走了,所以只能在此处调用。

下面是 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口,如下:

public interface InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends BeanPostProcessor {

  /**
* Bean 实例化前调用,返回非 {@code null} IoC 容器不会对 Bean 进行实例化 并且后续的生命周期回调方法不
* 调用,返回 {@code null} 则进行 IoC 容器对 Bean 的实例化
*/
@Nullable
default Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return null;
} /**
* Bean 实例化之后,属性填充之前调用,返回 {@code true} 则进行默认的属性填充步骤,返回 {@code false}
* 会跳过属性填充阶段,同样也会跳过初始化阶段的生命周期方法的回调
*/
default boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return true;
} /**
* Bean 实例化后属性赋值前调用,PropertyValues 是已经封装好的设置的属性值,返回 {@code null} 继续
* 使用现有属性,否则会替换 PropertyValues
*/
@Nullable
default PropertyValues postProcessProperties(PropertyValues pvs, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return null;
} /**
* 跟上面方法一样,不过是以前版本使用的
*/
@Deprecated
@Nullable
default PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return pvs;
} }

上面接口提供了三个扩展点,如下:

  • bean 实例化前
  • bean 实例化后
  • bean 属性赋值前

这也是 bean 实例化的生命周期回调方法。

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean

protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException {

    // Instantiate the bean.
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
// 如果bean的作用域是singleton,则需要移除未完成的FactoryBean实例的缓存
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
// 通过构造函数反射创建bean的实例,但是属性并未赋值
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// 获取bean的实例
final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
// 获取bean的类型
Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
} // Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {
// BeanDefinition 合并后的回调,见下文详解
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
} // Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
// bean的作用域是单例 && 允许循环引用 && 当前bean正在创建中
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
// 如果允许bean提前曝光
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
// 将beanName和ObjectFactory形成的key-value对放入singletonFactories缓存中
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
} // Initialize the bean instance.
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
// 给 bean 的属性赋值
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
// 初始化 bean
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
} else {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
// 如果允许单例bean提前暴露
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
// 只有在检测到循环依赖的情况下才不为空
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
// 如果exposedObject没有在初始化方法中被改变,也就是没有被增强
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
} else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
// 检测依赖
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
} // Register bean as disposable.
try {
// 用于注册销毁bean
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
} catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
// 返回bean实例
return exposedObject;
}

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBeanInstance

/**
* @param args getBean() 中的 args 参数
* @return bean 实例包装后的 BeanWrapper
*/
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
// 解析 bean 的类型
Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
// 判断beanClass是否是public修饰的类,并且是否允许访问非公共构造函数和方法,不是抛出异常
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
// Spring 5新添加的,如果存在Supplier回调,则使用给定的回调方法初始化策略。可以使RootBeanDefinition#setInstanceSupplier()设置
Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
if (instanceSupplier != null) {
return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
}
// 如果设置工厂方法则使用给定的方法创建bean实例,这里分为静态工厂和实例化工厂
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
} // Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
// resolved: 构造函数或工厂方法是否已经解析过
boolean resolved = false;
// autowireNecessary: 是否需要自动注入 (即是否需要解析构造函数)
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
// 如果resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod不为空,代表构造函数或工厂方法已经解析过
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
// 根据constructorArgumentsResolved判断是否需要自动注入
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
// 如果构造函数或工厂方法已经解析过并且需要自动注入,则执行构造器自动注入,见下文详解
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
// 否则使用默认构造函数进行bean实例化,见下文详解
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
} // Candidate constructors for autowiring?
// 应用后置处理器,SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 拿到 bean 的候选构造函数
Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
// 候选构造函数不为空 || 构造函数依赖注入 || 定义了构造函数的参数值 || args不为空,则执行构造器自动注入
if (ctors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
} // Preferred constructors for default construction?
// 如果有首选的构造函数,使用该构造函数去创建bean实例
ctors = mbd.getPreferredConstructors();
if (ctors != null) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, null);
} // No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
// 没有特殊处理,使用默认无参构造器实例化bean
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}

上面代码主要判断是使用构函数自动注入,还是使用默认构造函数构造。总结起来以下几种情况会使用构造函数自动注入:

  • 已经缓存过构造函数并且构造函数的参数已经解析过。
  • 候选的构造函数不为空,这里的候选构造函数是通过实现 SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口中的 determineCandidateConstructors()
  • 自动注入模式为构造函数自动注入
  • BeanDefinition 定义了构造函数参数,如 XML 中的 <constructor-arg index="0" value="1"/>
  • 在调用 getBean() 时显示指定了 args 参数

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#instantiateBean

protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
final BeanFactory parent = this;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () ->
getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent),
getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// 使用指定的策略去实力化bean
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
// 将实例化后的bean封装成BeanWrapper后返回
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
} // SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
// Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.
// 如果有需要覆盖或者动态替换的方法则当然需要使用CGLIB进行动态代理,因为可以在创建代理的同时将方法织入类中
// 但是如果没有需要动态改变的方法,为了方便直接用反射就可以了
if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
// 获取缓存的构造方法或工厂方法
constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
// 缓存为空
if (constructorToUse == null) {
final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
// 如果clazz是接口,抛出异常
if (clazz.isInterface()) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
}
try {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
(PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
}
else {
// 获取默认的无参构造函数
constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
}
// 设置缓存
bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
}
}
}
// 这里就是用指定的无参构造器去实例化该bean,不做具体分析了
return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
}
else {
// Must generate CGLIB subclass.
// 用CGLIB生成子类动态织入重写的方法
return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
}
}

