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重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (63) - 通信: WebSocket

作者：webabcd

介绍
重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps 之 通信

  • Socket - 与 WebSocket 服务端做 Text 通信
  • Socket - 与 WebSocket 服务端做 Stream(Binary) 通信

示例
WebSocket 的服务端
WebServer/WebSocketServer.ashx.cs

  1. /*
  2.  * WebSocket 协议的服务端
  3.  *
  4.  * 需要在 iis 启用 WebSocket 协议：控制面板 -> 程序和功能 -> 启用或关闭 Windows 功能 -> 开启 iis 的 WebSocket 协议
  5.  */
  6.  
  7. using System;
  8. using System.IO;
  9. using System.Net.WebSockets;
  10. using System.Text;
  11. using System.Threading;
  12. using System.Web;
  13.  
  14. namespace WebServer
  15. {
  16.     public class WebSocketServer : IHttpHandler
  17.     {
  18.         // 接收数据的缓冲区的最大大小
  19.         private int _maxBufferSize =  * ;
  20.  
  21.         public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
  22.         {
  23.             try
  24.             {
  25.                 // HttpContext.AcceptWebSocketRequest() - 接受一个 WebSocket 请求
  26.                 context.AcceptWebSocketRequest(async wsContext => // AspNetWebSocketContext
  27.                 {
  28.                     try
  29.                     {
  30.                         byte[] receiveBuffer = new byte[_maxBufferSize];
  31.                         ArraySegment<byte> buffer = new ArraySegment<byte>(receiveBuffer);
  32.  
  33.                         // AspNetWebSocketContext.WebSocket - 获取当前上下文的 WebSocket 对象
  34.                         WebSocket socket = wsContext.WebSocket;
  35.  
  36.                         // HTTP 握手完成
  37.                         if (socket.State == WebSocketState.Open)
  38.                         {
  39.                             var outputString = "WebSocket Connected: " + DateTime.Now.ToString("mm:ss");
  40.                             ArraySegment<byte> outputBuffer = new ArraySegment<byte>(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(outputString));
  41.  
  42.                             // WebSocket.SendAsync() - 发送数据
  43.                             //     WebSocketMessageType.Text - 发送的是文本数据
  44.                             //     WebSocketMessageType.Binary - 发送的是二进制数据
  45.                             await socket.SendAsync(outputBuffer, WebSocketMessageType.Text, true, CancellationToken.None);
  46.                         }
  47.  
  48.                         // HTTP 握手完成
  49.                         while (socket.State == WebSocketState.Open)
  50.                         {
  51.                             // WebSocket.ReceiveAsync() - 接收数据，返回 WebSocketReceiveResult 对象
  52.                             WebSocketReceiveResult receiveResult = await socket.ReceiveAsync(buffer, CancellationToken.None);
  53.  
  54.                             // WebSocketReceiveResult.MessageType - 接收到的数据的类型（WebSocketMessageType 枚举）
  55.                             //     WebSocketMessageType.Text - 收到的是文本数据
  56.                             //     WebSocketMessageType.Binary - 收到的是二进制数据
  57.                             //     WebSocketMessageType.Close - 收到的是来自客户端的 WebSocket 关闭的消息
  58.                             if (receiveResult.MessageType == WebSocketMessageType.Close)
  59.                             {
  60.                                 // WebSocket.CloseAsync() - 关闭 WebSocket
  61.                                 await socket.CloseAsync(
  62.                                     receiveResult.CloseStatus.GetValueOrDefault(),
  63.                                     receiveResult.CloseStatusDescription,
  64.                                     CancellationToken.None);
  65.  
  66.                                 return;
  67.                             }
  68.  
  69.                             int offset = receiveResult.Count;
  70.  
  71.                             // WebSocketReceiveResult.EndOfMessage - 消息是否被完全接收
  72.                             while (receiveResult.EndOfMessage == false)
  73.                             {
  74.                                 // WebSocket.ReceiveAsync() - 接收数据，返回 WebSocketReceiveResult 对象
  75.                                 receiveResult = await socket.ReceiveAsync(new ArraySegment<byte>(receiveBuffer, offset, _maxBufferSize - offset), CancellationToken.None);
  76.                                 offset += receiveResult.Count;
  77.                             }
  78.  
  79.                             // 收到文本数据
  80.                             if (receiveResult.MessageType == WebSocketMessageType.Text)
  81.                             {
  82.                                 string receivedText = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(receiveBuffer, , offset);
  83.                                 string sendText = "server to client: \"" + receivedText + "\"";
  84.  
  85.                                 // 发送文本数据到客户端
  86.                                 ArraySegment<byte> outputBuffer = new ArraySegment<byte>(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendText));
  87.                                 await socket.SendAsync(outputBuffer, WebSocketMessageType.Text, true, CancellationToken.None);
  88.                             }
  89.                             // 收到二进制数据
  90.                             else if (receiveResult.MessageType == WebSocketMessageType.Binary)
  91.                             {
  92.                                 string sendText = "server to client: binary message received, size: " + receiveResult.Count + " bytes";
  93.  
  94.                                 // 发送文本数据到客户端
  95.                                 ArraySegment<byte> outputBuffer = new ArraySegment<byte>(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendText));
  96.                                 await socket.SendAsync(outputBuffer, WebSocketMessageType.Text, true, CancellationToken.None);
  97.                             }
  98.                         }
  99.                     }
  100.                     catch (Exception ex)
  101.                     {
  102.  
  103.                     }
  104.                 });
  105.             }
  106.             catch (Exception ex)
  107.             {
  108.  
  109.             }
  110.         }
  111.  
  112.         public bool IsReusable
  113.         {
  114.             get
  115.             {
  116.                 return false;
  117.             }
  118.         }
  119.     }
  120. }

