【1】涉及的知识点

1) windows消息处理函数

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protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)

捕获Message的系统硬件改变发出的系统消息

2) 硬件信息类

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DriveInfo

【2】核心函数

消息常量：

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/// <summary>
/// windows消息常量
/// </summary>
class CWndProMsgConst
{
    public const int WM_DEVICECHANGE = 0x219; // 系统硬件改变发出的系统消息
    public const int DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL = 0x8000;// 设备检测结束，并且可以使用
    public const int DBT_CONFIGCHANGECANCELED = 0x0019;
    public const int DBT_CONFIGCHANGED = 0x0018;
    public const int DBT_CUSTOMEVENT = 0x8006;
    public const int DBT_DEVICEQUERYREMOVE = 0x8001;
    public const int DBT_DEVICEQUERYREMOVEFAILED = 0x8002;
    public const int DBT_DEVICEREMOVECOMPLETE = 0x8004;// 设备卸载或者拔出
    public const int DBT_DEVICEREMOVEPENDING = 0x8003;
    public const int DBT_DEVICETYPEHANGED = 0x0007;
    public const int DBT_QUERYCHANGSPECIFIC = 0x8005;
    public const int DBT_DEVNODES_CECONFIG = 0x0017;
    public const int DBT_USERDEFINED = 0xFFFF;
}   

扫描函数：

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/// <summary>
/// 扫描U口设备
/// </summary>
private void ScanUSBDisk()
{
    _usbdiskList.Clear();
    DriveInfo[] drives = DriveInfo.GetDrives();
 
    foreach (DriveInfo drive in drives)
    {
        if ((drive.DriveType == DriveType.Removable) && !drive.Name.Substring(0, 1).Equals("A"))
        {
            try
            {
                _usbdiskList.Add(drive.Name);
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("当前盘不能正确识别，请重新尝试！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }
        }
    }
}

消息处理函数：

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public void FillData(Form form, Message m, ListBox listbox)
{
    _listbox = listbox;
    _form    = form;
 
    try
    {
        if (m.Msg == CWndProMsgConst.WM_DEVICECHANGE) // 系统硬件改变发出的系统消息
        {
            switch (m.WParam.ToInt32())
            {
                case CWndProMsgConst.WM_DEVICECHANGE:
                    break;
                //设备检测结束，并且可以使用
                case CWndProMsgConst.DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL:
                    {
                        ScanUSBDisk();
                        _listbox.Items.Clear();
                        foreach (string str in _usbdiskList)
                        {
                            _listbox.Items.Add(str);
                        }                               
                    }
                    break;
                // 设备卸载或者拔出
                case CWndProMsgConst.DBT_DEVICEREMOVECOMPLETE:
                    {
                        ScanUSBDisk();
                        _listbox.Items.Clear();
                        foreach (string str in _usbdiskList)
                        {
                            _listbox.Items.Add(str);
                        }
                    }                          
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("当前盘不能正确识别，请重新尝试！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
    }
}          

完整的CS封装文件：

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
using System.IO;
 
namespace USBMonitor
{
    /// <summary>
    /// USB插拔监控类
    /// </summary>
    public class CUSBMonitor
    {
        private delegate void SetTextCallback(string s);
        private IList<string> _usbdiskList = new List<string>();
        private ListBox _listbox = null;
        private Form    _form  = null;
 
        public CUSBMonitor()
        {
            System.Timers.Timer timer = new System.Timers.Timer(1000);
            timer.Enabled = true;
 
            // 达到间隔时发生
            timer.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(TimerList);
            timer.AutoReset = false; // 仅在间隔第一次结束后引发一次         
        }
 
        public void FillData(Form form, Message m, ListBox listbox)
        {
            _listbox = listbox;
            _form    = form;
 
            try
            {
                if (m.Msg == CWndProMsgConst.WM_DEVICECHANGE) // 系统硬件改变发出的系统消息
                {
                    switch (m.WParam.ToInt32())
                    {
                        case CWndProMsgConst.WM_DEVICECHANGE:
                            break;
                        //设备检测结束，并且可以使用
                        case CWndProMsgConst.DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL:
                            {
                                ScanUSBDisk();
                                _listbox.Items.Clear();
                                foreach (string str in _usbdiskList)
                                {
                                    _listbox.Items.Add(str);
                                }                               
                            }
                            break;
                        // 设备卸载或者拔出
                        case CWndProMsgConst.DBT_DEVICEREMOVECOMPLETE:
                            {
                                ScanUSBDisk();
                                _listbox.Items.Clear();
                                foreach (string str in _usbdiskList)
                                {
                                    _listbox.Items.Add(str);
                                }
                            }                          
                            break;
                        default:
                            break;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("当前盘不能正确识别，请重新尝试！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }
        }          
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置USB列表
        /// </summary>
        void TimerList(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)
        {
            ScanUSBDisk();
            foreach (string str in _usbdiskList)
            {
                SetText(str);
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 扫描U口设备
        /// </summary>
        private void ScanUSBDisk()
        {
            _usbdiskList.Clear();
            DriveInfo[] drives = DriveInfo.GetDrives();
 
            foreach (DriveInfo drive in drives)
            {
                if ((drive.DriveType == DriveType.Removable) && !drive.Name.Substring(0, 1).Equals("A"))
                {
                    try
                    {
                        _usbdiskList.Add(drive.Name);
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("当前盘不能正确识别，请重新尝试！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置List列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text">名称
        public void SetText(string text)
        {
            if (_listbox == null)
                return;
 
            if (this._listbox.InvokeRequired) // 调用方位于创建控件所在的线程以外的线程中
            {
                if (_listbox.Items.Contains(text))
                    return;
 
                SetTextCallback d = new SetTextCallback(SetText);
                _form.Invoke(d, new object[] { text });
            }
            else
            {
                if (_listbox.Items.Contains(text))
                    return;
 
                this._listbox.Items.Add(text);
            }
        }
    }
 
    /// <summary>
    /// windows消息常量
    /// </summary>
    class CWndProMsgConst
    {
        public const int WM_DEVICECHANGE = 0x219; // 系统硬件改变发出的系统消息
        public const int DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL = 0x8000;// 设备检测结束，并且可以使用
        public const int DBT_CONFIGCHANGECANCELED = 0x0019;
        public const int DBT_CONFIGCHANGED = 0x0018;
        public const int DBT_CUSTOMEVENT = 0x8006;
        public const int DBT_DEVICEQUERYREMOVE = 0x8001;
        public const int DBT_DEVICEQUERYREMOVEFAILED = 0x8002;
        public const int DBT_DEVICEREMOVECOMPLETE = 0x8004;// 设备卸载或者拔出
        public const int DBT_DEVICEREMOVEPENDING = 0x8003;
        public const int DBT_DEVICETYPEHANGED = 0x0007;
        public const int DBT_QUERYCHANGSPECIFIC = 0x8005;
        public const int DBT_DEVNODES_CECONFIG = 0x0017;
        public const int DBT_USERDEFINED = 0xFFFF;
    }   
}
</string></string>

测试窗体（重写消息函数）：

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
 
namespace USBMonitor
{
    public partial class Main : Form
    {
        public Main()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
 
        CUSBMonitor usbMonitor = new CUSBMonitor();
 
        protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
        {
            usbMonitor.FillData(this, m, _listBox);
 
            base.WndProc(ref m);
        }
    }
}

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