上面代码比较简单,无非就是使用默认的无参构造器去实例化 bean,并封装成 BeanWrapper 返回。

ConstructorResolver#autowireConstructor

protected BeanWrapper autowireConstructor(
String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Constructor<?>[] ctors, @Nullable Object[] explicitArgs) {
// 寻找适合的构造器,进行实例化
return new ConstructorResolver(this).autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, explicitArgs);
} public BeanWrapper autowireConstructor(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd,
@Nullable Constructor<?>[] chosenCtors, @Nullable Object[] explicitArgs) { BeanWrapperImpl bw = new BeanWrapperImpl();
this.beanFactory.initBeanWrapper(bw);
// 最终实例化的构造函数
Constructor<?> constructorToUse = null;
// 最终用于实例化的参数Holder
ArgumentsHolder argsHolderToUse = null;
// 最终用于实例化的构造函数参数
Object[] argsToUse = null;
// 如果explicitArgs不为空,则使用explicitArgs当做构造器函数参数
if (explicitArgs != null) {
argsToUse = explicitArgs;
}
else {
Object[] argsToResolve = null;
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
// 获取已经缓存的构造函数或工厂方法
constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
if (constructorToUse != null && mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved) {
// Found a cached constructor...
// 获取已经缓存的构造函数参数
argsToUse = mbd.resolvedConstructorArguments;
if (argsToUse == null) {
// 如果已经缓存了构造函数或工厂方法,那么resolvedConstructorArguments和preparedConstructorArguments必定有一个缓存了构造函数参数
argsToResolve = mbd.preparedConstructorArguments;
}
}
}
if (argsToResolve != null) {
// 如果argsToResolve不为空,则对构造函数参数进行解析,也就是会进行类型转换之类的操作
// 例如 A(int,int),把配置中的 ("1","1") 转换为 (1,1)
argsToUse = resolvePreparedArguments(beanName, mbd, bw, constructorToUse, argsToResolve, true);
}
}
// 如果没有缓存构造函数或者其参数
if (constructorToUse == null || argsToUse == null) {
// Take specified constructors, if any.
Constructor<?>[] candidates = chosenCtors;
if (candidates == null) {
Class<?> beanClass = mbd.getBeanClass();
try {
// 如果允许访问非public的构造函数和方法(该值默认为 true),就获取所有构造函数,否则只获取public修饰的构造函数
candidates = (mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed() ?
beanClass.getDeclaredConstructors() : beanClass.getConstructors());
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Resolution of declared constructors on bean Class [" + beanClass.getName() +
"] from ClassLoader [" + beanClass.getClassLoader() + "] failed", ex);
}
}
// 如果只有一个构造函数 && getBean()没有显示指定args && 没有定义构造函数的参数值
if (candidates.length == 1 && explicitArgs == null && !mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues()) {
// 获取构造函数
Constructor<?> uniqueCandidate = candidates[0];
if (uniqueCandidate.getParameterCount() == 0) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
// 设置构造函数和参数的缓存
mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = uniqueCandidate;
mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved = true;
mbd.resolvedConstructorArguments = EMPTY_ARGS;
}
// 通过无参构造函数创建bean的实例,然后直接返回
bw.setBeanInstance(instantiate(beanName, mbd, uniqueCandidate, EMPTY_ARGS));
return bw;
}
} // Need to resolve the constructor.
// 如果候选构造函数不为空 || 构造函数自动注入模式
boolean autowiring = (chosenCtors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR);
ConstructorArgumentValues resolvedValues = null; int minNrOfArgs;
// getBean()显示指定了参数,获取参数长度
if (explicitArgs != null) {
minNrOfArgs = explicitArgs.length;
}
else {
// 获取定义的构造函数参数
ConstructorArgumentValues cargs = mbd.getConstructorArgumentValues();
resolvedValues = new ConstructorArgumentValues();
// 解析构造函数参数并赋值到resolvedValues,返回参数个数。见下文详解
minNrOfArgs = resolveConstructorArguments(beanName, mbd, bw, cargs, resolvedValues);
}
// 这里对构造函数进行排序,规则是首先是public构造函数且参数个数从多到少,然后是非public构造函数且参数个数有多到少
AutowireUtils.sortConstructors(candidates);
// 最小匹配权重,权重越小,越接近我们要找的目标构造函数
int minTypeDiffWeight = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
Set<Constructor<?>> ambiguousConstructors = null;
LinkedList<UnsatisfiedDependencyException> causes = null;
// 遍历构造函数,找出符合的构造函数
for (Constructor<?> candidate : candidates) {
// 获取参数数量
int parameterCount = candidate.getParameterCount();
// 如果已经找到满足的构造函数 && 目标构造函数参数个数大于当前遍历的构造函数参数个数则终止
// 因为构造函数已经是排过序的,后面不会再有更适合的了
if (constructorToUse != null && argsToUse != null && argsToUse.length > parameterCount) {
// Already found greedy constructor that can be satisfied ->
// do not look any further, there are only less greedy constructors left.
break;
}
// 如果目标的构造函数参数个数小于我们需要的,直接跳过
if (parameterCount < minNrOfArgs) {
continue;
} ArgumentsHolder argsHolder;
// 获取到构造函数的参数类型
Class<?>[] paramTypes = candidate.getParameterTypes();
if (resolvedValues != null) {
try {
// 评估参数名称,就是判断构造函数上是否标注了@ConstructorProperties注解,如果标注了,直接取其中定义的参数名称
String[] paramNames = ConstructorPropertiesChecker.evaluate(candidate, parameterCount);
// 没有标注@ConstructorProperties注解,使用参数名称解析器,获取参数名称
if (paramNames == null) {
ParameterNameDiscoverer pnd = this.beanFactory.getParameterNameDiscoverer();
if (pnd != null) {
paramNames = pnd.getParameterNames(candidate);
}
}
// 创建一个参数数组以调用构造函数或工厂方法,见下文详解
// 主要是通过参数类型和参数名解析构造函数或工厂方法所需的参数(如果参数是其他bean,则会解析依赖的bean)
argsHolder = createArgumentArray(beanName, mbd, resolvedValues, bw, paramTypes, paramNames,getUserDeclaredConstructor(candidate), autowiring, candidates.length == 1);
}
catch (UnsatisfiedDependencyException ex) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Ignoring constructor [" + candidate + "] of bean '" + beanName + "': " + ex);
}
// Swallow and try next constructor.
if (causes == null) {
causes = new LinkedList<>();
}
causes.add(ex);
continue;
}
}
// resolvedValues为空, explicitArgs不为空,即显示指定了getBean()的args参数
else {
// Explicit arguments given -> arguments length must match exactly.
// 如果当前构造函数参数个数不等的explicitArgs的长度,直接跳过该构造函数
if (parameterCount != explicitArgs.length) {
continue;
}
// 把explicitArgs封装进ArgumentsHolder
argsHolder = new ArgumentsHolder(explicitArgs);
}
// 根据mbd的解析构造函数模式(true: 宽松模式,false:严格模式)
// 将argsHolder的参数和paramTypes进行比较,计算paramTypes的类型差异权重值
int typeDiffWeight = (mbd.isLenientConstructorResolution() ?
argsHolder.getTypeDifferenceWeight(paramTypes) : argsHolder.getAssignabilityWeight(paramTypes));
// Choose this constructor if it represents the closest match.
// 差异值越小代表构造函数越匹配,则选择此构造函数
if (typeDiffWeight < minTypeDiffWeight) {
constructorToUse = candidate;
argsHolderToUse = argsHolder;
argsToUse = argsHolder.arguments;
minTypeDiffWeight = typeDiffWeight;
// 如果出现权重值更小的候选者,则将ambiguousConstructors清空,允许之前存在权重值相同的候选者
ambiguousConstructors = null;
}
// 两个候选者权重值相同,并且是当前遍历过权重值最小的
else if (constructorToUse != null && typeDiffWeight == minTypeDiffWeight) {
// 将两个候选者添加到ambiguousConstructors
if (ambiguousConstructors == null) {
ambiguousConstructors = new LinkedHashSet<>();
ambiguousConstructors.add(constructorToUse);
}
ambiguousConstructors.add(candidate);
}
}
// 没有找到匹配的构造函数,抛出异常
if (constructorToUse == null) {
if (causes != null) {
UnsatisfiedDependencyException ex = causes.removeLast();
for (Exception cause : causes) {
this.beanFactory.onSuppressedException(cause);
}
throw ex;
}
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Could not resolve matching constructor " +
"(hint: specify index/type/name arguments for simple parameters to avoid type ambiguities)");
}
// 如果有多个匹配的候选者,并且不是宽松模式,抛出异常
else if (ambiguousConstructors != null && !mbd.isLenientConstructorResolution()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Ambiguous constructor matches found in bean '" + beanName + "' " +
"(hint: specify index/type/name arguments for simple parameters to avoid type ambiguities): " + ambiguousConstructors);
}
// getBean()方法没有指定args参数 && 构造函数参数不为空
if (explicitArgs == null && argsHolderToUse != null) {
// 缓存解析过后的构造函数和参数
argsHolderToUse.storeCache(mbd, constructorToUse);
}
} Assert.state(argsToUse != null, "Unresolved constructor arguments");
// 利用反射创建bean实例
bw.setBeanInstance(instantiate(beanName, mbd, constructorToUse, argsToUse));
return bw;
}

