Spring: aop自动标注时出现 “0 formal unbound in pointcut"

异常代码信息：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService' defined in class path resource [cn/czk/test06/bean.xml]: Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: error at :: formal unbound in pointcut
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:)
at cn.czk.test06.App.fun(App.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$(ParentRunner.java:)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: error at :: formal unbound in pointcut
at org.aspectj.weaver.tools.PointcutParser.parsePointcutExpression(PointcutParser.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut.buildPointcutExpression(AspectJExpressionPointcut.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut.checkReadyToMatch(AspectJExpressionPointcut.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut.getClassFilter(AspectJExpressionPointcut.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.canApply(AopUtils.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.canApply(AopUtils.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(AopUtils.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.findEligibleAdvisors(AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAutoProxyCreator.wrapIfNecessary(AbstractAutoProxyCreator.java:)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAutoProxyCreator.postProcessAfterInitialization(AbstractAutoProxyCreator.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:)
...  more

一般发生这样的错误的原因，是由于你的通知方法有参数，需要在@Pointcut( "execution(* com.fishwasser.action.UserAction.*(..))" ) 添加args()。

如果是@AfterReturning，那么就需要配置returning参数。如：

   /**
     * 日志记录功能
     */
    @AfterReturning(returning="result" ,pointcut="execution(* cn..*.*Service.*(..))")
    public void log(Object result){
        if(result ==null){
            System.out.println("数据库中无结果...");
        }else{
            System.out.println("数据库中有结果...");
        }
    }

如果是@AfterThrowing ，那么需要配置throwing参数。如下代码：

   /**
     * 模拟异常处理
     */
    @AfterThrowing(pointcut="execution(* cn..*.*Service.*(..))",throwing="ex")
    public void processException(Throwable ex){
        System.out.println("异常信息为："+ex.getMessage());
    }