1、演示如何通过 MessageWebSocket 与 WebSocket 服务端做 Text 通信
Communication/Socket/MessageWebSocketDemo.xaml

  1. <Page
  2.     x:Class="XamlDemo.Communication.Socket.MessageWebSocketDemo"
  3.     xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  4.     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
  5.     xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Communication.Socket"
  6.     xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
  7.     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
  8.     mc:Ignorable="d">
  9.  
  10.     <Grid Background="Transparent">
  11.         <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0" Orientation="Horizontal">
  12.  
  13.             <StackPanel>
  14.                 <Button Name="btnTextDemo" Content="与 WebSocket 服务端做 Text 通信" Click="btnTextDemo_Click" />
  15.                 <Button Name="btnClose" Content="Close" Click="btnClose_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
  16.             </StackPanel>
  17.  
  18.             <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20 0 0 0" />
  19.  
  20.         </StackPanel>
  21.     </Grid>
  22. </Page>

Communication/Socket/MessageWebSocketDemo.xaml.cs

  1. /*
  2.  * 演示如何通过 MessageWebSocket 与 WebSocket 服务端做 Text 通信
  3.  *
  4.  * 注：需要在 Package.appxmanifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="privateNetworkClientServer" /> 和 <Capability Name="internetClient" />
  5.  */
  6.  
  7. using System;
  8. using Windows.Networking.Sockets;
  9. using Windows.Storage.Streams;
  10. using Windows.UI.Core;
  11. using Windows.UI.Xaml;
  12. using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
  13. using Windows.Web;
  14.  
  15. namespace XamlDemo.Communication.Socket
  16. {
  17.     public sealed partial class MessageWebSocketDemo : Page
  18.     {
  19.         // WebSocket 协议的服务端地址（服务端代码参见：WebServer/WebSocketServer.cs）
  20.         private Uri _serverUri = new Uri("ws://localhost:86/WebSocketServer.ashx");
  21.  
  22.         // MessageWebSocket - 用于与 WebSocket 服务端做 Message 通信（可以是 utf8 或 binary）
  23.         private MessageWebSocket _socket;
  24.  
  25.         // 用于发送数据
  26.         DataWriter _dataWriter;
  27.  
  28.         public MessageWebSocketDemo()
  29.         {
  30.             this.InitializeComponent();
  31.         }
  32.  
  33.         private async void btnTextDemo_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  34.         {
  35.             try
  36.             {
  37.                 if (_socket == null)
  38.                 {
  39.                     lblMsg.Text += "connecting to: " + _serverUri.ToString();
  40.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  41.  
  42.                     _socket = new MessageWebSocket();
  43.                     // 发送的消息的类型 Utf8 或 Binary
  44.                     _socket.Control.MessageType = SocketMessageType.Utf8;
  45.                     // 接收到消息时所触发的事件
  46.                     _socket.MessageReceived += _socket_MessageReceived;
  47.  
  48.                     // WebSocket 关闭时所触发的事件
  49.                     _socket.Closed += async (senderSocket, args) =>
  50.                     {
  51.                         await this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  52.                         {
  53.                             // WebSocketClosedEventArgs.Code - 关闭原因的状态吗
  54.                             // WebSocketClosedEventArgs.Reason - 关闭原因的详细信息
  55.                             lblMsg.Text += "socket closed - code: " + args.Code + ", reason: " + args.Reason;
  56.                             lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  57.  
  58.                             if (_socket != null)
  59.                             {
  60.                                 _socket.Dispose();
  61.                                 _socket = null;
  62.                             }
  63.                         });
  64.                     };
  65.  
  66.                     // 连接指定的 WebSocket 服务
  67.                     await _socket.ConnectAsync(_serverUri);