上面代码的功能主要如下:

  1. 构造函数参数的确定

    • 如果 explicitArgs 参数不为空,那就可以直接确定参数。因为 explicitArgs 参数是在调用 getBean() 时手动指定的,这个主要用于静态工厂方法的调用。
    • 缓存中不为空,那么可以直接拿过来使用。
    • BeanDefinition 中读取,我们所定义的 bean 都会生成一个 BeanDefinition ,其中记录了定义了构造函数参数通过 getConstructorArgumentValues() 获取。
  2. 构造函数的确定。经过第一步已经确定构造函数的参数,接下来就是用参数个数在所有的构造函数中锁定对应的构造函数。匹配之前会对构造函数进行排序,首先是 public 构造函数且参数个数从多到少,然后是非public 构造函数且参数个数有多到少。这样可以迅速判断排在后面的构造函数参数个数是否符合条件。
  3. 根据对应的构造函数转换对应的参数类型。
  4. 根据实例化策略以及得到的构造函数和构造函数参数实例化 bean

ConstructorResolver#resolveConstructorArguments

private int resolveConstructorArguments(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw,
ConstructorArgumentValues cargs, ConstructorArgumentValues resolvedValues) {
// 获取自定义类型转换器
TypeConverter customConverter = this.beanFactory.getCustomTypeConverter();
TypeConverter converter = (customConverter != null ? customConverter : bw);
// 如果没有自定义的转换器就用bw
BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver =
new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this.beanFactory, beanName, mbd, converter);
// minNrOfArgs初始化为indexedArgumentValues+genericArgumentValues的个数总和
int minNrOfArgs = cargs.getArgumentCount();
// 遍历IndexArgumentValues,这里的IndexArgumentValues就带下标的,如:<constructor-arg index="0" value="1"/>
for (Map.Entry<Integer, ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder> entry : cargs.getIndexedArgumentValues().entrySet()) {
int index = entry.getKey();
if (index < 0) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Invalid constructor argument index: " + index);
}
// 如果index大于minNrOfArgs,修改minNrOfArgs值
if (index > minNrOfArgs) {
// 因为index是构造函数下标值,所以总数这边要加1
minNrOfArgs = index + 1;
}
ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder valueHolder = entry.getValue();
// 如果参数类型已经转换过,直接添加进resolvedValues
if (valueHolder.isConverted()) {
resolvedValues.addIndexedArgumentValue(index, valueHolder);
}
// 参数类型没有转换过,进行转换
else {
Object resolvedValue =
valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary("constructor argument", valueHolder.getValue());
// 使用转换过的参数值构建ValueHolder
ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder resolvedValueHolder =
new ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder(resolvedValue, valueHolder.getType(), valueHolder.getName());
resolvedValueHolder.setSource(valueHolder);
// 添加进resolvedValues
resolvedValues.addIndexedArgumentValue(index, resolvedValueHolder);
}
}
// 遍历GenericArgumentValues并进行类型转换和上面一样,这里的GenericArgumentValues就是没有指定下标的,如:<constructor-arg value="1"/>
for (ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder valueHolder : cargs.getGenericArgumentValues()) {
if (valueHolder.isConverted()) {
resolvedValues.addGenericArgumentValue(valueHolder);
}
else {
Object resolvedValue =
valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary("constructor argument", valueHolder.getValue());
ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder resolvedValueHolder = new ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder(
resolvedValue, valueHolder.getType(), valueHolder.getName());
resolvedValueHolder.setSource(valueHolder);
resolvedValues.addGenericArgumentValue(resolvedValueHolder);
}
}
// 返回参数个数
return minNrOfArgs;
}

上面代码主要将 indexedArgumentValuesgenericArgumentValues 的值调用 resolveValueIfNecessary() 进行解析;resolveValueIfNecessary() 主要解析参数的类型,比如 ref 属性引用的 beanName 会通过 getBean() 返回实例。

ConstructorResolver#createArgumentArray

private ArgumentsHolder createArgumentArray(
String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable ConstructorArgumentValues resolvedValues,BeanWrapper bw, Class<?>[] paramTypes, @Nullable String[] paramNames, Executable executable,boolean autowiring, boolean fallback) throws UnsatisfiedDependencyException {
// 获取类型转换器
TypeConverter customConverter = this.beanFactory.getCustomTypeConverter();
TypeConverter converter = (customConverter != null ? customConverter : bw);
// 构建ArgumentsHolder
ArgumentsHolder args = new ArgumentsHolder(paramTypes.length);
Set<ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder> usedValueHolders = new HashSet<>(paramTypes.length);
Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
// 遍历参数类型数组
for (int paramIndex = 0; paramIndex < paramTypes.length; paramIndex++) {
// 获取参数类型和名称
Class<?> paramType = paramTypes[paramIndex];
String paramName = (paramNames != null ? paramNames[paramIndex] : "");
// Try to find matching constructor argument value, either indexed or generic.
ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder valueHolder = null;
if (resolvedValues != null) {
// 根据参数的下标、类型、名称查询是否有匹配的
valueHolder = resolvedValues.getArgumentValue(paramIndex, paramType, paramName, usedValueHolders);
// If we couldn't find a direct match and are not supposed to autowire,
// let's try the next generic, untyped argument value as fallback:
// it could match after type conversion (for example, String -> int).
// 没有匹配的 && 不是自动装配。尝试下一个通用的无类型参数值作为降级方法,它可以在类型转换后匹配 (例如,String -> int)
if (valueHolder == null && (!autowiring || paramTypes.length == resolvedValues.getArgumentCount())) {
valueHolder = resolvedValues.getGenericArgumentValue(null, null, usedValueHolders);
}
}
// 找到了匹配的valueHolder
if (valueHolder != null) {
// We found a potential match - let's give it a try.
// Do not consider the same value definition multiple times!
// 添加进usedValueHolders
usedValueHolders.add(valueHolder);
Object originalValue = valueHolder.getValue();
Object convertedValue;
// 类型已经转换过
if (valueHolder.isConverted()) {
// 获取已经转换过的值,作为args在paramIndex的预备参数
convertedValue = valueHolder.getConvertedValue();
args.preparedArguments[paramIndex] = convertedValue;
}
// 类型没有转换过
else {
// 将构造方法和参数下标封装成MethodParameter(MethodParameter是封装方法和参数索引的工具类)
MethodParameter methodParam = MethodParameter.forExecutable(executable, paramIndex);
try {
// 将原始值转换为paramType类型的值,无法转换时抛出异常
convertedValue = converter.convertIfNecessary(originalValue, paramType, methodParam);
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, new InjectionPoint(methodParam),
"Could not convert argument value of type [" +
ObjectUtils.nullSafeClassName(valueHolder.getValue()) +
"] to required type [" + paramType.getName() + "]: " + ex.getMessage());
}
Object sourceHolder = valueHolder.getSource();
if (sourceHolder instanceof ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder) {
Object sourceValue = ((ConstructorArgumentValues.ValueHolder) sourceHolder).getValue();
// 标记args需要解析
args.resolveNecessary = true;
// 将sourceValue作为args在paramIndex位置的预备参数
args.preparedArguments[paramIndex] = sourceValue;
}
}
// 将convertedValue作为args在paramIndex位置的参数
args.arguments[paramIndex] = convertedValue;
// 将originalValue作为args在paramIndex位置的原始参数
args.rawArguments[paramIndex] = originalValue;
}
// 没有找到匹配的valueHolder
else {
// 将构造方法和参数下标封装成MethodParameter
MethodParameter methodParam = MethodParameter.forExecutable(executable, paramIndex);
// No explicit match found: we're either supposed to autowire or
// have to fail creating an argument array for the given constructor.
// 找不到明确的匹配,并且不是自动注入,抛出异常
if (!autowiring) {
throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, new InjectionPoint(methodParam),
"Ambiguous argument values for parameter of type [" + paramType.getName() +
"] - did you specify the correct bean references as arguments?");
}
try {
// 如果是自动注入,用resolveAutowiredArgument()解析参数,见下文详解
// 构造函数自动注入中的参数bean就是在这边处理
Object autowiredArgument = resolveAutowiredArgument(
methodParam, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, converter, fallback);
// 将通过自动装配解析出来的参数赋值给args
args.rawArguments[paramIndex] = autowiredArgument;
args.arguments[paramIndex] = autowiredArgument;
args.preparedArguments[paramIndex] = autowiredArgumentMarker;
args.resolveNecessary = true;
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, new InjectionPoint(methodParam), ex);
}
}
}
// 如果依赖了其他的bean,则注册依赖关系(这边的autowiredBeanNames,就是所有依赖的beanName)
for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
this.beanFactory.registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName +
"' via " + (executable instanceof Constructor ? "constructor" : "factory method") +
" to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
}
}
// 返回解析后的参数值
return args;
}

上面代码判断构造函数如果有匹配的参数会转换成对应类型,如果没有匹配的参数,多半是构造函数自动注入,通过 resolveAutowiredArgument() 去查找 bean 并返回实例。

ConstructorResolver#resolveAutowiredArgument

protected Object resolveAutowiredArgument(MethodParameter param, String beanName,
@Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, TypeConverter typeConverter, boolean fallback) {
// 获取参数的类型
Class<?> paramType = param.getParameterType();
// 如果参数类型是InjectionPoint
if (InjectionPoint.class.isAssignableFrom(paramType)) {
// 拿到当前的InjectionPoint(存储了当前正在解析依赖的方法参数信息,DependencyDescriptor)
InjectionPoint injectionPoint = currentInjectionPoint.get();
if (injectionPoint == null) {
// 当前injectionPoint为空,则抛出异常:目前没有可用的InjectionPoint
throw new IllegalStateException("No current InjectionPoint available for " + param);
}
// 当前injectionPoint不为空,直接返回
return injectionPoint;
}
try {
// 解析指定依赖,DependencyDescriptor:将MethodParameter的方法参数索引信息封装成DependencyDescriptor,见下文详解
return this.beanFactory.resolveDependency(
new DependencyDescriptor(param, true), beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
}
catch (NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
if (fallback) {
// Single constructor or factory method -> let's return an empty array/collection
// for e.g. a vararg or a non-null List/Set/Map parameter.
if (paramType.isArray()) {
return Array.newInstance(paramType.getComponentType(), 0);
}
else if (CollectionFactory.isApproximableCollectionType(paramType)) {
return CollectionFactory.createCollection(paramType, 0);
}
else if (CollectionFactory.isApproximableMapType(paramType)) {
return CollectionFactory.createMap(paramType, 0);
}
}
throw ex;
}
}

上面代码我们一般只需要重点关注 this.beanFactory.resolveDependency() 这个方法,这个就是解决依赖注入的秘密所在。

DefaultListableBeanFactory#resolveDependency

public Object resolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String requestingBeanName,
@Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException { descriptor.initParameterNameDiscovery(getParameterNameDiscoverer());
// Optional类型的处理,说明Spring也可以注入Optional类型的参数
if (Optional.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
return createOptionalDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
}
// ObjectFactory或ObjectProvider类型的处理
else if (ObjectFactory.class == descriptor.getDependencyType() ||
ObjectProvider.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
return new DependencyObjectProvider(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
}
// javax.inject.Provider类型的处理
else if (javaxInjectProviderClass == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
return new Jsr330Factory().createDependencyProvider(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
}
else {
// 获取延迟解析代理
Object result = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getLazyResolutionProxyIfNecessary(
descriptor, requestingBeanName);
if (result == null) {
// 解析依赖,返回的result为最终需要注入的bean实例,见下文详解
result = doResolveDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
}
return result;
}
}

上面代码主要判断如果需要注入的 bean 的类型是 OptionalObjectFactoryObjectProviderProvider 会做特殊的处理,一般情况下注入的 bean 会走最后的 doResolveDependency()。 还有一个比较重要的参数 DependencyDescriptor,这个类就是依赖描述符,存储了需要注入 bean 的类型、构造器参数的下标(构造器注入该值不为空)、是否必需、字段名称(字段注入该值不为空)、方法名称(setter 方法注入该值不为空)等。

DefaultListableBeanFactory#doResolveDependency

public Object doResolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String beanName,@Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {

    InjectionPoint previousInjectionPoint = ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(descriptor);
try {
// 获取需要注入bean的快捷方式,不为空直接返回
Object shortcut = descriptor.resolveShortcut(this);
if (shortcut != null) {
return shortcut;
}
// 获取需要注入bean的类型
Class<?> type = descriptor.getDependencyType();
// 用于支持Spring中新增的注解@Value(确定给定的依赖项是否声明@Value注解,如果有则拿到值)
Object value = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getSuggestedValue(descriptor);
if (value != null) {
if (value instanceof String) {
String strVal = resolveEmbeddedValue((String) value);
BeanDefinition bd = (beanName != null && containsBean(beanName) ?
getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName) : null);
value = evaluateBeanDefinitionString(strVal, bd);
}
TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
try {
return converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getTypeDescriptor());
}
catch (UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
// A custom TypeConverter which does not support TypeDescriptor resolution...
return (descriptor.getField() != null ?
converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getField()) :converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getMethodParameter()));
}
}
// 解析MultipleBean,例如 Array,Collection,Map
Object multipleBeans = resolveMultipleBeans(descriptor, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
if (multipleBeans != null) {
return multipleBeans;
}
// 根据类型找到匹配的bean,matchingBeans(key: beanName value: 如果bean已经缓存了实例(例如单例bean会缓存其实例),
// 就是bean的实例,否则就是对应的class对象)
Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
// 没有找到匹配的bean,判断是不是必需的,不是直接返回null,否则抛出异常
if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
}
return null;
} String autowiredBeanName;
Object instanceCandidate;
// 如果有多个匹配的候选者
if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) {
// 判断最佳的候选者,也就是寻找最匹配的beanName
autowiredBeanName = determineAutowireCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor);
if (autowiredBeanName == null) {
if (isRequired(descriptor) || !indicatesMultipleBeans(type)) {
return descriptor.resolveNotUnique(descriptor.getResolvableType(), matchingBeans);
}
else {
// In case of an optional Collection/Map, silently ignore a non-unique case:
// possibly it was meant to be an empty collection of multiple regular beans
// (before 4.3 in particular when we didn't even look for collection beans).
return null;
}
}
// 拿到autowiredBeanName对应的value(bean实例或bean实例类型)
instanceCandidate = matchingBeans.get(autowiredBeanName);
}
else {
// We have exactly one match.
// 只找到一个符合的bean
Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = matchingBeans.entrySet().iterator().next();
autowiredBeanName = entry.getKey();
instanceCandidate = entry.getValue();
} if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
// 将依赖的beanName添加到autowiredBeanNames中
autowiredBeanNames.add(autowiredBeanName);
}
// 如果需要注入的bean没有缓存实例,那么instanceCandidate是一个Class对象,再根据getBean()去获取对应的实例
if (instanceCandidate instanceof Class) {
instanceCandidate = descriptor.resolveCandidate(autowiredBeanName, type, this);
}
Object result = instanceCandidate;
if (result instanceof NullBean) {
if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
}
result = null;
}
if (!ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(type, result)) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(autowiredBeanName, type, instanceCandidate.getClass());
}
// 返回最终需要注入的bean实例
return result;
}
finally {
ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(previousInjectionPoint);
}
}