  68.                     // 根据 MessageWebSocket 的 OutputStream，实例化一个 DataWriter，以便发数据到服务端
  69.                     _dataWriter = new DataWriter(_socket.OutputStream);
  70.  
  71.                     lblMsg.Text += "connected";
  72.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  73.                 }
  74.  
  75.                 string message = "hello " + DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss");
  76.                 lblMsg.Text += "send: " + message;
  77.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  78.  
  79.                 // 发送数据到服务端
  80.                 _dataWriter.WriteString(message);
  81.                 await _dataWriter.StoreAsync();
  82.  
  83.                 lblMsg.Text += "sent";
  84.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  85.             }
  86.             catch (Exception ex)
  87.             {
  88.                 if (_socket != null)
  89.                 {
  90.                     _socket.Dispose();
  91.                     _socket = null;
  92.                 }
  93.  
  94.                 WebErrorStatus errStatus = WebSocketError.GetStatus(ex.GetBaseException().HResult);
  95.  
  96.                 lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
  97.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  98.                 lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
  99.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  100.             }
  101.         }
  102.  
  103.         void _socket_MessageReceived(MessageWebSocket sender, MessageWebSocketMessageReceivedEventArgs args)
  104.         {
  105.             try
  106.             {
  107.                 // MessageWebSocketMessageReceivedEventArgs.MessageType - 收到的数据的类型 Utf8 或 Binary
  108.                 // MessageWebSocketMessageReceivedEventArgs.GetDataReader() - 获取收到的数据的 DataReader 对象，用于读取接收到的数据
  109.                 using (DataReader reader = args.GetDataReader())
  110.                 {
  111.                     reader.UnicodeEncoding = Windows.Storage.Streams.UnicodeEncoding.Utf8;
  112.                     string read = reader.ReadString(reader.UnconsumedBufferLength);
  113.  
  114.                     var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  115.                     {
  116.                         lblMsg.Text += "received: " + read;
  117.                         lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  118.                     });
  119.                 }
  120.             }
  121.             catch (Exception ex)
  122.             {
  123.                 WebErrorStatus errStatus = WebSocketError.GetStatus(ex.GetBaseException().HResult);
  124.  
  125.                 lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
  126.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  127.                 lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
  128.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  129.             }
  130.         }
  131.  
  132.         private void btnClose_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  133.         {
  134.             try
  135.             {
  136.                 if (_socket != null)
  137.                 {
  138.                     lblMsg.Text += "socket closing";
  139.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  140.  
  141.                     // 关闭 WebSocket，可以指定 code 和 reason（此处指定的 code 和 reason 可以在 MessageWebSocket.Closed 事件中获取）
  142.                     _socket.Close(, "用户在客户端关闭了 WebSocket");
  143.                     _socket = null;
  144.                 }
  145.             }
  146.             catch (Exception ex)
  147.             {
  148.                 WebErrorStatus errStatus = WebSocketError.GetStatus(ex.GetBaseException().HResult);
  149.  
  150.                 lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
  151.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  152.                 lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
  153.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  154.             }
  155.         }
  156.     }
  157. }

2、演示如何通过 StreamWebSocket 与 WebSocket 服务端做 Stream(Binary) 通信
Communication/Socket/StreamWebSocketDemo.xaml

  1. <Page
  2.     x:Class="XamlDemo.Communication.Socket.StreamWebSocketDemo"
  3.     xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  4.     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
  5.     xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Communication.Socket"
  6.     xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
  7.     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
  8.     mc:Ignorable="d">
  9.  
  10.     <Grid Background="Transparent">
  11.         <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0" Orientation="Horizontal">
  12.  
  13.             <StackPanel>
  14.                 <Button Name="btnBinaryDemo" Content="与 WebSocket 服务端做 Binary 通信" Click="btnBinaryDemo_Click" />
  15.                 <Button Name="btnClose" Content="Close" Click="btnClose_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
  16.             </StackPanel>
  17.  
  18.             <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20 0 0 0" />
  19.  
  20.         </StackPanel>
  21.     </Grid>
  22. </Page>

Communication/Socket/StreamWebSocketDemo.xaml.cs

  1. /*
  2.  * 演示如何通过 StreamWebSocket 与 WebSocket 服务端做 Stream(Binary) 通信
  3.  *
  4.  * 注：需要在 Package.appxmanifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="privateNetworkClientServer" /> 和 <Capability Name="internetClient" />
  5.  */
  6.  
  7. using System;
  8. using Windows.Networking.Sockets;
  9. using Windows.Storage.Streams;
  10. using Windows.UI.Core;
  11. using Windows.UI.Xaml;
  12. using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
  13. using Windows.Web;
  14. using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;
  15. using System.Threading.Tasks;
  16. using System.IO;
  17.  
  18. namespace XamlDemo.Communication.Socket
  19. {
  20.     public sealed partial class StreamWebSocketDemo : Page
  21.     {
  22.         // WebSocket 协议的服务端地址（服务端代码参见：WebServer/WebSocketServer.cs）
  23.         private Uri _serverUri = new Uri("ws://localhost:86/WebSocketServer.ashx");
  24.  
  25.         // StreamWebSocket - 用于与 WebSocket 服务端做 Stream 通信（只能是 binary）
  26.         private StreamWebSocket _socket;
  27.  
  28.         public StreamWebSocketDemo()
  29.         {
  30.             this.InitializeComponent();
  31.         }
  32.  
  33.         private async void btnBinaryDemo_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  34.         {
  35.             try
  36.             {
  37.                 if (_socket == null)
  38.                 {
  39.                     lblMsg.Text += "connecting to: " + _serverUri.ToString();
  40.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  41.  
  42.                     _socket = new StreamWebSocket();
  43.  
  44.                     // WebSocket 关闭时所触发的事件
  45.                     _socket.Closed += async (senderSocket, args) =>
  46.                     {
  47.                         await this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  48.                         {
  49.                             // WebSocketClosedEventArgs.Code - 关闭原因的状态吗
  50.                             // WebSocketClosedEventArgs.Reason - 关闭原因的详细信息
  51.                             lblMsg.Text += "socket closed - code: " + args.Code + ", reason: " + args.Reason;
  52.                             lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  53.  
  54.                             if (_socket != null)
  55.                             {
  56.                                 _socket.Dispose();
  57.                                 _socket = null;
  58.                             }
  59.                         });
  60.                     };
  61.  
  62.                     // 连接指定的 WebSocket 服务
  63.                     await _socket.ConnectAsync(_serverUri);
  64.  
  65.                     // 新开线程，用于接收数据
  66.                     Task receiving = Task.Factory.StartNew(ReceiveData, _socket.InputStream.AsStreamForRead(), TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning);
  67.  
  68.                     // 新开线程，用于发送数据
  69.                     Task sending = Task.Factory.StartNew(SendData, _socket.OutputStream, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning);
  70.  
  71.                     lblMsg.Text += "connected";
  72.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  73.                 }
  74.             }
  75.             catch (Exception ex)
  76.             {
  77.                 if (_socket != null)
  78.                 {
  79.                     _socket.Dispose();
  80.                     _socket = null;
  81.                 }
  82.  
  83.                 WebErrorStatus errStatus = WebSocketError.GetStatus(ex.GetBaseException().HResult);
  84.  
  85.                 lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
  86.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  87.                 lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
  88.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  89.             }
  90.         }
  91.  
  92.         // 发送数据
  93.         private async void SendData(object state)
  94.         {
  95.             // 自定义需要发送的二进制数据
  96.             byte[] data = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09 };
  97.  
  98.             try