上面代码才是真正去获取需要注入的 bean,大概分为以下几个步骤:

  1. 查看是否有快捷方式获取注入 bean 是否为空,不为空直接返回。这里的快捷方式是通过继承 DependencyDescriptor 并重写 resolveShortcut() 来实现。

  2. 如果参数使用 @Value 注解修饰了,如果获取到值直接返回。

  3. 解析 MultipleBean,这里的 MultipleBean 一般是 ArrayCollectionMap 这种,不为空直接返回。

  4. 根据类型找到所有匹配的 beanmatchingBeanskeybeanNamevalue 的值有两种情况,如果bean已经缓存了实例(例如单例bean会缓存其实例),就是bean的实例,否则就是对应的class对象)。

  5. matchingBeans 为空,判断需要注入的 bean 是否是必须的,如果是抛出异常,否则返回 null

  6. matchingBeans 长度大于1,代表有多个候选者;选择最佳的候选者,规则是:

    1. 首先查找 primary 属性为 true 的。
    2. 查找优先级最高的,实现 PriorityOrdered 接口或者标注 @Priority 注解的。
    3. 查找名称匹配的。
  7. 只有一个候选者,直接使用。

  8. 如果需要注入的 bean 没有缓存实例,那么 instanceCandidate是一个 Class 对象,再根据 getBean() 去获取对应的实例。

  9. 最终返回需要注入的 bean 实例。

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors

protected void applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(RootBeanDefinition mbd, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor bdp = (MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) bp;
bdp.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
}
}

上面代码很简单,无非就是拿到所有注册的 BeanPostProcessor ,然后遍历判断是否是 MeragedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor 类型,是的话进行 BeanDefinition 合并后的方法回调,在这个回调方法内你可以对指定 beanBeanDefinition 做一些修改。

下面我们简单看一下 MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor 接口中的方法:

public interface MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor extends BeanPostProcessor {

    /**
* 对指定bean的BeanDefinition合并后的处理方法回调
*/
void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName); /**
* 通知已重新设置指定beanName的BeanDefinition,如果实现该方法应该清除受影响的bean的所有元数据
* @since 5.1
*/
default void resetBeanDefinition(String beanName) { } }

DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry#addSingletonFactory

protected void addSingletonFactory(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
Assert.notNull(singletonFactory, "Singleton factory must not be null");
// 加锁
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
// 如果单例bean缓存中不包含当前beanName
if (!this.singletonObjects.containsKey(beanName)) {
// 将创建实例的ObjectFactory加入到缓存中
this.singletonFactories.put(beanName, singletonFactory);
// 将bean从早起单例bean缓存中移除
this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName);
// 将beanName加入到已经注册过的单例bean缓存中
this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);
}
}
}

上面代码将 ObjectFactory 加入 singletonFactories 缓存中,以下是 singletonFactories 的声明:

/** Cache of singleton factories: bean name to ObjectFactory. */
private final Map<String, ObjectFactory<?>> singletonFactories = new HashMap<>(16);

下面以一个简单的AB循环依赖为例,类A中含有属性类B,而类B中又会含有属性类A。那么初始化 beanA 的过程如下图所示:

Spring 解决循环依赖的方法就在 addSingletonFactory()getBean() 方法中。首先创建 beanA 时,将实例化好的 beanA 封装成 ObjectFactory 放入 singletonFactories 缓存中,接着进行属性填充;因为依赖 beanB 所以先去实例化 beanB ,接着 beanB 属性填充,发现需要 beanA 就调用 getBean() 去获取 beanA 实例。上篇文章讲过 getBean() 会首先判断缓存中是否有已经创建好的 bean 或者是 beanFactory,如下代码所示:

protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
// 检查单例传中是否存在
Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
// 如果为空,并且当前bean正在创建中,锁定全局变量进行处理
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
// 当某些方法需要提前初始化时则会调用addSingletonFactory方法将对应的
ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
if (singletonFactory != null) {
// 调用预先设定的getObject(),此时就会返回未填充属性的beanA
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
}
}
}
}
return singletonObject;
}

因为 beanAbeanB 中的 beanA 所表示的属性地址是一样的,所以在 beanA 中创建好的属性填充自然可以通过 beanB 中的 beanA 获取,这样就解决了循环依赖的问题。

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#getEarlyBeanReference

protected Object getEarlyBeanReference(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object bean) {
Object exposedObject = bean;
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
exposedObject = ibp.getEarlyBeanReference(exposedObject, beanName);
}
}
}
return exposedObject;
}

上面代码很简单,就是判断是否有注册 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 的实现,如果有遍历找到类型是 SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 调用 getEarlyBeanReference() 返回 bean 的实例。

这里又是一个 Spring 的扩展点,其中我们熟知的 AOP 就是在这里将 advice 动态织入 bean 中,若没有则直接返回 bean,不做任何处理。

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#populateBean

protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
if (bw == null) {
if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
} else {
// Skip property population phase for null instance.
return;
}
} // Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
// to support styles of field injection.
// 给InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors最后一次机会在属性设置前来改变bean
// 例如:可以用来支持属性注入的类型
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
// 这里会调用bean实例化后的生命周期回调,返回false会跳过下面的属性赋值阶段
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
return;
}
}
}
}
// 获取PropertyValues
PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null); int resolvedAutowireMode = mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode();
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
// 根据名称自动注入,见下文详解
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
// 根据类型自动注入,见下文详解
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
pvs = newPvs;
} // 是否有注册InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors的实现类
boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE); PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null;
if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
if (pvs == null) {
pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
}
// 遍历并找到InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的实现类,调用处理属性值的后置处理方法
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
PropertyValues pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvsToUse == null) {
if (filteredPds == null) {
filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
}
pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
// 如果属性值的后置处理方法返回null,直接返回,不会进行底下的属性值应用阶段
if (pvsToUse == null) {
return;
}
}
pvs = pvsToUse;
}
}
}
if (needsDepCheck) {
if (filteredPds == null) {
filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
}
checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
} if (pvs != null) {
// 属性填充,见下文详解
applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}
}