  99.             {
  100.                 IOutputStream writeStream = (IOutputStream)state;
  101.  
  102.                 while (true)
  103.                 {
  104.                     var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  105.                     {
  106.                         lblMsg.Text += "send: " + data.Length.ToString() + " 字节的数据";
  107.                         lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  108.                     });
  109.  
  110.                     // 发送 stream 数据
  111.                     await writeStream.WriteAsync(data.AsBuffer());
  112.  
  113.                     var ignore2 = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  114.                     {
  115.                         lblMsg.Text += "sent";
  116.                         lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  117.                     });
  118.  
  119.                     await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds());
  120.                 }
  121.             }
  122.             catch (ObjectDisposedException)
  123.             {
  124.                 var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  125.                 {
  126.                     lblMsg.Text += "用于发送数据的后台线程已经停止";
  127.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  128.                 });
  129.             }
  130.             catch (Exception ex)
  131.             {
  132.                 WebErrorStatus errStatus = WebSocketError.GetStatus(ex.GetBaseException().HResult);
  133.  
  134.                 var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  135.                 {
  136.                     lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
  137.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  138.                     lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
  139.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  140.                 });
  141.             }
  142.         }
  143.  
  144.         // 接收数据
  145.         private async void ReceiveData(object state)
  146.         {
  147.             // 用于接收数据的缓冲区
  148.             byte[] readBuffer = new byte[];
  149.  
  150.             int bytesReceived = ;
  151.             try
  152.             {
  153.                 Stream readStream = (Stream)state;
  154.  
  155.                 while (true)
  156.                 {
  157.                     // 接收数据
  158.                     int read = await readStream.ReadAsync(readBuffer, , readBuffer.Length);
  159.                     bytesReceived += read;
  160.  
  161.                     await this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  162.                     {
  163.                         lblMsg.Text += "received: " + System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(readBuffer, , read);
  164.                         lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  165.                         lblMsg.Text += "累计已收到 " + bytesReceived.ToString() + " 字节的数据";
  166.                         lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  167.                     });
  168.                 }
  169.             }
  170.             catch (ObjectDisposedException)
  171.             {
  172.                 var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  173.                 {
  174.                     lblMsg.Text += "用于接收数据的后台线程已经停止";
  175.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  176.                 });
  177.             }
  178.             catch (Exception ex)
  179.             {
  180.                 WebErrorStatus errStatus = WebSocketError.GetStatus(ex.GetBaseException().HResult);
  181.  
  182.                 var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
  183.                 {
  184.                     lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
  185.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  186.                     lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
  187.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  188.                 });
  189.             }
  190.         }
  191.  
  192.         private void btnClose_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  193.         {
  194.             try
  195.             {
  196.                 if (_socket != null)
  197.                 {
  198.                     lblMsg.Text += "socket closing";
  199.                     lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  200.  
  201.                     // 关闭 WebSocket，可以指定 code 和 reason（此处指定的 code 和 reason 可以在 MessageWebSocket.Closed 事件中获取）
  202.                     _socket.Close(, "用户在客户端关闭了 WebSocket");
  203.                     _socket = null;
  204.                 }
  205.             }
  206.             catch (Exception ex)
  207.             {
  208.                 WebErrorStatus errStatus = WebSocketError.GetStatus(ex.GetBaseException().HResult);
  209.  
  210.                 lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
  211.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  212.                 lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
  213.                 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
  214.             }
  215.         }
  216.     }
  217. }

OK
[源码下载]

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