上面代码首先会调用 bean 的实例化后生命周期回调方法,如果返回 false 会跳过下面的属性赋值阶段。下面我们简单看一下 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors 的接口定义:

public interface InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends BeanPostProcessor {

	/**
* Bean 实例化前调用,返回非 {@code null} IoC 容器不会对 Bean 进行实例化 并且后续的生命周期回调方 * 法不会调用,返回 {@code null} 则进行 IoC 容器对 Bean 的实例化
* 该方法上篇文章分析过
*/
@Nullable
default Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return null;
} /**
* Bean 实例化之后,属性填充之前调用,返回 {@code true} 则进行默认的属性填充步骤,返回 {@code * false} 会跳过属性填充阶段。
*/
default boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return true;
} /**
* Bean 实例化后属性赋值前调用,PropertyValues 是已经封装好的设置的属性值,返回 {@code null} 继续
* 使用现有属性,否则会替换 PropertyValues。
* @since 5.1版本新加的和底下的方法一样
*/
@Nullable
default PropertyValues postProcessProperties(PropertyValues pvs, Object bean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
return null;
} /**
* 跟上面方法一样的功能,只不过是5.1以前版本所使用的
* 返回 {@code null} 会跳过属性填充阶段
*/
@Deprecated
@Nullable
default PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(
PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException { return pvs;
} }

接着判断是否是按 名称 或者 类型 自动注入属性并填入 newPvs 中,接着调用 bean 属性填充前的生命周期回调。属性填充前生命周期回调方法有两个 postProcessProperties()postProcessPropertyValues(),第一个是 Spring 5.1 新加的,后面的是老的,已经被标记为过时;首先会调用 postProcessProperties() 如果返回空调用 postProcessPropertyValues(),否则直接使用返回的 PropertyValuespostProcessPropertyValues() 如果返回空会直接跳过属性填充阶段,不为空直接使用返回的 PropertyValues

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#autowireByName

protected void autowireByName(
String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {
// 寻找bw中需要依赖注入的属性名称
String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
// 遍历需要注入的bean
for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
if (containsBean(propertyName)) {
Object bean = getBean(propertyName);
// 将需要注入bean的实例加入到pvs
pvs.add(propertyName, bean);
// 注册依赖关系,上篇文章有分析过
registerDependentBean(propertyName, beanName);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Added autowiring by name from bean name '" + beanName +
"' via property '" + propertyName + "' to bean named '" + propertyName + "'");
}
} else {
// 当前需要注入的bean,抛出异常
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Not autowiring property '" + propertyName + "' of bean '" + beanName + "' by name: no matching bean found");
}
}
}
}

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#autowireByType

protected void autowireByType(String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {

    TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
if (converter == null) {
converter = bw;
} Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
// 寻找bw中需要依赖注入的属性名称
String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
try {
PropertyDescriptor pd = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName);
// Don't try autowiring by type for type Object: never makes sense,
// even if it technically is a unsatisfied, non-simple property.
// 根据类型注入永远不要注入Object类型,你细细地品一下
if (Object.class != pd.getPropertyType()) {
// 获取属性的可写方法,一般是set方法
MethodParameter methodParam = BeanUtils.getWriteMethodParameter(pd);
// Do not allow eager init for type matching in case of a prioritized post-processor.
boolean eager = !(bw.getWrappedInstance() instanceof PriorityOrdered);
DependencyDescriptor desc = new AutowireByTypeDependencyDescriptor(methodParam, eager);
// 这个方法上面分析过,这里不再赘述,最后返回符合条件需要注入的bean实例
Object autowiredArgument = resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, converter);
if (autowiredArgument != null) {
// 需要注入的bean实例不为空,加入到pvc
pvs.add(propertyName, autowiredArgument);
}
for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
// 注册依赖关系,上篇文章分析过方法
registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName + "' via property '" +
propertyName + "' to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
}
}
autowiredBeanNames.clear();
}
} catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, propertyName, ex);
}
}
}

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#applyPropertyValues

protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
// 属性为空,直接返回
if (pvs.isEmpty()) {
return;
} if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
} MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
List<PropertyValue> original; if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
// 快捷方式,如果属性已经转换过,直接填充进BeanWrapper
if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
// Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
try {
bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
return;
} catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}
// 属性没有转换过,获取属性列表
original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
} else {
// 获取属性列表
original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
} TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
if (converter == null) {
converter = bw;
}
// 获取对应的解析器
BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter); // Create a deep copy, resolving any references for values.
// 创建深拷贝,解决引用的问题
List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<>(original.size());
boolean resolveNecessary = false;
// 遍历属性,将属性转换为对应的类型
for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
// 如果pv类型转换过,直接添加进deepCopy
if (pv.isConverted()) {
deepCopy.add(pv);
} else {
// 进行转换
// 拿到pv原始属性名和属性值
String propertyName = pv.getName();
Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
if (originalValue == AutowiredPropertyMarker.INSTANCE) {
Method writeMethod = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName).getWriteMethod();
if (writeMethod == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Autowire marker for property without write method: " + pv);
}
originalValue = new DependencyDescriptor(new MethodParameter(writeMethod, 0), true);
}
// 进行类型转换
Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
!PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
if (convertible) {
// 如果可转换,则转换指定目标属性的给定值
convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
}
// Possibly store converted value in merged bean definition,
// in order to avoid re-conversion for every created bean instance.
// 在合并的BeanDefinition中存储转换后的值,以避免为每个创建的bean实例重新转换
if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
if (convertible) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
}
deepCopy.add(pv);
} else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
!((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
!(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
deepCopy.add(pv);
} else {
resolveNecessary = true;
deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
}
}
}
if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
mpvs.setConverted();
} // Set our (possibly massaged) deep copy.
try {
// 填充bean属性值
bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
} catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}

上面代码主要就是进行属性的类型转换,最后填充 bean 的属性值,这里一般就是利用反射使用 set() 去给属性赋值。

AbstractAutoCapableBeanFactory#initializeBean

protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
} else {
// BeanAware的接口回调,见下文详解
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
} Object wrappedBean = bean;
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
// BeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization()回调,也就是bean初始化前的回调
// 在 ApplicationContextAwareProcessor实现的postProcessBeforeInitialization方法中会执行
// ApplicationContext Aware的接口回调。
// InitDestoryAnnotationBeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization()中会执行
// 标注了@PostConstruct注解的方法。
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
} try {
// 调用bean的自定义初始化方法,如afterPropertiesSet,XML中的init属性指定的方法等
invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
}
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
// BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization()回调,也就是bean初始化后的回调
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
} return wrappedBean;
}

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#invokeAwareMethods

private void invokeAwareMethods(final String beanName, final Object bean) {
if (bean instanceof Aware) {
// BeanNameAware接口方法回调
if (bean instanceof BeanNameAware) {
((BeanNameAware) bean).setBeanName(beanName);
}
// BeanClassLoaderAware接口方法回调
if (bean instanceof BeanClassLoaderAware) {
ClassLoader bcl = getBeanClassLoader();
if (bcl != null) {
((BeanClassLoaderAware) bean).setBeanClassLoader(bcl);
}
}
// BeanFactoryAware接口方法回调
if (bean instanceof BeanFactoryAware) {
((BeanFactoryAware)
bean).setBeanFactory(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.this);
}
}
}

实现这些 Aware 接口的 bean 的被初始化之前,可以取得一些相对应的资源,比如 beanNamebeanFactory 等。

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization

public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName) throws BeansException {

    Object result = existingBean;
// 遍历所有注册的BeanPostProcessor实现类,调用postProcessBeforeInitialization方法
for (BeanPostProcessor processor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
// 在bean初始化方法执行前,调用postProcessBeforeInitialization方法
Object current = processor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName);
if (current == null) {
return result;
}
result = current;
}
return result;
}

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#invokeInitMethods

protected void invokeInitMethods(String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd)
throws Throwable { // bean是否实现InitializingBean接口
boolean isInitializingBean = (bean instanceof InitializingBean);
if (isInitializingBean && (mbd == null || !mbd.isExternallyManagedInitMethod("afterPropertiesSet"))) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Invoking afterPropertiesSet() on bean with name '" + beanName + "'");
}
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
try {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>) () -> {
((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet();
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
} catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
throw pae.getException();
}
} else {
// 调用afterPropertiesSet方法
((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet();
}
} // 调用自定义的init方法,例如XML中init-method属性设置的方法
if (mbd != null && bean.getClass() != NullBean.class) {
String initMethodName = mbd.getInitMethodName();
if (StringUtils.hasLength(initMethodName) &&
!(isInitializingBean && "afterPropertiesSet".equals(initMethodName)) &&
!mbd.isExternallyManagedInitMethod(initMethodName)) {
invokeCustomInitMethod(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
}
}

综合上面的代码来看,bean 初始化阶段流程主要如下:

  1. @PostConstruct 注解修饰的方法,前提是注解驱动
  2. 实现 InitializingBean 接口的 afterPropertySet()
  3. 自定义初始化方法,例如 XML 中的 init-method 属性设置的方法

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization

public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
throws BeansException { Object result = existingBean;
// 遍历所有注册的BeanPostProcessor实现类,调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法
for (BeanPostProcessor processor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
// 在bean初始化方法执行后,调用postProcessBeforeInitialization方法
Object current = processor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName);
if (current == null) {
return result;
}
result = current;
}
return result;
}

下面我们简单看一下 BeanPostProcessor 接口,如下:

public interface BeanPostProcessor {

	@Nullable
default Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
} @Nullable
default Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
} }

BeanPostProcessor 接口比较简单,就提供了两个接口回调,一个初始化前,一个初始化后。但是其它的 PostProcessor 大部门以此为基础,继承自 BeanPostProcessor

AbstractBeanFactory#registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary

protected void registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(String beanName, Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
AccessControlContext acc = (System.getSecurityManager() != null ? getAccessControlContext() : null);
// bean的作用域不是原型 && bean需要在关闭时销毁
if (!mbd.isPrototype() && requiresDestruction(bean, mbd)) {
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
// Register a DisposableBean implementation that performs all destruction
// work for the given bean: DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors,
// 单例模式下注册用于销毁的bean到disposableBeans缓存,执行给定bean的所有销毁工作:
// DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors,DisposableBean接口,自定义销毁方法
// DisposableBeanAdapter:使用DisposableBeanAdapter来封装用于销毁的bean
// 见下文详解
registerDisposableBean(beanName,
new DisposableBeanAdapter(bean, beanName, mbd, getBeanPostProcessors(), acc));
}
else {
// A bean with a custom scope...
// bean是自定义作用域
Scope scope = this.scopes.get(mbd.getScope());
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + mbd.getScope() + "'");
}
// 注册一个回调,在销毁时执行,执行时机自己去管理,Spring不会帮忙调用
scope.registerDestructionCallback(beanName,
new DisposableBeanAdapter(bean, beanName, mbd, getBeanPostProcessors(), acc));
}
}
}

DisposableBeanAdapter构造函数

public DisposableBeanAdapter(Object bean, String beanName, RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, List<BeanPostProcessor> postProcessors, @Nullable AccessControlContext acc) {

    Assert.notNull(bean, "Disposable bean must not be null");
this.bean = bean;
this.beanName = beanName;
// 判断bean是否要调用DisposableBean的destroy方法
this.invokeDisposableBean =
(this.bean instanceof DisposableBean &&
!beanDefinition.isExternallyManagedDestroyMethod("destroy"));
this.nonPublicAccessAllowed = beanDefinition.isNonPublicAccessAllowed();
this.acc = acc;
// 获取自定义的destroy方法名,赋值给destroyMethodName
String destroyMethodName = inferDestroyMethodIfNecessary(bean, beanDefinition);
if (destroyMethodName != null && !(this.invokeDisposableBean && "destroy".equals(destroyMethodName)) &&
!beanDefinition.isExternallyManagedDestroyMethod(destroyMethodName)) {
// 获取自定义的destroy方法名赋值给destroyMethodName
this.destroyMethodName = destroyMethodName;
Method destroyMethod = determineDestroyMethod(destroyMethodName);
// 如果判定后的destroyMethod为空,抛出异常
if (destroyMethod == null) {
if (beanDefinition.isEnforceDestroyMethod()) {
throw new BeanDefinitionValidationException("Could not find a destroy method named '" +
destroyMethodName + "' on bean with name '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
// 如果判定后的destroyMethod不为空
else {
// 获取destroyMethod的方法参数
Class<?>[] paramTypes = destroyMethod.getParameterTypes();
// 参数长度大于1抛出异常,自定义的destroy方法最多只允许有一个boolean参数
if (paramTypes.length > 1) {
throw new BeanDefinitionValidationException("Method '" + destroyMethodName + "' of bean '" +
beanName + "' has more than one parameter - not supported as destroy method");
}
// 参数长度等于1 && 不是boolean类型,抛出异常
else if (paramTypes.length == 1 && boolean.class != paramTypes[0]) {
throw new BeanDefinitionValidationException("Method '" + destroyMethodName + "' of bean '" +
beanName + "' has a non-boolean parameter - not supported as destroy method");
}
destroyMethod = ClassUtils.getInterfaceMethodIfPossible(destroyMethod);
}
this.destroyMethod = destroyMethod;
}
// 查找DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors,并赋值给this.beanPostProcessors,见下文详解
this.beanPostProcessors = filterPostProcessors(postProcessors, bean);
}

DisposableBeanAdapter#filterPostProcessors

private List<DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor> filterPostProcessors(List<BeanPostProcessor> processors, Object bean) {
List<DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor> filteredPostProcessors = null;
// processors长度不为空
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(processors)) {
// 遍历processors
for (BeanPostProcessor processor : processors) {
// 如果processor的类型是DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor
if (processor instanceof DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor dabpp = (DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor) processor;
// 如果bean实际需要通过此后置处理器进行销毁,则添加到filteredPostProcessors
if (dabpp.requiresDestruction(bean)) {
filteredPostProcessors.add(dabpp);
}
}
}
}
return filteredPostProcessors;
}

上面的代码主要就是判断如果 BeanPostProcessorDestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor 并且 requiresDestruction() 返回 true 代表需要通过后置处理器进行销毁实例,将该 BeanPostProcessor 添加到 filteredPostProcessors 中。

下面我们简单看一下 DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口的定义:

public interface DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor extends BeanPostProcessor {

	/**
* bean 销毁前阶段生命周期回调方法
*/
void postProcessBeforeDestruction(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException; /**
* bean 实例是否要由此后置处理器进行实例的销毁
*/
default boolean requiresDestruction(Object bean) {
return true;
} }

可以看到其也是继承于 BeanPostProcessor,主要提供两个方法一个是 bean 销毁前的生命周期方法回调,另一个是判定 bean 实例是否要由此后置处理器进行实例的销毁。

DefaultListableBeanFactory#destroySingletons

因为基本上 BeanFactory 就只会使用 DefaultListableBeanFactory 这一个最终实现,所以我们这里分析一下这里的销毁单例 bean 的方法。

public void destroySingletons() {
// 调用父类的销毁所有单例bean方法
super.destroySingletons();
updateManualSingletonNames(Set::clear, set -> !set.isEmpty());
// 清除所有bean类型的缓存
clearByTypeCache();
} // DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java
public void destroySingletons() {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Destroying singletons in " + this);
}
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction = true;
} String[] disposableBeanNames;
// 获取所有需要销毁的bean
synchronized (this.disposableBeans) {
disposableBeanNames = StringUtils.toStringArray(this.disposableBeans.keySet());
}
// 根据注册顺序,倒着遍历,销毁bean
for (int i = disposableBeanNames.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
destroySingleton(disposableBeanNames[i]);
} this.containedBeanMap.clear();
this.dependentBeanMap.clear();
this.dependenciesForBeanMap.clear();
// 从缓存中清除所有单例实例
clearSingletonCache();
} // DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java
public void destroySingleton(String beanName) {
// Remove a registered singleton of the given name, if any.
// 从缓存中清除所有当前beanName单例实例
removeSingleton(beanName); // Destroy the corresponding DisposableBean instance.
DisposableBean disposableBean;
// 加锁,从disposableBeans中将当前bean移除
synchronized (this.disposableBeans) {
disposableBean = (DisposableBean) this.disposableBeans.remove(beanName);
}
// 销毁bean
destroyBean(beanName, disposableBean);
} protected void destroyBean(String beanName, @Nullable DisposableBean bean) {
// Trigger destruction of dependent beans first...
Set<String> dependencies;
// 加锁,从dependentBeanMap中移除当前bean
synchronized (this.dependentBeanMap) {
// Within full synchronization in order to guarantee a disconnected Set
dependencies = this.dependentBeanMap.remove(beanName);
}
if (dependencies != null) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Retrieved dependent beans for bean '" + beanName + "': " + dependencies);
}
// dependencies不为空,说明,当前bean有其它依赖的bean,遍历去销毁
for (String dependentBeanName : dependencies) {
destroySingleton(dependentBeanName);
}
} // Actually destroy the bean now...
// bean不为空,调用destroy方法真正的开始进行销毁
if (bean != null) {
try {
bean.destroy();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Destruction of bean with name '" + beanName + "' threw an exception", ex);
}
}
} // Trigger destruction of contained beans...
Set<String> containedBeans;
synchronized (this.containedBeanMap) {
// Within full synchronization in order to guarantee a disconnected Set
containedBeans = this.containedBeanMap.remove(beanName);
}
if (containedBeans != null) {
for (String containedBeanName : containedBeans) {
destroySingleton(containedBeanName);
}
} // Remove destroyed bean from other beans' dependencies.
synchronized (this.dependentBeanMap) {
for (Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Set<String>>> it = this.dependentBeanMap.entrySet().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Map.Entry<String, Set<String>> entry = it.next();
Set<String> dependenciesToClean = entry.getValue();
dependenciesToClean.remove(beanName);
if (dependenciesToClean.isEmpty()) {
it.remove();
}
}
} // Remove destroyed bean's prepared dependency information.
this.dependenciesForBeanMap.remove(beanName);
}

DisposableBeanAdapter#destroy

public void destroy() {
// 如果beanPostProcessors不为空
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.beanPostProcessors)) {
// 遍历beanPostProcessors调用postProcessBeforeDestruction()
for (DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor processor : this.beanPostProcessors) {
processor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(this.bean, this.beanName);
}
} if (this.invokeDisposableBean) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Invoking destroy() on bean with name '" + this.beanName + "'");
}
try {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>) () -> {
((DisposableBean) this.bean).destroy();
return null;
}, this.acc);
}
else {
// 调用实现了DisposableBean的destroy()
((DisposableBean) this.bean).destroy();
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
String msg = "Invocation of destroy method failed on bean with name '" + this.beanName + "'";
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.warn(msg, ex);
}
else {
logger.warn(msg + ": " + ex);
}
}
}
// 调用自定义的destroy方法
if (this.destroyMethod != null) {
invokeCustomDestroyMethod(this.destroyMethod);
}
else if (this.destroyMethodName != null) {
Method methodToInvoke = determineDestroyMethod(this.destroyMethodName);
if (methodToInvoke != null) { invokeCustomDestroyMethod(ClassUtils.getInterfaceMethodIfPossible(methodToInvoke));
}
}
}

总得来说上面方法主要分为三步:

  1. 回调实现了 DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口的 postProcessBeforeDestruction 方法,InitDestoryAnnotationBeanPostProcessorpostProcessBeforeDestruction() 中会执行标注了 @PreDestory 注解的方法。

  2. 调用实现了 DisposableBean 接口的 destroy()

  3. 调用自定义实现的 destroyMethod,例如 XML 中的 destory 属性指定的方法

总结

本文主要介绍了 createBean() 流程,我们可以重新梳理一下思路:

  1. 进行 bean 的实例化前方法回调,如果返回非空,跳过后面步骤
  2. 创建 bean 的实例,如果是构造函数注入会选择最适合的构造函数进行参数自动注入,否则调用默认的无参构造进行实例化 bean
  3. 如果 bean 允许提前曝光,将 beanName 对应的 ObjectFactory 放入 singletonFactories 缓存中。
  4. bean 的属性赋值阶段,首先调用 bean 实例化后方法回调,返回 false 会跳过后面的赋值阶段;判断是否是按照名称或者类型自动注入,是则进行属性自动注入。接着调用处理属性值的后置处理方法,首先调用Spring5.1版本新加的方法,如果返回的属性为空,再调用以前版本的方法,如果为空,直接返回,没必要再走后面的实际赋值阶段。
  5. bean 的初始化阶段,首先是调用可以获取相应资源的一些 Aware 接口;然后调用 bean 初始化前回调方法 ( InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessorpostProcessBeforeInitialization() 中会执行

    标注了 @PostConstruct 注解的方法),接着调用重写的 afterPropertiesSet() 和自定义的初始化方法;最后进行 bean 初始化后回调方法。
  6. 注册销毁 bean 的方法。
  7. 最后返回 bean 的实例。

最后,我模仿 Spring 写了一个精简版,代码会持续更新。地址:https://github.com/leisurexi/tiny-spring。访问新博客地址,观看效果更佳 https://leisurexi.github.io/

参考

  • 《Spring 源码深度解析》—— 郝佳

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